Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Obesity, and Pregnancy
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder affecting up to one in five reproductive-aged women. It is underpinned by insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism and is associated with metabolic, reproductive, and psychological features. Women with PCOS have higher rates of obesity and central adiposity compared with women without PCOS, and weight strongly influences prevalence and clinical severity of PCOS. Women with PCOS may have subfertility and women should be aware of factors affecting fertility, in particular the impact of obesity and age. Once pregnant, women with PCOS have significantly increased risk of pregnancy-related complications including gestational diabetes, hypertensive disorders, premature delivery, and delivery by cesarean section. The offspring of women with PCOS may have increased risk of congenital abnormalities and hospitalization in childhood. Clinicians should be aware of the increased risk and screen, prevent, and manage accordingly.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The obesity rate among PCOS patients is significantly increased, suggesting obesity may be related to the occurrence and symptoms of PCOS.
“Research has shown that the obesity rate among PCOS patients is significantly increased, which suggests that obesity may be related to the occurrence and symptoms of PCOS (3).”
From Circulating Adipokine Levels in Nonobese Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and in Nonobese Control Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2021) · cites this paper as [3]
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Environmental factors in declining human fertility
Skakkebæk, N. E., Lindahl-Jacobsen, R., Levine, H., Andersson, A.-M., Jørgensen, N., Main, K. M., Lidegaard, Ø., Priskorn, L., Holmboe, S. A., Bräuner, E. V., et al. (2022) · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · doi:10.1038/s41574-021-00598-8 · Cited by 389 · see citing works
Self-citationNew Perspectives on the Pathogenesis of PCOS: Neuroendocrine Origins
Walters, K. A., Gilchrist, R. B., Ledger, W. L., Teede, H. J., Handelsman, D. J., & Campbell, R. E. (2018) · Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.tem.2018.08.005 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
Mills, G., Badeghiesh, A. M., Suarthana, E., Baghlaf, H. A., & Dahan, M. H. (2020) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/deaa099 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
The Mechanism of Androgen Actions in PCOS Etiology
Paris, V. R., & Bertoldo, M. J. (2019) · Medical Sciences · doi:10.3390/medsci7090089 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
“hepatic steatosis and dyslipidemia, which amplify the risk of type-2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease [2,8,9].”
BackgroundGrieger, J. A., Hutchesson, M., Cooray, S. D., Khomami, M. B., Zaman, S. J., Segan, L. A., Teede, H. J., & Moran, L. (2021) · Therapeutic Advances in Reproductive Health · doi:10.1177/2633494120986544 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Lin, K., Sun, X., Wang, X., Wang, H., & Chen, X. (2021) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2020.537809 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
“Research has shown that the obesity rate among PCOS patients is significantly increased, which suggests that obesity may be related to the occurrence and symptoms of PCOS (3).”
BackgroundMills, G., Badeghiesh, A. M., Suarthana, E., Baghlaf, H. A., & Dahan, M. H. (2020) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/deaa144 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Exercise and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Woodward, A., Klonizakis, M., & Broom, D. R. (2020) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/978-981-15-1792-1_8 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Pregnancy-related outcomes for women with polycystic ovary syndrome
McDonnell, R., & Hart, R. J. (2017) · Women s Health · doi:10.1177/1745505717731971 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Self-citationPregnancy outcomes in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome
D’Alterio, M. N., Sigilli, M., Succu, A. G., GHISU, V., Laganà, A. S., Sorrentino, F., Nappi, L., Tinelli, R., & Angioni, S. L. (2021) · Minerva Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.23736/s2724-606x.21.04758-4 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Vanky, E., Hanem, L. G. E., & Abbott, D. H. (2019) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.03.015 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Sleep disturbances in women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Franik, G., Krysta, K., Madej, P., Gimlewicz-Pięta, B., Oślizło, B., Trukawka, J., & Olszanecka‐Glinianowicz, M. (2016) · Gynecological Endocrinology · doi:10.1080/09513590.2016.1196177 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
“Oligoovulation or anovulation, excess androgen activity and ovarian structure abnormalities are typical for this syndrome [1,2].”
BackgroundPlasma L -carnitine levels of obese and non-obese polycystic ovary syndrome patients
Çelik, F., Köse, M., Yılmazer, M., Köken, G., Arıöz, D. T., & Pektas, M. K. (2017) · Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology · doi:10.1080/01443615.2016.1264375 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
“Insulin resistance is found in 25–60% of PCOS patients, and thus, insulin sensitising drugs such as metformin are usually used for the treatment of PCOS (Barber et al. 2015; Joham et al. 2016; Sirota et al. 2016).”
