An Update on the Epidemiology, Molecular Characterization, Diagnosis, and Screening Strategies for Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer
Open accessAbstract
Rising trends in the incidence and mortality of early-onset CRC in those who are ages less than 50 years have been well-established. These trends have spurred intense investigation focused on elucidating the epidemiology and characteristics of early-onset CRC, as well on identifying strategies for early detection and prevention. In this review, we provide a contemporary update on early-onset CRC with a particular focus on epidemiology, molecular characterization, red flag signs and symptoms, and screening for early-onset CRC.
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Two strategies are used for colorectal cancer screening: screening based on preliminary determination of risk factors, and population screening based on large-scale examination of individuals in a certain population using epidemiological methods.
“Currently, two strategies are used for CRC screening: (1) Screening based on preliminary determination of risk factors, which allows selecting patients for further examination; and (2) Population screening based on a large-scale examination of individuals in a certain population using epidemiological methods[21].”
From Risk factors, prevention and screening of colorectal cancer: A rising problem (2025) · cites this paper as [21]
The “Precision and Population-Based Screening for Early-Onset CRC” section identifies two approaches: risk-factor-based precision screening and population-based screening for people at average risk. It says these strategies “may be applied” to asymptomatic young adults, rather than that both are currently used as described; it also does not characterize population screening as large-scale examination using epidemiological methods. (LLM, conf=0.85)
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Knowledge mapping of early-onset colorectal cancer from 2000 to 2022: A bibliometric analysis
Zhang, M., Zhu, S., Chen, L., Wu, Y., Ye, Y., Wang, G., Gui, Z., Zhang, C., & Zhang, M. (2023) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18499 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
- Authors
- Burnett-Hartman, A. N., Lee, J. K., Demb, J., & Gupta, S.
- Affiliations
- Kaiser Permanente (US)
- University of California San Diego (US)
- Corresponding author
- Lee, Jeffrey K.
- Venue
- Gastroenterology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2021-03
- Volume
- 160
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1041-1049
- ISSN
- 0016-5085 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8273929
- OpenAlex
- W3119321686
- Semantic Scholar
- 8244c2b40e175dc72040bb05f875308e37bfb4c4
- Cited by
- 298
- References
- 79
- Citations by year
- 2026: 27 · 2025: 60 · 2024: 88 · 2023: 71 · 2022: 43 · 2021: 9
- FWCI
- 6.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Gastroenterology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Cancer Institute (U24 CA 221936, R01 CA196337)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Colorectal Cancer Screening and Detection
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Genetic factors in colorectal cancer
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Colorectal Cancer Surgical Treatments
- Keywords
- early-onset colorectal cancer, colorectal cancer incidence, molecular characterization, colorectal cancer screening, early detection, cancer prevention, young adults
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Mass Screening, Risk Factors, Triage, Biomarkers, Tumor, Colorectal Neoplasms, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Age of Onset, Microsatellite Instability, Early Detection of Cancer, Precision Medicine
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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