Cited by 563Dementia and Cognitive Impairment ResearchDiabetes Treatment and ManagementNeurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments

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Type 2 diabetes mellitus, cognitive impairment and dementia

Stewart, R., Liolitsa, D.·1999·Diabetic Medicine

DOI 10.1046/j.1464-5491.1999.00027.x

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Abstract

Summary: Aims We set out to examine the evidence for an association between cognitive impairment or dementia and the presence of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). We also sought evidence of potential mechanisms for such an association. Methods A literature search of three databases was performed and the reference lists of the papers so identified were examined, using English language papers only. Results We found evidence of cross‐sectional and prospective associations between Type 2 DM and cognitive impairment, probably both for memory and executive function. There is also evidence for an elevated risk of both vascular dementia and Alzheimer’s disease in Type 2 DM albeit with strong interaction of other factors such as hypertension, dyslipidaemia and apolipoprotein E phenotype. Both vascular and non‐vascular factors are likely to play a role in dementia in diabetes. Conclusions Current classification structures for dementia may not be adequate in diabetes, where mixed pathogenesis is likely. Further research into the mechanisms of cognitive impairment in Type 2 DM may allow us to challenge the concept of dementia, at least in these patients, as an irremediable disease. Diabet. Med. 16, 93–112 (1999)

