The DOI matches its Crossref record; 42 of the 42 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Lenalidomide after Stem-Cell Transplantation for Multiple Myeloma
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Data are lacking on whether lenalidomide maintenance therapy prolongs the time to disease progression after autologous hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation in patients with multiple myeloma. METHODS: Between April 2005 and July 2009, we randomly assigned 460 patients who were younger than 71 years of age and had stable disease or a marginal, partial, or complete response 100 days after undergoing stem-cell transplantation to lenalidomide or placebo, which was administered until disease progression. The starting dose of lenalidomide was 10 mg per day (range, 5 to 15). RESULTS: The study-drug assignments were unblinded in 2009, when a planned interim analysis showed a significantly longer time to disease progression in the lenalidomide group. At unblinding, 20% of patients who received lenalidomide and 44% of patients who received placebo had progressive disease or had died (P<0.001); of the remaining 128 patients who received placebo and who did not have progressive disease, 86 crossed over to lenalidomide. At a median follow-up of 34 months, 86 of 231 patients who received lenalidomide (37%) and 132 of 229 patients who received placebo (58%) had disease progression or had died. The median time to progression was 46 months in the lenalidomide group and 27 months in the placebo group (P<0.001). A total of 35 patients who received lenalidomide (15%) and 53 patients who received placebo (23%) died (P=0.03). More grade 3 or 4 hematologic adverse events and grade 3 nonhematologic adverse events occurred in patients who received lenalidomide (P<0.001 for both comparisons). Second primary cancers occurred in 18 patients who received lenalidomide (8%) and 6 patients who received placebo (3%). CONCLUSIONS: Lenalidomide maintenance therapy, initiated at day 100 after hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation, was associated with more toxicity and second cancers but a significantly longer time to disease progression and significantly improved overall survival among patients with myeloma. (Funded by the National Cancer Institute; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00114101.).
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“Lenalidomide is the standard of care for maintenance therapy for most patients.142–147”
From Multiple myeloma: 2024 update on diagnosis, risk-stratification, and management (2024) · cites this paper as [143]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“Patients who have disease progression while not on treatment with lenalidomide can often be re-treated effectively with this agent37,38, sometimes multiple times, and typically in combination with proteasome inhibitors such as carfilzomib39 and ixazomib40 or with daratumumab41.”
From Cancer therapies based on targeted protein degradation — lessons learned with lenalidomide (2021) · cites this paper as [37]
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Metadata
- Authors
- McCarthy, P. L., Owzar, K., Hofmeister, C. C., Hurd, D. D., Hassoun, H., Richardson, P. G., Giralt, S., Stadtmauer, E. A., Weisdorf, D. J., Vij, R., Moreb, J. S., Callander, N. S., Van Besien, K., Gentile, T., Isola, L., Maziarz, R. T., Gabriel, D. A., Bashey, A., Landau, H., Martin, T., Qazilbash, M. H., Levitan, D., McClune, B., Schlossman, R., Hars, V., Postiglione, J., Jiang, C., Bennett, E., Barry, S., Bressler, L., Kelly, M., Seiler, M., Rosenbaum, C., Hari, P., Pasquini, M. C., Horowitz, M. M., Shea, T. C., Devine, S. M., Anderson, K. C., & Linker, C.
- Affiliations
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center (US)
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center – Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute (US)
- Duke University (US)
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (US)
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (US)
- Abramson Cancer Center (US)
- University of Minnesota Medical Center (US)
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- University of Florida (US)
- University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
- State University of New York (US)
- Mount Sinai Hospital (US)
- Oregon Health & Science University (US)
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- BMT Group (United States) (US)
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (US)
- University of Chicago (US)
- University of Chicago Medical Center (US)
- Medical College of Wisconsin (US)
- ORCID
- McCarthy, Philip L.
- Owzar, Kouros
- Hofmeister, Craig C.
- Hassoun, Hani
- Richardson, Paul G.
- Giralt, Sergio
- Stadtmauer, Edward A.
- Weisdorf, Daniel J.
- Vij, Ravi
- Moreb, Jan S.
- Callander, Natalie Scott
- Gentile, Teresa
- Isola, Luis
- Maziarz, Richard T.
- Landau, Heather
- Martin, Thomas
- Qazilbash, Muzaffar H.
- McClune, Brian
- Jiang, Chen
- Bennett, Elizabeth
- Kelly, Michael
- Rosenbaum, Cara
- Hari, Parameswaran
- Pasquini, Marcelo C.
- Horowitz, Mary M.
- Devine, Steven M.
- Anderson, Kenneth C.
- Venue
- New England Journal of Medicine
- Publisher
- Massachusetts Medical Society
- Published
- 2012-05-10
- Volume
- 366
- Issue
- 19
- Pages
- 1770-1781
- ISSN
- 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
- 1533-4406
- PMC
- PMC3744390
- OpenAlex
- W2125721471
- Semantic Scholar
- b20a8f57aae32a45c1804976b107b4ba1609688f
- Cited by
- 1,147
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 28 · 2025: 30 · 2024: 40 · 2023: 40 · 2022: 51 · 2021: 74 · 2020: 81 · 2019: 70 · 2018: 82 · 2017: 104 · 2016: 107 · 2015: 100 · 2014: 113 · 2013: 144 · 2012: 81
- FWCI
- 93.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- New England Journal of Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Digital Commons@Becker (Washington University School of Medicine) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (U10HL069334, U10HL069301, U10HL069348, U10HL109526, U01HL069294, U10HL069294, U10HL069330, U10HL069315, U10HL069290, U10HL069286, UG1HL069286, UG1HL069315)
- National Cancer Institute (U10CA033601, P50CA100707, U10CA031946, U10CA021115, U24CA076518)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Multiple Myeloma Research and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Bone health and treatments
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protein Degradation and Inhibitors
- Keywords
- lenalidomide, multiple myeloma, autologous stem cell transplantation, maintenance therapy, time to progression, overall survival, secondary malignancies, hematologic adverse events, drug toxicity
- MeSH terms
- Lenalidomide, Adult, Aged, Antineoplastic Agents, Double-Blind Method, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Multiple Myeloma, Thalidomide, Neoplasms, Second Primary, Disease-Free Survival, Stem Cell Transplantation, Maintenance Chemotherapy
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