25 × 5 Symposium to reduce documentation burden: report-out and call for action
Open accessAbstract
Background The widespread adoption of electronic health records and a simultaneous increase in regulatory demands have led to an acceleration of documentation requirements among clinicians. The corresponding burden from documentation requirements is a central contributor to clinician burnout and can lead to an increased risk of suboptimal patient care. Objective To address the problem of documentation burden, the 25 by 5: Symposium to Reduce Documentation Burden on United States Clinicians by 75% by 2025 (Symposium) was organized to provide a forum for experts to discuss the current state of documentation burden and to identify specific actions aimed at dramatically reducing documentation burden for clinicians. Methods The Symposium consisted of six weekly sessions with 33 presentations. The first four sessions included panel presentations discussing the challenges related to documentation burden. The final two sessions consisted of breakout groups aimed at engaging attendees in establishing interventions for reducing clinical documentation burden. Steering Committee members analyzed notes from each breakout group to develop a list of action items. Results The Steering Committee synthesized and prioritized 82 action items into Calls to Action among three stakeholder groups: Providers and Health Systems, Vendors, and Policy and Advocacy Groups. Action items were then categorized into as short-, medium-, or long-term goals. Themes that emerged from the breakout groups' notes include the following: accountability, evidence is critical, education and training, innovation of technology, and other miscellaneous goals (e.g., vendors will improve shared knowledge databases). Conclusion The Symposium successfully generated a list of interventions for short-, medium-, and long-term timeframes as a launching point to address documentation burden in explicit action-oriented ways. Addressing interventions to reduce undue documentation burden placed on clinicians will necessitate collaboration among all stakeholders.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
A reduction in documentation burden would improve physician burnout and overall patient care.
“A reduction in documentation burden would function to improve physician burnout and overall patient care [2, 12].”
From Artificial Intelligence (AI) – Powered Documentation Systems in Healthcare: A Systematic Review (2025) · cites this paper as [12]
The Clinical Relevance Statement says reducing documentation burden could help address clinician burnout, with implications for patient care. The Conclusion describes improved patient safety and care delivery as a potential outcome. The claim applies this reasoning to physicians, who are included among the clinicians discussed, but presents the improvement as more certain than the source does. (LLM, conf=0.82)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Burnout and Medical Errors Among American Surgeons
Shanafelt, T. D., Balch, C. M., Bechamps, G., Russell, T., Dyrbye, L., Satele, D., Collicott, P., Novotny, P. J., Sloan, J., & Freischlag, J. (2010) · Annals of Surgery · doi:10.1097/sla.0b013e3181bfdab3 · Cited by 2,099 · see citing works
Ash, J. S. (2003) · Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association · doi:10.1197/jamia.m1471 · Cited by 1,789 · see citing works
Association of resident fatigue and distress with perceived medical errors
West, C. P. (2009) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2009.1389 · Cited by 999 · see citing works
Arndt, B. G., Beasley, J. W., Watkinson, M. D., Temte, J. L., Tuan, W.-J., Sinsky, C. A., & Gilchrist, V. J. (2017) · The Annals of Family Medicine · doi:10.1370/afm.2121 · Cited by 972 · see citing works
Nurse staffing, burnout, and health care-associated infection.
Cimiotti, J. P., Aiken, L. H., Sloane, D. M., & Wu, E. S. (2012) · American Journal of Infection Control · doi:10.1016/j.ajic.2012.02.029 · Cited by 763 · see citing works
Friedberg, M., Chen, P., Van Busum, K., Aunon, F., Pham, C., Caloyeras, J., Mattke, S., Pitchforth, E., Quigley, D., Brook, R., et al. (2014) · RAND Health Quarterly · doi:10.7249/rhq-03-04-01 · Cited by 707 · see citing works
Physician stress and burnout: the impact of health information technology
Gardner, R. L., Cooper, E., Haskell, J., Harris, D. A., Poplau, S., Kroth, P. J., & Linzer, M. (2019) · Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association · doi:10.1093/jamia/ocy145 · Cited by 566 · see citing works
Williams, E. S., Manwell, L. B., Konrad, T. R., & Linzer, M. (2007) · Health Care Management Review · doi:10.1097/01.hmr.0000281626.28363.59 · Cited by 517 · see citing works
Physician Burnout in the Electronic Health Record Era: Are We Ignoring the Real Cause?