BackgroundMaternal polycystic ovarian syndrome and early offspring development
Bell, G. A., Sundaram, R., Mumford, S. L., Park, H., Mills, J. L., Bell, E. M., Broadney, M. M., & Yeung, E. H. (2018) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/dey087 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
“PCOS is characterized by hyperandrogenism (elevated levels of circulating androgen hormone in women), presence of polycystic ovaries and menstrual irregularities (Fauser et al., 2012; Palomba et al., 2012; Conway et al., 2014; Doherty et al., 2015; Dumesic et al., 2015; Joham et al., 2016; Sirmans and Pate, 2013).”
Li, A., Lu, Z., Jiajia, J., Yang, N., Ying, L., Lingbo, C., Yugui, C., Feiyang, D., Han, X., Jiayin, L., et al. (2018) · Journal of Biomedical Research · doi:10.7555/jbr.32.20170136 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Abbott, D., Levine, J. E., & Dumesic, D. A. (2016) · Current Pharmaceutical Design · doi:10.2174/1381612822666160715133437 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Lyu, X., Lyu, T., Wang, X., Zhu, H., Pan, H., Wang, L., Yang, H., & Gong, F. (2021) · International Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1155/2021/6616693 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Manoharan, V., & Wong, V. W. (2020) · BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · doi:10.1186/s12884-020-03175-5 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Roles of Perilipins in Diseases and Cancers
Zhang, P., Meng, L., Song, L., Du, J., Du, S., Cui, W., Liu, C., & Li, F. (2017) · Current Genomics · doi:10.2174/1389202918666170915155948 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
“PCOS may cause obesity [108], diabetes [109], atherosclerosis [110], hypertension [111], nonalcoholic fatty liver disease [112], and endometrial carcinoma [113].”
BackgroundFemale infertility in the era of obesity: The clash of two pandemics or inevitable consequence?
Medenica, S., Spoltore, M. E., Ormazabal, P., Marina, L., Šojat, A. S., Faggiano, A., Gnessi, L., Mazzilli, R., & Watanabe, M. (2022) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/cen.14785 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
“time to conception of over 12 months, and this is enhanced when obesity coexists.(66)”
BackgroundPalomba, S., Santagni, S., Gibbins, K. J., Sala, G. B. L., & Silver, R. M. (2016) · Reproductive BioMedicine Online · doi:10.1016/j.rbmo.2016.08.007 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Self-citationPathogenesis of Reproductive and Metabolic PCOS Traits in a Mouse Model
Paris, V. R., Edwards, M. C., Aflatounian, A., Bertoldo, M. J., Ledger, W. J., Handelsman, D. J., Gilchrist, R. B., & Walters, K. A. (2021) · Journal of the Endocrine Society · doi:10.1210/jendso/bvab060 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
“Associated reproductive traits include luteinizing hormone hypersecretion, abnormal follicular development, reduced fertility, and an increased risk of miscarriage [2] while the adverse metabolic features comprise obesity, metabolic syndrome, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hepatic steatosis, a…”
BackgroundInfluentialGao, Y., Liu, H., Qiao, L., Liang, J., Yao, H., Lin, X., & Gao, Y. (2023) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare11040562 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
“Compelling evidence suggests that long-term complications of PCOS include endometrial cancer [6], hypertension [7], dyslipidemia [8], possible cardiovascular events [9], obesity [10], glucose intolerance, type 2 diabetes [11], metabolic syndrome [12], obstructive sleep apnea [13], non-alcoholic fatty liver disease [14…”
BackgroundWomen’s Suggestions for How To Reduce Weight Stigma in Prenatal Clinical Settings
Nagpal, T. S., da Silva, D. F., Liu, R. H., Myre, M., Gaudet, L., Cook, J. L., & Adamo, K. B. (2021) · Nursing for Women s Health · doi:10.1016/j.nwh.2021.01.008 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Qiu, Y., Zhang, X., & Ni, Y. (2022) · Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation · doi:10.1159/000521728 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Pyun, B., Yang, H. J., Sohn, E., Yu, S. Y., Lee, D., Jung, D. H., Ko, B., & Lee, H. W. (2018) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules23051173 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
“Polycystic ovary (PCO) is a serious condition that can lead to pelvic pain, infertility, obesity, and metabolic disorders [16,17,40].”
