Cited by 366Pesticide Exposure and ToxicityMalaria Research and ControlInsect Pest Control Strategies

Safety of pyrethroid‐treated mosquito nets

Zaim, M., Aitio, A., Nakashima, N.·2000·Medical and Veterinary Entomology

Abstract

Summary: The use of insecticide treated nets (ITNs) for personal protection against malaria vector Anopheles mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) has become popular during the past decade. With the precautions outlined in this paper, field use of pyrethroids – at concentrations recommended for treatment of mosquito nets – poses little or no hazard to people treating the nets or to users of the treated nets. With frequent exposure to low concentrations of pyrethroids, the risk of toxicity of any kind is remote. Pyrethroids entering the systemic circulation are rapidly metabolized to much less toxic metabolites. Toxicologically, pyrethroids have a useful characteristic – the production of skin paraesthesia – which gives an early indication of exposure. This reversible symptom of exposure is due to transient stimulation of peripheral sensory nerves and not a toxic effect. In the retail market, for home use, the provision of proper packaging and labelling, with clear instructions on safe and effective use of the product are most important. Because many domestic users of pyrethroid ‘home treatment kits’ for ITNs may not be fully literate, it is essential that ‘instructions for use’ should be portrayed via pictograms with supporting text in appropriate local language(s).

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1046/j.1365-2915.2000.00211.x

Cites

17 of 17 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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Authors
Zaim, M., Aitio, A., & Nakashima, N.
Affiliations
World Health Organization (CH)
Corresponding author
Zaim, M.
Venue
Medical and Veterinary Entomology
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2000-03
Volume
14
Issue
1
Pages
1-5
ISSN
  • 0269-283X (ISSN-L)
  • 1365-2915
OpenAlex
W2038870495
Cited by
366
References
17
Citations by year
2026: 8 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 26 · 2013: 23 · 2012: 17
FWCI
0.96
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Medical and Veterinary Entomology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Pesticide Exposure and Toxicity
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Malaria Research and Control
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Insect Pest Control Strategies
Keywords
pyrethroid insecticides, insecticide-treated nets, malaria vector control, Anopheles, occupational exposure, pyrethroid metabolites, product labeling, pictograms, user safety
MeSH terms
Animals, Anopheles, Bedding and Linens, Consumer Product Safety, Health Planning Guidelines, Humans, Insecticides, Malaria, Mosquito Control, Pyrethrins

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