The DOI matches its Crossref record; 34 of the 34 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Metformin versus Placebo in Obese Pregnant Women without Diabetes Mellitus
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Obesity is associated with an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Lifestyle-intervention studies have not shown improved outcomes. Metformin improves insulin sensitivity and in pregnant patients with gestational diabetes it leads to less weight gain than occurs in those who do not take metformin. METHODS: In this double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, we randomly assigned pregnant women without diabetes who had a body-mass index (BMI; the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters) of more than 35 to receive metformin, at a dose of 3.0 g per day, or placebo (225 women in each group) from 12 to 18 weeks of gestation until delivery. The BMI was calculated at the time of study entry (12 to 18 weeks of gestation). The primary outcome was a reduction in the median neonatal birth-weight z score by 0.3 SD (equivalent to a 50% reduction, from 20% to 10%, in the incidence of large-for-gestational-age neonates). Secondary outcomes included maternal gestational weight gain and the incidence of gestational diabetes and of preeclampsia, as well as the incidence of adverse neonatal outcomes. Randomization was performed with the use of computer-generated random numbers. The analysis was performed according to the intention-to-treat principle. RESULTS: A total of 50 women withdrew consent during the trial, which left 202 women in the metformin group and 198 in the placebo group. There was no significant between-group difference in the median neonatal birth-weight z score (0.05 in the metformin group [interquartile range, -0.71 to 0.92] and 0.17 in the placebo group [interquartile range, -0.62 to 0.89], P=0.66). The median maternal gestational weight gain was lower in the metformin group than in the placebo group (4.6 kg [interquartile range, 1.3 to 7.2] vs. 6.3 kg [interquartile range, 2.9 to 9.2], P<0.001), as was the incidence of preeclampsia (3.0% vs. 11.3%; odds ratio, 0.24; 95% confidence interval, 0.10 to 0.61; P=0.001). The incidence of side effects was higher in the metformin group than in the placebo group. There were no significant between-group differences in the incidence of gestational diabetes, large-for-gestational-age neonates, or adverse neonatal outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Among women without diabetes who had a BMI of more than 35, the antenatal administration of metformin reduced maternal weight gain but not neonatal birth weight. (Funded by the Fetal Medicine Foundation; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01273584; EudraCT number, 2008-005892-83.).
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“In the Fetal Medicine Foundation trial, almost 80% of women took at least 50% of the total number of tablets prescribed, and 91% of those prescribed more than 2.5 g/day did so(96).”
From Metformin, the Aspirin of the 21st Century: Its Role in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Prevention of Preeclampsia and Cancer, and the Promotion of Longevity (2017) · cites this paper as [96]
In the citing paper
“In the Fetal Medicine Foundation trial, women had a higher BMI (>35 kg/m2 vs. >30 kg/m2), were treated with a higher starting and maximum dose of metformin, and were more compliant than women in the EMPOWaR trial(95, 96).”
From Metformin, the Aspirin of the 21st Century: Its Role in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Prevention of Preeclampsia and Cancer, and the Promotion of Longevity (2017) · cites this paper as [96]
In the citing paper
“Although metformin did not reduce the frequency of LGA neonates, it significantly reduced the frequency of preeclampsia and maternal weight gain, although not the rate of gestational diabetes(96).”
From Metformin, the Aspirin of the 21st Century: Its Role in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Prevention of Preeclampsia and Cancer, and the Promotion of Longevity (2017) · cites this paper as [96]
In the citing paper
“It is also noteworthy that only 13% (443/3329) of eligible patients consented to participate in the EMPOWaR study, whereas 47% (400/844) of eligible women were recruited to the Fetal Medicine Foundation study, making the latter group more representative of women who meet the study’s eligibility criteria and to whom the study’s results apply.”
