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Cited by 102Ginseng Biological Effects and ApplicationsMedicinal Plants and Bioactive CompoundsComplementary and Alternative Medicine Studies

Ginsengs: A review of safety and efficacy

Mahady, Gail B., Gyllenhaal, Charlotte, Fong, Harry H.S., Farnsworth, Norman R.·2000·Nutrition in Clinical Care
DOI 10.1046/j.1523-5408.2000.00020.x
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Abstract

Abstract Both Korean and Siberian ginseng are used extensively for the enhancement of mental and physical performance. However, results from recent randomized, controlled clinical trials do not substantiate the purported ergogenic effects of ginseng in healthy individuals. Nevertheless, there is some evidence (both human and animal studies) to suggest that Korean and Siberian ginseng may have health promoting effects by stimulating the immune response. The recommended daily dose for Korean ginseng is 0.5 to 2 g per day of dried root or 100 to 300 mg per day of a standardized extract containing 1.5 to 7% ginsenosides and, for Siberian ginseng, 2 to 3 g per day of dried root or equivalent preparations. Patients should be cautioned not to exceed these dosages, as adverse reactions such as hypertension, diarrhea, nervousness, and insomnia are associated with excessive ingestion. For Korean ginseng, drug interactions have been reported with both phenelzine and warfarin. There is a single case report of an interaction between Siberian ginseng and digoxin; however, the clinical significance has not been established. The use of ginseng is contraindicated for children and women who are pregnant or lactating, while Siberian ginseng should also be avoided by those patients with cardiovascular disease or hypertension (BP>180/90 mmHg).

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  • The exact mechanism of adaptogenic action of Panax ginseng is unknown, but it is supposed to affect the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and have an antioxidant effect.

    “The exact mechanism of adaptogenic action of Panax ginseng is unknown, but it is supposed that it affects the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in Figure 2 and the antioxidant effect [24,27,28,29].”

    From Plant Adaptogens—History and Future Perspectives (2021) · cites this paper as [28]

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Authors
Mahady, G. B., Gyllenhaal, C., Fong, H. H. S., & Farnsworth, N. R.
Affiliations
University of Illinois Chicago (US)
ORCID
Mahady, Gail B.
Venue
Nutrition in Clinical Care
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2000-03
Volume
3
Issue
2
Pages
90-101
ISSN
  • 1096-6781 (ISSN-L)
  • 1523-5408
DOI
10.1046/j.1523-5408.2000.00020.x
OpenAlex
W1985178577
Cited by
102
References
43
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 3
FWCI
0.84
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 664 d)
Locations
Nutrition in Clinical Care (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Ginseng Biological Effects and Applications
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Medicinal Plants and Bioactive Compounds
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies
Keywords
ginseng, Panax ginseng, Siberian ginseng, ginsenosides, ergogenic effects, immunostimulation, adverse drug interactions, hypertension, dosage recommendations, contraindications, herbal supplement safety

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