BackgroundSchoenaker, D. A. J. M., Vergouwe, Y., Soedamah‐Muthu, S. S., Callaway, L. K., & Mishra, G. D. (2018) · Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2018.09.021 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Letrozole for patients with polycystic ovary syndrome
Guang, H.-J., Li, F., & Shi, J. (2018) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000013038 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Bustami, M., Matalka, K. Z., Mallah, E., Abu-Qatouseh, L., Dayyih, W. A., Hussein, N., Safieh, N. A., Elyyan, Y., Hussein, N., & Arafat, T. (2021) · Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare · doi:10.2147/jmdh.s313172 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Placental mTOR Signaling and Sexual Dimorphism in Metabolic Health across the Lifespan of Offspring
Beetch, M., & Alejandro, E. U. (2021) · Children · doi:10.3390/children8110970 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Association between obesity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and adverse obstetric outcomes
Peeva, M., Badeghiesh, A. M., Baghlaf, H. A., & Dahan, M. H. (2022) · Reproductive BioMedicine Online · doi:10.1016/j.rbmo.2022.02.007 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Berberine—A Promising Therapeutic Approach to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Infertile/Pregnant Women
Ionescu, O.-M., Frîncu, F., Mehedintu, A. M., Plotogea, M., Cîrstoiu, M. M., Petca, A. T., Varlas, V. N., & Mehedințu, C. (2023) · Life · doi:10.3390/life13010125 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
“PCOS pregnant women with hyperandrogenism (a consequence of hyperinsulinemia) have a high risk of developing pregnancy hypertensive disorders due to testosterone’s ability to interfere with trophoblast invasion and placenta morphology and function [9].”
BackgroundPregnancy complications in infertile patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: updated evidence
Palomba, S., Falbo, A., Daolio, J., Battaglia, F. A., & La Sala, G. B. (2018) · Minerva Ginecologica · doi:10.23736/s0026-4784.18.04230-2 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Self-citationMazloom, B. F., Edalatmanesh, M. A., & Hosseini, S. E. (2019) · Comparative Clinical Pathology · doi:10.1007/s00580-019-02920-3 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Lifestyle and pregnancy complications in polycystic ovary syndrome: The SCOPE cohort study
Khomami, M. B., Moran, L., Kenny, L. C., Grieger, J. A., Myers, J., Poston, L., McCowan, L. M. E., Walker, J. J., Dekker, G., Norman, R. J., et al. (2019) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/cen.13954 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Polycystic ovary syndrome and pregnancy – From a clinical perspective
Vanky, E., & Løvvik, T. S. (2020) · Current Opinion in Endocrine and Metabolic Research · doi:10.1016/j.coemr.2020.01.005 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Zeng, X., Huang, Y., Zhang, M., Chen, Y., Ye, J., Han, Y., Ma, D., Zheng, X., Yan, X., & Liu, C. (2021) · Endocrine Connections · doi:10.1530/ec-21-0243 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Palomba, S., Costanzi, F., Caserta, D., & Vitagliano, A. (2024) · Reproductive BioMedicine Online · doi:10.1016/j.rbmo.2024.104381 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Self-citationArtimani, T., & Najafi, R. (2020) · Cell Biology International · doi:10.1002/cbin.11367 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Zhou, S., Ji, Y., & Wang, H. (2021) · BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · doi:10.1186/s12884-021-03808-3 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
“It often occurs in the middle and late stages of pregnancy [9].”
BackgroundPan, Q., Shen, X., Li, H., Zhu, B., Chen, D., & Pan, J. (2023) · BMC Women s Health · doi:10.1186/s12905-023-02622-7 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
“Central adiposity strongly influences prevalence and clinical severity of female reproductive disorders [14, 15].”
BackgroundSleep and obstructive sleep apnea in women with infertility
Ibrahim, S., Mehra, R., Tantibhedhyangkul, J., Bena, J., & Flyckt, R. L. (2023) · Sleep And Breathing · doi:10.1007/s11325-022-02770-4 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Silva, E. L., Lane, K. J., Cheng, J. J., Popp, Z., van Loenen, B. D., Coull, B. A., Hart, J. E., James-Todd, T. M., & Mahalingaiah, S. (2024) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgae705 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
“PCOS is the leading cause of infertility in reproductive-aged women, and women with PCOS have an increased risk of developing metabolic syndrome and its associated comorbidities, including diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and obesity, throughout their life course (3-5).”