From Metformin, the Aspirin of the 21st Century: Its Role in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Prevention of Preeclampsia and Cancer, and the Promotion of Longevity (2017) · cites this paper as [96]
In the citing paper
“In the Fetal Medicine Foundation trial, almost 80% of women took at least 50% of the total number of tablets prescribed, and 91% of those prescribed more than 2.5 g/day did so(96).”
From Metformin, the Aspirin of the 21st Century: Its Role in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Prevention of Preeclampsia and Cancer, and the Promotion of Longevity (2017) · cites this paper as [96]
In the citing paper
“Although metformin did not reduce the frequency of LGA neonates, it significantly reduced the frequency of preeclampsia and maternal weight gain, although not the rate of gestational diabetes(96).”
From Metformin, the Aspirin of the 21st Century: Its Role in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Prevention of Preeclampsia and Cancer, and the Promotion of Longevity (2017) · cites this paper as [96]
In the citing paper
“Although metformin did not reduce the frequency of LGA neonates, it significantly reduced the frequency of preeclampsia and maternal weight gain, although not the rate of gestational diabetes(96).”
From Metformin, the Aspirin of the 21st Century: Its Role in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Prevention of Preeclampsia and Cancer, and the Promotion of Longevity (2017) · cites this paper as [96]
In the citing paper
“In the Fetal Medicine Foundation trial, women had a higher BMI (>35 kg/m2 vs. >30 kg/m2), were treated with a higher starting and maximum dose of metformin, and were more compliant than women in the EMPOWaR trial(95, 96).”
From Metformin, the Aspirin of the 21st Century: Its Role in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Prevention of Preeclampsia and Cancer, and the Promotion of Longevity (2017) · cites this paper as [96]
In the citing paper
“Although metformin did not reduce the frequency of LGA neonates, it significantly reduced the frequency of preeclampsia and maternal weight gain, although not the rate of gestational diabetes(96).”
From Metformin, the Aspirin of the 21st Century: Its Role in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Prevention of Preeclampsia and Cancer, and the Promotion of Longevity (2017) · cites this paper as [96]
In the citing paper
“In the Fetal Medicine Foundation trial, women had a higher BMI (>35 kg/m2 vs. >30 kg/m2), were treated with a higher starting and maximum dose of metformin, and were more compliant than women in the EMPOWaR trial(95, 96).”
From Metformin, the Aspirin of the 21st Century: Its Role in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Prevention of Preeclampsia and Cancer, and the Promotion of Longevity (2017) · cites this paper as [96]
Citations
Cites
Ng, M., Fleming, T., Robinson, M., Thomson, B., Graetz, N., Margono, C., Mullany, E. C., Biryukov, S., Abbafati, C., Abera, S. F., et al. (2014) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(14)60460-8 · Cited by 11,952
Hyperglycemia and adverse pregnancy outcomes
(2008) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa0707943 · Cited by 5,563
Brown, M. A., Lindheimer, M. D., de Swiet, M., Assche, A. V., & Moutquin, J. (2001) · Hypertension in Pregnancy · doi:10.1081/prg-100104165 · Cited by 1,894
Maternal obesity and pregnancy outcome: a study of 287 213 pregnancies in London
Sebire, N. J., Jolly, M., Harris, J. P., Wadsworth, J., Joffe, M., Beard, R. W., Regan, L., & Robinson, S. (2001) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0801670 · Cited by 1,740
Brown, M. A., Lindheimer, M. D., de SWIET, M., et al. (2001) · Hypertension in Pregnancy · doi:10.3109/10641950109152635 · Cited by 1,369
Metformin versus insulin for the treatment of gestational diabetes
