Cited by 1,517Birth, Development, and HealthDiabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and LipoproteinsObesity, Physical Activity, Diet

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Trajectories of Growth among Children Who Have Coronary Events as Adults

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Barker, David J.P., Osmond, Clive, Forsén, Tom J., Kajantie, Eero, Eriksson, Johan G.·2005·New England Journal of Medicine

DOI 10.1056/nejmoa044160

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Low birth weight is a risk factor for coronary heart disease. It is uncertain how postnatal growth affects disease risk. METHODS: We studied 8760 people born in Helsinki from 1934 through 1944. Childhood growth had been recorded. A total of 357 men and 87 women had been admitted to the hospital with coronary heart disease or had died from the disease. Coronary risk factors were measured in a subset of 2003 people. RESULTS: The mean body size of children who had coronary events as adults was below average at birth. At two years of age the children were thin; subsequently, their body-mass index (BMI) increased relative to that of other children and had reached average values by 11 years of age. In simultaneous regressions, the hazard ratios associated with a 1 SD increase in BMI were 0.76 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.66 to 0.87; P<0.001) at 2 years and 1.14 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.00 to 1.31; P=0.05) at 11 years among the boys. The corresponding figures for the girls were 0.62 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.46 to 0.82; P=0.001) and 1.35 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.02 to 1.78; P=0.04). Low BMI at 2 years of age and increased BMI from 2 to 11 years of age were also associated with raised fasting insulin concentrations (P<0.001 for both). CONCLUSIONS: On average, adults who had a coronary event had been small at birth and thin at two years of age and thereafter put on weight rapidly. This pattern of growth during childhood was associated with insulin resistance in later life. The risk of coronary events was more strongly related to the tempo of childhood gain in BMI than to the BMI attained at any particular age.

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Authors: Barker, D. J. P., Osmond, C., Forsén, T. J., Kajantie, E., & Eriksson, J. G.
Affiliations: Southampton General Hospital (GB)
ORCID: Osmond, Clive
Kajantie, Eero
Eriksson, Johan G.
Venue: New England Journal of Medicine
Publisher: Massachusetts Medical Society
Published: 2005-10-27
Volume: 353
Issue: 17
Pages: 1802-1809
ISSN: 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
1533-4406
DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa044160
OpenAlex: W2020985812
Cited by: 1,517
References: 21
Citations by year: 2026: 28 · 2025: 33 · 2024: 41 · 2023: 63 · 2022: 48 · 2021: 67 · 2020: 49 · 2019: 52 · 2018: 77 · 2017: 66 · 2016: 87 · 2015: 79 · 2014: 67 · 2013: 115 · 2012: 109
FWCI: 68.02
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: New England Journal of Medicine (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
ePrints Soton (University of Southampton) (acceptedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Birth, Development, and Health
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
Keywords: coronary artery disease, child growth, low birth weight, body mass index, rapid weight gain, insulin resistance, fasting insulin, coronary risk factors, sex differences
MeSH terms: Aged, Birth Weight, Child, Child, Preschool, Coronary Disease, Female, Growth, Humans, Hyperinsulinism, Infant, Newborn, Male, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Thinness, Cohort Studies, Weight Gain, Body Mass Index, Proportional Hazards Models

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Trajectories of Growth among Children Who Have Coronary Events as Adults

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