Downing, N. L., Bates, D. W., & Longhurst, C. A. (2018) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/m18-0139 · Cited by 418 · see citing works
Taking Action Against Clinician Burnout
National Academies of Sciences, E. (2019) · National Academies Press eBooks · doi:10.17226/25521 · Cited by 383 · see citing works
The impact of electronic health record systems on clinical documentation times: a systematic review
Baumann, L. A., Baker, J., & Elshaug, A. G. (2018) · Health Policy · doi:10.1016/j.healthpol.2018.05.014 · Cited by 320 · see citing works
Moy, A. J., Schwartz, J. M., Chen, R., Sadri, S., Lucas, E., Cato, K. D., & Rossetti, S. C. (2021) · Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association · doi:10.1093/jamia/ocaa325 · Cited by 284 · see citing works
Self-citationPhysician Time Spent Using the Electronic Health Record During Outpatient Encounters
Overhage, J. M., & McCallie, D. P. (2020) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/m18-3684 · Cited by 249 · see citing works
Joukes, E., Abu-Hanna, A., Cornet, R., & de Keizer, N. (2018) · Applied Clinical Informatics · doi:10.1055/s-0037-1615747 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Thoele, K., Ferren, M. D., Moffat, L., Keen, A., & Newhouse, R. P. (2020) · Implementation Science Communications · doi:10.1186/s43058-020-00081-x · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Quantifying and Visualizing Nursing Flowsheet Documentation Burden in Acute and Critical Care.
(2018) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Self-citationPractice And Policy Reset Post-COVID-19: Reversion, Transition, Or Transformation?
Sinsky, C. A., & Linzer, M. (2020) · Health Affairs · doi:10.1377/hlthaff.2020.00612 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Automated Clinical Documentation
Banner, L., & Olney, C. M. (2009) · CIN Computers Informatics Nursing · doi:10.1097/ncn.0b013e318197287d · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Yee, T., Needleman, J., Pearson, M. L., Parkerton, P. H., Parkerton, M., & Wolstein, J. (2012) · CIN Computers Informatics Nursing · doi:10.1097/nxn.0b013e31824af835 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Frintner, M. P., Kaelber, D. C., Kirkendall, E. S., Lourie, E. M., Somberg, C. A., & Lehmann, C. U. (2021) · Applied Clinical Informatics · doi:10.1055/s-0041-1732402 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Resident Physician Experience and Duration of Electronic Health Record Use
Holmgren, A. J., Lindeman, B. M., & Ford, E. W. (2021) · Applied Clinical Informatics · doi:10.1055/s-0041-1732403 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Prioritizing Paperwork Over Patient Care: Why Can't We Do Both?
Siegler, J. E., Patel, N. N., & Dine, C. J. (2015) · Journal of Graduate Medical Education · doi:10.4300/jgme-d-14-00494.1 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Roberts, R. J., Alhammad, A., Crossley, L., Anketell, E., Wood, L., Schumaker, G. L., Garpestad, E., & Devlin, J. W. (2017) · Intensive and Critical Care Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.iccn.2017.02.002 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Moy, A. J., Schwartz, J., Withall, J. B., Lucas, E., Cato, K., Rosenbloom, S. T., Johnson, K. B., Murphy, J., Detmer, D. E., & Rossetti, S. C. (2021) · Applied Clinical Informatics · doi:10.1055/s-0041-1739518 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Self-citationTrauma Surgeons Save Lives—Scribes Save Trauma Surgeons!
Golob, J. F., Como, J. J., & Claridge, J. A. (2018) · The American Surgeon · doi:10.1177/000313481808400137 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Evaluating Electronic Health Record Limitations and Time Expenditure in a German Medical Center
de Hoop, T., & Neumuth, T. (2021) · Applied Clinical Informatics · doi:10.1055/s-0041-1739519 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Ptaszek, A., Deutsch, A. F., Li, Q., Cool, A., Smith, L., McMullen, T., & Pratt, M. (2018) · Innovation in Aging · doi:10.1093/geroni/igy023.098 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- [31]31. Rossetti Sarah Collins Rosenbloom ST, Levy DR, Cato KD, et al. Summary Report from the 25 By 5: Symposium Series to Reduce Documentation Burden on U.S. Clinicians by 75% by 2025.; 2021. https://www.dbmi.columbia.edu/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/ 25Â5-Summary-Report.pdf
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Documentation burden in nursing and its role in clinician burnout syndrome
Gesner, E., Dykes, P. C., Zhang, L., & Gazarian, P. (2022) · Applied Clinical Informatics · doi:10.1055/s-0042-1757157 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Artificial Intelligence (AI) – Powered Documentation Systems in Healthcare: A Systematic Review
Bracken, A., Reilly, C., Feeley, A., Sheehan, E., Merghani, K., & Feeley, I. (2025) · Journal of Medical Systems · doi:10.1007/s10916-025-02157-4 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Toward Alleviating Clinician Documentation Burden: A Scoping Review of Burden Reduction Efforts