Rowan, J. A., Hague, W. M., Gao, W., Battin, M. R., & Moore, M. P. (2008) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa0707193 · Cited by 1,291
Yu, Z., Han, S., Zhu, J., Sun, X., Ji, C., & Guo, X. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0061627 · Cited by 851
Catalano, P., & Ehrenberg, H. M. (2006) · BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology · doi:10.1111/j.1471-0528.2006.00989.x · Cited by 828
Thangaratinam, S., Rogozinska, E., Jolly, K., Glinkowski, S., Roseboom, T., Tomlinson, J. W., Kunz, R., Mol, B. W., Coomarasamy, A., & Khan, K. S. (2012) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.e2088 · Cited by 802
Poston, L., Bell, R., Croker, H., Flynn, A. C., Godfrey, K. M., Goff, L., Hayes, L., Khazaezadeh, N., Nelson, S. M., Oteng-Ntim, E., et al. (2015) · The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/s2213-8587(15)00227-2 · Cited by 642
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Barton JR, 2015, Am J Perinatol, 32, 615
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–200 of 397
Action Mechanism of Metformin and Its Application in Hematological Malignancy Treatments: A Review
Zhang, Y., Zhou, F., Guan, J., Zhou, L., & Chen, B. (2023) · Biomolecules · doi:10.3390/biom13020250 · Cited by 38
Lopian, M., Ligumsky, L. K., & Many, A. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm12144701 · Cited by 33
Nutrition as Prevention Factor of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Narrative Review
Mierzyński, R., Poniedziałek‐Czajkowska, E., Sotowski, M., & Szydełko-Gorzkowicz, M. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13113787 · Cited by 35
An overview of diabetes mellitus in pregnant women with obesity
Bashir, M., Fagier, Y., Ahmed, B., & Konje, J. C. (2024) · Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology · doi:10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102469 · Cited by 34
Valdés, E., Sepúlveda-Martínez, Á., Paula Candia, P., Abusada, N., Orellana, R., Manukian, B., & Cuellar, E. (2017) · Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research · doi:10.1111/jog.13477 · Cited by 30
Optimizing reproductive health in women with obesity and infertility
Belan, M., Harnois-Leblanc, S., Laferrère, B., & Baillargeon, J.-P. (2018) · Canadian Medical Association Journal · doi:10.1503/cmaj.171233 · Cited by 29
Coyne, L., & Stockdale, C. K. (2017) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316662571.036 · Cited by 29
Elmaraezy, A., Abushouk, A. I., Emara, A., Elshahat, O., Ahmed, H., & Mostafa, M. I. (2017) · International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine (IJRM) · doi:10.29252/ijrm.15.8.461 · Cited by 30
Quotah, O. F., Andreeva, D., Nowak, K. G., Dalrymple, K. V., Almubarak, A., Patel, A. N., Vyas, N. D., Çakır, G. S., Heslehurst, N., Bell, Z., et al. (2024) · Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome · doi:10.1186/s13098-023-01217-4 · Cited by 29
Pascual‐Morena, C., Cavero‐Redondo, I., Álvarez‐Bueno, C., Lucerón‐Lucas‐Torres, M., Sanabria‐Martínez, G., Poyatos‐León, R., Rodríguez‐Martin, B., & Martínez‐Vizcaíno, V. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm10163490 · Cited by 28
Linder, T., Eder, A., Monod, C., Rosicky, I., Eppel, D., Redling, K., Geissler, F., Huhn, E. A., Hösli, I., & Göbl, C. S. (2022) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2022.799625 · Cited by 28
Tosti, G., Barberio, A., Tartaglione, L., Rizzi, A., Leo, M. A. S. D., Viti, L., Sirico, A., Carolis, S. D., Pontecorvi, A., Lanzone, A., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2023.1176623 · Cited by 29
Pregnancy outcome after first-trimester exposure to metformin: A prospective cohort study
