The DOI matches its Crossref record; 46 of the 46 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Risk markers associated with challenging behaviours in people with intellectual disabilities: a meta-analytic study
Open accessAbstract
A meta-analysis of prevalence and cohort studies conducted over the last 30 years was carried out to identify risk markers for challenging behaviour shown by individuals with intellectual disabilities (IDs). A total of 86 potential studies was identified from the review, with 22 (25.6%) containing sufficient data to enable a statistical analysis to be conducted. Results indicated that males were significantly more likely to show aggression than females, and that individuals with a severe/profound degree of ID were significantly more likely to show self-injury and stereotypy than individuals with a mild/moderate degree of ID. Individuals with a diagnosis of autism were significantly more likely to show self-injury, aggression and disruption to the environment whilst individuals with deficits in receptive and expressive communication were significantly more likely to show self-injury. In most cases, tests for heterogeneity were statistically significant, as expected. The meta-analysis highlighted the paucity of methodologically robust studies of risk markers for challenging behaviours and the lack of data on incidence, prevalence and chronicity of challenging behaviour in this population.
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“Communication impairments constitute an important individual risk factor (22, 23) alongside insufficient adaptive problem-solving, and self-help abilities (24), sensory hypersensitivities (4), self-stimulation (3), physical discomfort or pain (25), symptom severity (26), comorbid psychiatric disorders (27), or intense need for care (14).”
From ProVIA-Kids - outcomes of an uncontrolled study on smartphone-based behaviour analysis for challenging behaviour in children with intellectual and developmental disabilities or autism spectrum disorder (2024) · cites this paper as [23]
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“Indeed, the fact that autistic symptom severity predicts the severity and frequency of the ‘stereotyped’ forms of NSSI seen in adults with learning disabilities [42] motivates investigation of autistic symptom severity as a predictor of the form of NSSI described by Maddox et al.”
From A 'choice', an 'addiction', a way 'out of the lost': Exploring self-injury in autistic people without intellectual disability (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
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Metadata
- Authors
- McClintock, K., Hall, S., & Oliver, C.
- Affiliations
- University of Birmingham (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Oliver, C.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Intellectual Disability Research
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2003-08-15
- Volume
- 47
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 405-416
- ISSN
- 0964-2633 (ISSN-L)
- 1365-2788
- OpenAlex
- W1975575139
- Cited by
- 675
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 32 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 38 · 2020: 37 · 2019: 39 · 2018: 41 · 2017: 34 · 2016: 46 · 2015: 36 · 2014: 48 · 2013: 42 · 2012: 34
- FWCI
- 1.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Locations
- Journal of Intellectual Disability Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Down syndrome and intellectual disability research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Behavioral and Psychological Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Keywords
- behavioral problems, intellectual disability, risk indicators, aggression, self-harm, stereotypy, autism spectrum disorder, communication difficulties, sex differences, severity of intellectual disability, environmental disturbance
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aggression, Child, Humans, Intellectual Disability, Risk Factors, Social Behavior, Self-Injurious Behavior
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