Sloss, E. A., Abdul, S., Aboagyewah, M. A., Beebe, A., Kendle, K., Marshall, K., Rosenbloom, S. T., Rossetti, S. C., Grigg, A., Smith, K. D., et al. (2024) · Applied Clinical Informatics · doi:10.1055/s-0044-1787007 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Self-citationBaratta, L. R., Harford, D. R., Sinsky, C. A., Kannampallil, T., & Lou, S. S. (2023) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/48583 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
An AI ‐Enabled Nursing Future With no Documentation Burden: A Vision for a New Reality
Michalowski, M., Topaz, M., & Peltonen, L. (2025) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/jan.16911 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Levy, D. R., Withall, J. B., Mishuris, R. G., Tiase, V. L., Diamond, C., Douthit, B. J., Grabowska, M. E., Lee, R. Y., Moy, A. J., Sengstack, P. R., et al. (2024) · Applied Clinical Informatics · doi:10.1055/a-2385-1654 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Self-citationInterventions to Reduce Electronic Health Record-Related Burnout: A Systematic Review
Kang, C., & Sarkar, I. N. (2023) · Applied Clinical Informatics · doi:10.1055/a-2203-3787 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
The Effect of Ambient Artificial Intelligence Scribes on Trainee Documentation Burden
Wright, D. S., Kanaparthy, N. S., Melnick, E. R., Levy, D. R., Huot, S. J., Hsiao, A., Schwamm, L. H., & Ong, S. Y. (2025) · Applied Clinical Informatics · doi:10.1055/a-2647-1142 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Self-citationExplaining Variability in Electronic Health Record Effort in Primary Care Ambulatory Encounters
Overhage, J. M., Qeadan, F., Choi, E. H. E., Vos, D., & Kroth, P. J. (2024) · Applied Clinical Informatics · doi:10.1055/s-0044-1782228 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Reflections on the Documentation Burden Reduction AMIA Plenary Session through the Lens of 25 × 5
Levy, D. R., Sloss, E. A., Chartash, D., Corley, S. T., Mishuris, R. G., Rosenbloom, S. T., & Tiase, V. L. (2022) · Applied Clinical Informatics · doi:10.1055/a-1976-2052 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Self-citationFogleman, B. M., Goldman, M., Holland, A. B., Dyess, G. A., & Patel, A. (2024) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.58032 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Quantifying the Electronic Health Record Burden in Head and Neck Cancer Care
Ebbers, T., Kool, R. B., Smeele, L. E., Takes, R. P., van den Broek, G. B., & Dirven, R. J. (2022) · Applied Clinical Informatics · doi:10.1055/s-0042-1756422 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Clinical Informatics and the Electronic Medical Record
Abid, M., & Schneider, A. (2023) · Surgical Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.suc.2022.11.005 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Rajamani, G., Diethelm, M., Gunderson, M. A., Talluri, V. S. M., Motz, P. A., Steinhaus, J. M., LaFlamme, A., Jarabek, B., Christiaansen, T., Blade, J. T., et al. (2023) · Applied Clinical Informatics · doi:10.1055/s-0043-1767684 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Levy, D. R., Moy, A. J., Apathy, N., Adler-Milstein, J., Rotenstein, L., Nath, B., Rosenbloom, S. T., Kannampallil, T., Mishuris, R. G., Alexanian, A., et al. (2023) · Applied Clinical Informatics · doi:10.1055/a-2187-3243 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Self-citationLee, R. Y., Thate, J., Withall, J. B., Yen, P., Cato, K., & Rossetti, S. C. (2025) · Applied Clinical Informatics · doi:10.1055/a-2561-3960 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Self-citationFactors contributing to the quality of nursing care in Gauteng province hospitals
Sabelo, N. S., & Zuma, S. M. (2025) · Curationis · doi:10.4102/curationis.v48i1.2653 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Abda, R., Pietrzyk, G., Scott, P. W., & Fennimore, L. A. (2023) · CIN Computers Informatics Nursing · doi:10.1097/cin.0000000000001058 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Effect of an Electronic Health Record-Based Intervention on Documentation Practices
Shah, S., Bedgood, M., Devon-Sand, A., Dolphin-Dempsey, C., Cherukuri, V., Weng, K., Lin, S., & Sharp, C. (2024) · Applied Clinical Informatics · doi:10.1055/a-2367-8564 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Improving Nurse Documentation Time via an Electronic Health Record Documentation Efficiency Tool
Will, J. J., Jacques, D., Dauterman, D., Torres, R., Doty, G., O'Brien, K., & Groom, L. L. (2025) · Applied Clinical Informatics · doi:10.1055/a-2581-6172 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Decision Support to Improve Critical Care Services Documentation in an Academic Emergency Department
Turer, R. W., Champion, J. C., Rothman, B. S., Dunn, H. S., Jenkins, K. M., Everham, O., Barrett, T. W., Jones, I. D., Ward, M. J., & Miller, N. M. (2022) · Applied Clinical Informatics · doi:10.1055/a-1950-9032 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Moy, A. J., Withall, J. B., Hobensack, M., Lee, R. Y., Levy, D. R., Rossetti, S. C., Rosenbloom, S. T., Johnson, K. B., & Cato, K. (2023) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/45645 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Self-citationSupporting Nursing Efficiency by Understanding Workload: A Critical Need