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Cukierman‐Yaffe, T. (2010) · Avances en Diabetología · doi:10.1016/s1134-3230(10)66002-4 · Cited by 1
Asociación entre el deterioro cognitivo y factores socioeconómicos y sociodemográficos en adultos mayores colombianos
Buitrago, A. F. S., Perdomo, D. C., & Bogota, M. A. M. (2022) · Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría · doi:10.1016/j.rcp.2022.02.005 · Cited by 1
Metabolic and Clinical Significance of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2; Implication for Rising Prevalence in Nigeria
Oghagbon, E. K. (2018) · Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice · doi:10.46912/1i2.201855 · Cited by 1
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN RISK FACTORS AND COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT AMONG TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS
MUNİF, M. A., Verma, L., AHMAD, M. F., Khan, A. A., & Singh, A. (2022) · International Journal of Health Services Research and Policy · doi:10.33457/ijhsrp.1025297 · Cited by 1
“The prevalence is particularly higher for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in T2DMpatients older than 65 years [5].”
Background
Depression as a Risk Factor for Dementia in older people with type 2 Diabetes and the Mediating Effect of Inflammation
Esmael, A. (2022) · Brain and Neurological Disorders · doi:10.31579/2642-9730/021 · Cited by 1
Alzheimer disease assessment scale-cognitive (ADAS-COG) en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2, con y sin neuropatía diabética periférica
Pagano, M. A., Laffue, A., Garau, M. L., Cousillas, J., Yorio, A., Amores, M., Krynski, F., & Fuente, G. V. (2015) · Neurología Argentina · doi:10.1016/j.neuarg.2014.10.005 · Cited by 1
Evaluation of cognitive functions and the related factors in 50–80 year type 2 diabetic subjects
Temizel, M., Mert, M., Yanar, H. T., Arman, Y., Arslan, K., Alakuş, F., & Velioglu, E. A. (2013) · International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries · doi:10.1007/s13410-013-0126-2 · Cited by 1
“Type 2 DM is related with moderate to mild decrease in cognitive functions and this decrease mainly affects verbal memory, information processing rate and mental agility [2] and is associated with vascular dementia [3, 4].”
Background
Alzheimer's Disease and Other Forms of Dementia
Staehelin, H. B., Perrig‐Chiello, P., & Hutchison, S. (2007) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9781420043013.ch15 · Cited by 1
Diabetes and Progression of Alzheimer's: Linking the Two Epidemics
Bandyopadhyay, S., Mistry, H., & Dutta, R. P. (2014) · Cited by 1
Assessment of Executive Function in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus – A Case Control Study
Mythili, D. V. (2017) · Journal of Medical Science And clinical Research · doi:10.18535/jmscr/v5i6.73 · Cited by 1
“The deficits in executive function were observed in some studies 7,8,9,10 – (Award et al., 2004; Messier, 2005; Rayn & Geckle, 2000; Stewart & Liolitsa, 1999).”
The auditory P300 component of ERPs elicited during the oddball paradigm in type 2 diabetic patients
Teede, H. J., Kozica, S., Lombard, C. B., Ilić, D. D., Ng, S., & Harrison, C. L. (2018) · Diabetes and Islet Biology · doi:10.31579/2641-8975/005 · Cited by 1
Diabetes and the Nervous System
Vinik, A. I., CASELLINI, C. M., & Neumann, S. A. (2018) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-44433-8_10 · Cited by 1
Metabolic and Clinical Significance of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2; Implication for Rising Prevalence in Nigeria
Oghagbon, E. K. (2018) · Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice · doi:10.46912/jbrcp.55 · Cited by 1
Protective potential of fruits against diabetes and its complications
Kraft, T. F. B. (2010) · Illinois Digital Environment for Access to Learning and Scholarship (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign) · Cited by 1
Vascular Cognitive Impairment: risk factors and brain MRI correlates
Reijmer, Y. D. (2012) · Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University) · Cited by 1
Addressing Risk Factors for Neurocognitive Decline and Alzheimer’s Disease Among African Americans in the Era of Health Disparities
David, L., Isabel, M., Amponsah, A., Herron, A., Johnson, D., Sims, M., Hickson, D. A., & Sylvia, A. (2011) · InTech eBooks · doi:10.5772/10661
“Duration of diabetes as a brain-cognition threshold marker has been previously reported in the literature (Stewart and Liolitsa 1999; Logroscino, Kang et al. 2004).”
Neurocognitive implications of diabetes on dementia as measured by an extensive neuropsychological battery.
Harris, R. L. (2008) · doi:10.12794/metadc9774 · Cited by 1
“Thus far, cognitive areas involving processing speed, memory, attention and executive function are noted to be influenced via diabetes (Awad et al., 2004; Brands et al., 2007; Manschot et al., 2006; Stewart & Liolitsa, 1999; Verhaeghen et al., 2003).”
Diabetes mellitus, cognitie en dementie
Biessels, G. J., & Brands, I. (2004) · Neuropraxis · doi:10.1007/bf03079001 · Cited by 1
Neurological rehabilitation of stroke
Botell, R. (2005) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.2004.061853 · Cited by 1
Åldrande och kognition
Hassing, L. B., & Johansson, B. E. A. (2005) · Nordisk Psykologi · doi:10.1080/00291463.2005.10637358 · Cited by 1
“Aldersdiabetes har ocksa visat sig vara forenat med okad risk fOr kognitiv svikt (Stewart & Liolitsa, 1999) och ju langre sjukdomen har pagatt desto storre paverkan (Hassing et al., 2003).”
Background
Variabilidad glucémica y deterioro cognitivo del anciano con diabetes
Ballesteros, A. C. (2010) · Avances en Diabetología · doi:10.1016/s1134-3230(10)61014-9 · Cited by 1
Avaliação neuropsicológica de pacientes expostos ao vapor de mercúrio e de pacientes diabéticos do tipo 2
Zachi, E. C. (2005) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/d.47.2005.tde-11102005-111724 · Cited by 1
Longitudinal Relationship between Depression and Diabetes Self-care in Minorities with Type 2 Diabetes
Hernández, R. (2012) · Figshare · Cited by 1

Authors: Stewart, R., & Liolitsa, D.
Corresponding author: Stewart, R.
ORCID: Stewart, R.
Venue: Diabetic Medicine
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 1999-02
Volume: 16
Issue: 2
Pages: 93-112
ISSN: 0742-3071 (ISSN-L)
1464-5491
DOI: 10.1046/j.1464-5491.1999.00027.x
OpenAlex: W2078868323
Cited by: 562
References: 145
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 33 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 35
FWCI: 9.03
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 1057 d)
Locations: Diabetic Medicine (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Wellcome Trust
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
Keywords: type 2 diabetes, cognitive impairment, dementia, vascular dementia, Alzheimer's disease, memory, executive function, hypertension, dyslipidemia, apolipoprotein E, dementia classification
MeSH terms: Cognition Disorders, Cross-Sectional Studies, Dementia, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Humans, Population Surveillance, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Case-Control Studies

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Type 2 diabetes mellitus, cognitive impairment and dementia

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