Lee, J. H., & Jo, J. (2017) · Integrative Medicine Research · doi:10.1016/j.imr.2017.06.002 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Molecular role of peptides/proteins in subfertility of polycystic ovarian syndrome
Çelik, Ö., Aydın, S., Çelik, N., Uğur, K., Yavuzkır, Ş., Hatırnaz, Ş., Yardım, M., & Celik, S. (2019) · Cellular and Molecular Biology · doi:10.14715/cmb/2019.65.3.5 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Yao, K., Zheng, H., & Peng, H. (2023) · Endokrynologia Polska · doi:10.5603/ep.93291 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Wu, Y., Cai, M., Liang, X., et al. (2020) · Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology · doi:10.1080/01443615.2020.1819212 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
“Previous studies have reported that pregnant women with PCOS are susceptible to perinatal complications, including elevated risk of gestational diabetes, pregnancy-induced hypertension and preterm delivery (Joham et al. 2016).”
BackgroundAdverse obstetric outcomes in women with PCOS and multiple gestations
Peeva, M., Badeghiesh, A. M., Baghlaf, H. A., & Dahan, M. H. (2022) · Reproductive BioMedicine Online · doi:10.1016/j.rbmo.2022.10.009 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Yu, L., Wang, L., Tao, W., Zhang, W., Yang, S., Wang, J., Fei, J., Peng, R., Wu, Y., Zhen, X., et al. (2021) · Journal of genetics and genomics/Journal of Genetics and Genomics · doi:10.1016/j.jgg.2021.03.014 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Zhang, X., Miao, H., Zhou, J., Chen, Y., Ou, Y., Song, Y., Peng, X., Li, Y., & Li, L. (2023) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2023.1109861 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
“Other relevant studies have shown that the coexistence of hyperandrogenemia with insulin resistance and/or hyperinsulinemia may increase the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes such as miscarriage, fetal growth abnormalities, GDM, gestational hypertension, preterm delivery and postpartum hemorrhage in women with PCOS (…”
BackgroundYang, J., Liang, J., Xu, J., Lin, T., Ye, Q., Lin, Q., Ji, F., & Shi, D. (2024) · Reproductive Medicine and Biology · doi:10.1002/rmb2.12607 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
“10,11 Therefore, it is meaningful to explore the impact of dietary interventions on PCOS patients from the perspective of overweight and obesity.”
BackgroundKhaliq, S. A., Umair, Z., Baek, M., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.3389/fcell.2022.800181 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Fibrocystic Breast Disease: An Updated Review
Kunicki, M., & Smolarczyk, R. (2021) · Hormone and Metabolic Research · doi:10.1055/a-1392-0938 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Abaj, F., Mirzababaei, A., Hosseininasab, D., Bahrampour, N., Clark, C. C. T., & Mirzaei, K. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-12913-y · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: Impact on Adult and Fetal Health
Martini, A. E., & Healy, M. W. (2020) · Clinical Obstetrics & Gynecology · doi:10.1097/grf.0000000000000593 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Jiang, R., Cao, M., Hao, H., Jia, R., Chen, P., Liu, Y., & Zhao, Z. (2022) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2022.1079502 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“Obesity and overweight are known risk factors for cumulative ART outcomes (40), and PCOS patients are more likely to be obese and overweight, which contributes to diminished response to ART, adverse pregnancy outcomes and higher incidence of other complications (41, 42).”
BackgroundPolycystic Ovary Syndrome, Fertility, Diet, and Lifestyle Modifications
Boyd, M., & Ziegler, J. (2019) · Topics in Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1097/tin.0000000000000161 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Xuan, F., Ren, Y., Lu, J., Zhou, W., Jin, R., Chen, A., & Ye, Y. (2024) · Molecular Reproduction and Development · doi:10.1002/mrd.23741 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Sun, Y., Wang, W., Shen, Q., et al. (2018) · International Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1155/2018/6102085 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Motherhood and motivations for bariatric surgery – a qualitative study
Paul, R., Drott, J., Olbers, T., Frisk, J., & Andersson, E. (2022) · Human Fertility · doi:10.1080/14647273.2022.2045520 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
“Hyperandrogenism, hirsutism, anovulation, decreased fertility, irregular menstrual cycles, and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are common in women with obesity (Joham et al., 2016; Talmor & Dunphy, 2015).”
BackgroundAssociation of FSHR and DENND1A polymorphisms with polycystic ovary syndrome: a meta-analysis
Larsen, C. B., Kúdela, E., & Biringer, K. (2022) · JBRA · doi:10.5935/1518-0557.20220043 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
“Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders in women of reproductive age with 12 to 18% affected worldwide (Joham et al., 2016).”