Tiase, V. L., Kawamoto, K., & Sward, K. A. (2023) · Mayo Clinic Proceedings Digital Health · doi:10.1016/j.mcpdig.2023.11.002 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
do Nascimento, F. C., Fracaroli, Y. R., Costa, A. S., de Carvalho, E. C., Macieira, T. G. R., Silveira, T., da Silva, L. E., Chini, L. T., & Costa, I. C. P. (2025) · CIN Computers Informatics Nursing · doi:10.1097/cin.0000000000001400 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Electronic Health Record Strategies for Improving Nurse Documentation in the Hospital Setting
Panganiban, H. P., Cruz, A. D., & Jedwab, R. M. (2025) · CIN Computers Informatics Nursing · doi:10.1097/cin.0000000000001267 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Fairchild, V., Powers, E. M., Siew, L. T., Mistry, R. D., Tiyyagura, G. K., & Goldman, M. P. (2025) · Pediatric Emergency Care · doi:10.1097/pec.0000000000003445 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Evaluating Digitally Enabled Health Services
Gray, C. S., Shen, N., Phạm, Q., & Wiljer, D. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-87869-5_17 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Bunce, A., Morrissey, S. E., Gold, R. B., Donovan, J., Pisciotta, M., Gill, I. J., Watkins, S. L., McGrath, R., & Gottlieb, L. M. (2025) · SSM - Qualitative Research in Health · doi:10.1016/j.ssmqr.2025.100544 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
I’ m not burned out. This is how I write notes
Payne, T. H., & Turner, G. (2023) · JAMIA Open · doi:10.1093/jamiaopen/ooad099 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Encoding Clinical Pathways: The Impact Beyond the Target
Kim, E. Y., & Suh, E. H. (2025) · Cognitive informatics in biomedicine and healthcare · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-82971-0_20
Enabling Canadian Physician Wellness in the Age of Digital Innovation: What Do We Need to Succeed?
Tajirian, T., Lo, B., Tasca, A., Poynter, B., Zai, G. C., Strudwick, G., Chandrasena, C., Jessa, K., Shin, P., Maggi, J., et al. (2025) · Applied Clinical Informatics · doi:10.1055/a-2628-1323
Shoumi, M. N., Harada, K., Oshita, H., Sakashita, S., & Inoue, S. (2026) · doi:10.2196/preprints.93374
Technology-Enabled Crisis Care for Youth
Hoffman, P., & Ramtekkar, U. P. (2026) · Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.chc.2026.03.013
Gabriel, M. H., Richwine, C., Phillips, R. L., Bazemore, A., & Everson, J. (2026) · Journal of General Internal Medicine · doi:10.1007/s11606-026-10635-9
Merlino, A., Blue, A., Boose, E., Meese, B., Owens, J., Vickers, J., Angeloff, A., Arnold, M., Chen, R., Grade, M. M., et al. (2026) · npj Health Systems · doi:10.1038/s44401-026-00144-6
Waheed, L., Aktar, S., & Waseela, A. (2026) · Systems · doi:10.3390/systems14101311
- Authors
- Hobensack, M., Levy, D. R., Cato, K., Detmer, D. E., Johnson, K. B., Williamson, J., Murphy, J., Moy, A., Withall, J., Lee, R., Rossetti, S. C., & Rosenbloom, S. T.
- Affiliations
- Columbia University (US)
- Oregon Health & Science University (US)
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center (US)
- University of Virginia (US)
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- American Medical Informatics Association (US)
- Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
- Vanderbilt University (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Applied Clinical Informatics
- Publisher
- Georg Thieme Verlag KG
- Published
- 2022-03
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 02
- Pages
- 439-446
- ISSN
- 1869-0327 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC9095342
- OpenAlex
- W4280520120
- Semantic Scholar
- 4072e832bc8129bd6e9ce8a275b9aeca93027f9b
- Cited by
- 37
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 4
- FWCI
- 6.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Applied Clinical Informatics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- NLM (1R13LM013581)
- AMIA (5T15LM007079)
- The National Institute of Nursing Research (5T32NR007969)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Health Information Management › Electronic Health Records Systems
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Issues, ethics and legal aspects › Nursing Diagnosis and Documentation
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Health Information Management › Medical Coding and Health Information
- Keywords
- clinical documentation burden, electronic health records, clinician burnout, documentation requirements, stakeholder collaboration, health system accountability, regulatory requirements, call to action
- MeSH terms
- Burnout, Psychological, Burnout, Professional, Documentation, Humans, United States, Electronic Health Records, Research Report
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review