BackgroundAlam, Z., Abdalla, M. A., Alseiari, S., Alameemi, M., Alzaabi, M., Alkhoori, R., Östlundh, L., & Al‐Rifai, R. H. (2023) · Women s Health · doi:10.1177/17455057231160940 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
“8 Infertility affects 8%–12% of people of reproductive age worldwide.”
BackgroundRuan, H., Zhang, Y., Tang, Q., Zhao, X., Zhao, X., Xiang, Y., Geng, W., Feng, Y., & Cai, W. (2023) · Food Science and Human Wellness · doi:10.26599/fshw.2022.9250021 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Bakhashab, S. (2021) · Bioinformation · doi:10.6026/97320630017904 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Valiani, M., Khaki, I., & Mohammadbeigi, A. (2019) · Clinical Cancer Investigation Journal · doi:10.4103/ccij.ccij_63_19 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Jiang, R., Yao, Y., Wang, T., Li, B., Jiang, P., Wang, F., & Qu, F. (2023) · Ginekologia Polska · doi:10.5603/gpl.92311 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Önder, A., Yılmaz, Ö. D., Çınar, A. S., & Kızılay, H. (2024) · BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS eBooks · doi:10.2174/9789815196801124030003 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Cavalcante, D. C. B., Scandolara, T. B., Kogure, G. S., Rodrigues, C. G., Verruma, C. G., de Moraes, M. O., dos Reis, R. M., Cavalcante, M. B., & Furtado, C. L. M. (2025) · Revista Brasileira Ginecologia e Obstetrícia · doi:10.61622/rbgo/2025rbgo56 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
“(35) Thus, regular exercise may be considered a viable treatment for women with PCOS, particularly those seeking conception.”
Yurci, A., GÜNGÖR, N. D., & GÜRBÜZ, T. (2021) · The Annals of Clinical and Analytical Medicine · doi:10.4328/acam.20628 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Raoof, I. B., Daoud, A. G., & Mohsin, R. A. (2018) · Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research · doi:10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i8.27238 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Prati, A., Genazzani, A. R., & Genazzani, A. D. (2021) · ISGE series · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-63650-0_5 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Hardy, T., Sousa, S. M. C. D., & Norman, R. J. (2017) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-801238-3.64524-5 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
PCOS as a generational disease - risks to mother and children
Gendek, K., Kozłowska, A., Dalmata, W., Gąbka, I., Dąbrowski, J., & Korzeniowska, A. (2023) · Journal of Education Health and Sport · doi:10.12775/jehs.2023.42.01.007 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Peeva, M., Badeghiesh, A. M., Baghlaf, H. A., & Dahan, M. H. (2025) · European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2025.114742 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Pei, Z., Deng, K., Cao, H., Ding, Z., Xu, C., & Zhang, S. (2026) · Journal of Ovarian Research · doi:10.1186/s13048-026-02023-y · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“PCOS is also intricately linked with metabolic abnormalities, including obesity, metabolic syndrome, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis, and dyslipidemia, enhancing the susceptibility to type-2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease [49, 50].”
Phung, T. M., Nguyen, H. C., Ho, D. N., Thach, T. M. H., Nguyen, T. P., Nguyen, V. N. T., Lâm, Đ. T., & Nguyen, T. H. (2026) · Middle East Fertility Society Journal · doi:10.1186/s43043-026-00340-2 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), recently renamed polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome (PMOS) [8], a leading cause of anovulatory infertility, have a higher risk of pregnancy-related complications and often require fertility treatment due to ovu-latory dysfunction [9–11].”
Mostinckx, L., Hofer, N., Lelie, M., Mackens, S., Segers, I., Beeckman, K., & Vos, M. D. (2026) · Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics · doi:10.1007/s10815-026-03934-x · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Hypertensive Diseases in Female and Pregnancy
Zhang, D., Wang, X., Qu, J., et al. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-15-0591-1_17 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Pregnancy in PCOS: course features and long-term results
Enkova, V. V., Enkova, E. V., Kiseleva, E., Khoperskaya, O. V., & Sencova, E. Y. (2020) · CONFERENCE MATERIALS · doi:10.18411/sciencepublic-15-02-2020-05 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
The Relationship Between Obesity and Level of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): Literature Review
Nurain, A. S., Basuki, S. W., Kurniati, Y. P., & Sintowati, R. (2022) · Advances in health sciences research/Advances in Health Sciences Research · doi:10.2991/ahsr.k.220403.030 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Comprehensive Assessment of the STIMs and Orais Expression in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Song, T., Li, P., Wang, Q., Hao, B., Wang, Y., Bian, Y., & Shi, Y. (2022) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2022.874987 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“In addition to female infertility, a wide range of pathological symptoms, such as insulin resistance, obesity, diabetes mellitus type II (T2DM), and hypertension, are common in women with PCOS (2, 3).”
BackgroundPalomba, S., & Fauser, B. C. J. M. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-45534-1_22 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citationBashir, K., Awan, N. R., Ahmad, M., Saif, S., & Aziz, Z. (2023) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-3301948/v1 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Contraceptive Choice in Women with PCOS
Fruzzetti, F., Fidecicchi, T., & Palla, G. (2021) · Trends in andrology and sexual medicine · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-70932-7_16
Physical activity and cardiovascular disease risk in women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Woodward, A. (2021) · Sheffield Hallam University · doi:10.7190/shu-thesis-00398
Santos, M. A., Machado, N. R. R. M., de Carvalho, P. G. B., Moreira, M. E. S., & Mota, F. P. C. (2023) · Revista Brasileira de Fisiologia do Exercício · doi:10.33233/rbfex.v22i1.5513
PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS AND OUTCOMES IN WOMEN WITH POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN SYNDROME
Rahim, G. (2022) · Journal of Sulaimani Medical College · doi:10.17656/jsmc.10367
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS): Exploring Its Impact on Obstetrical Outcomes
Vasa, R., Venkataraman, G., Gorman, K., Francis, R., Zwicklbauer, E., Fisher, J., Safovich, P., Dalloul, M., & Muneyyirci-Delale, O. (2024) · Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.4236/ojog.2024.148090
Association Between Obesity in Women, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Adverse Obstetric Outcome
Ginod, P., & Dahan, M. H. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-62491-9_6
Manoharan, V., & Wong, V. W. (2020) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.12858389
Pan, Q., Shen, X., Li, H., Zhu, B., Chen, D., & Pan, J. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.24078399
Wang, L., Liu, R., Yang, Z., Pan, J., & Huang, H. (2026) · Reproductive and Developmental Medicine · doi:10.1097/rd9.0000000000000159
Fan, C., Huang, S., Xiang, C., & Song, Y. (2026) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000049744
“[6] Insulin resistance (IR), a metabolic disorder characterized by the body’s diminished response to insulin, leading to compensatory hyperinsulinemia, is almost universally present in women with PCOS, regardless of body weight, and contributes to the pathogenesis of the syndrome.”
Deng, J., Tian, Y., Li, M., Yan, S., & Zhang, S. (2026) · The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine · doi:10.1080/14767058.2026.2685974
Gardner, H. R., Meyer, M. L., Wagner, J. K., Perreira, K., Zhou, L. Y., Daviglus, M., Cordero, C., Justice, A., & Fernández-Rhodes, L. (2026) · Frontiers in Genetics · doi:10.3389/fgene.2026.1801152
“PCOS is an endocrine disorder associated with multiple adverse health outcomes, including subfertility (Joham et al., 2016), MetS (Mortada and Williams, 2015; Lee et al., 2022; Moran and Norman, 2004), insulin resistance (Dunaif et al., 1996), CVD (Dokras, 2008), hypertension (Kim et al., 2023;…”
- Authors
- Joham, A., Palomba, S., & Hart, R.
- Affiliations
- Monash Health (AU)
- Unit of Gynecology & Obstetrics, IRCCS – Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia, Italy
- The University of Western Australia (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Hart, Roger
- Venue
- Seminars in Reproductive Medicine
- Publisher
- Georg Thieme Verlag KG
- Published
- 2016-02-08
- Volume
- 34
- Issue
- 02
- Pages
- 093-101
- ISSN
- 1526-4564 (ISSN-L)
- 1526-8004
- OpenAlex
- W2339187217
- Cited by
- 96
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 3
- FWCI
- 11.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Seminars in Reproductive Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UWA Profiles and Research Repository (UWA) (submittedVersion)
- IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Ovarian function and disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Keywords
- polycystic ovary syndrome, obesity, pregnancy, insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, subfertility, pregnancy complications, gestational diabetes mellitus, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, preterm birth, cesarean section, offspring risk, congenital malformations, abdominal obesity
- MeSH terms
- Maternal Health, Female, Fertility, Humans, Infertility, Female, Life Style, Maternal Health Services, Obesity, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Preventive Health Services, Risk Factors, Risk Assessment, Risk Reduction Behavior
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