Scherneck, S., Schlinke, N. F., Beck, E., Grupe, K., Weber‐Schoendorfer, C., & Schaefer, C. (2018) · Reproductive Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.reprotox.2018.07.004 · Cited by 28
Metformin combats obesity by targeting FTO in an m 6 A-YTHDF2-dependent manner
Liao, X., Liu, J., Chen, Y., Liu, Y., Chen, W., Zeng, B., Liu, Y., Luo, Y., Huang, C., Guo, G., et al. (2022) · Journal of drug targeting · doi:10.1080/1061186x.2022.2071906 · Cited by 27
Sciacca, L., Bianchi, C., Burlina, S., Formoso, G., Manicardi, E., Sculli, M. A., & Resi, V. (2023) · Acta Diabetologica · doi:10.1007/s00592-023-02137-5 · Cited by 28
Xu, Q., & Xie, Q. (2019) · Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics · doi:10.1007/s00404-019-05124-w · Cited by 24
D’Ambrosio, V., Brunelli, R., Vena, F., Mascio, D. D., Marchetti, C., Boccherini, C., Piccioni, M. G., Panici, P. B., & Giancotti, A. (2019) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.3164 · Cited by 24
Pharmacological treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus: point/counterpoint
Langer, O. (2018) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2018.01.024 · Cited by 24
Zhang, M., Yang, B., Sun, Y., Qian, Z. M., Xaverius, P. K., Aaron, H. E., Liu, R., Zhao, X., Zhang, Z., Dong, G., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.933654 · Cited by 23
Moran, L., Fraser, L. M., Sundernathan, T., Deussen, A. R., Louise, J., Yelland, L. N., Grivell, R. M., Macpherson, A., Gillman, M. W., Robinson, J. S., et al. (2017) · BMC Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12916-017-0790-z · Cited by 22
Madar-Shapiro, L., Karady, I., Trahtenherts, A., Syngelaki, A., Akolekar, R., Poon, L. C., Cohen, R., Sharabi‐Nov, A., Huppertz, B., Sammar, M., et al. (2017) · Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy · doi:10.1159/000477933 · Cited by 22
Self-citationSales, W., Nascimento, I. B., Dienstmann, G., de Souza, M. L. R., da Silva, G. D., & Silva, J. (2018) · Gynecologie et obstetrique · doi:10.1055/s-0038-1642632 · Cited by 24
Schoenaker, D. A. J. M., Vergouwe, Y., Soedamah‐Muthu, S. S., Callaway, L. K., & Mishra, G. D. (2018) · Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2018.09.021 · Cited by 22
Metformin triggers PYY secretion in human gut mucosa
Sun, E. W. L., Martin, A. M., Wattchow, D. A., DeFontgalland, D., Rabbitt, P., Hollington, P., Young, R. L., & Keating, D. J. (2019) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2018-02460 · Cited by 23
Giving a good start to a new life via maternal brain allostatic adaptations in pregnancy
Russell, J. A., & Brunton, P. J. (2019) · Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2019.02.003 · Cited by 24
Fougner, S. L., Vanky, E., Løvvik, T. S., & Carlsen, S. M. (2021) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0254895 · Cited by 23
Cremona, A., O’Gorman, C. S., Ismail, K. I., Hayes, K., Donnelly, A., Hamilton, J. K., & Cotter, A. M. (2021) · Clinical Nutrition ESPEN · doi:10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.08.002 · Cited by 21
Monod, C., Kotzaeridi, G., Linder, T., Yerlikaya‐Schatten, G., Wegener, S., Mosimann, B., Henrich, W., Tura, A., & Göbl, C. S. (2023) · Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/aogs.14688 · Cited by 21
Balani, J., Hyer, S. L., Syngelaki, A., Akolekar, R., Nicolaides, K. H., Johnson, A., & Shehata, H. A. (2017) · Obstetric Medicine · doi:10.1177/1753495x17725465 · Cited by 20
Self-citationHuhtala, M. S., Tertti, K., Juhila, J., Sorsa, T. A., & Rönnemaa, T. (2020) · BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · doi:10.1186/s12884-020-03077-6 · Cited by 21
Effects of metformin treatment on pregnancy outcomes in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome
Raperport, C., Chronopoulou, E., & Homburg, R. (2021) · Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1080/17446651.2021.1889366 · Cited by 21
Metformin ameliorates maternal high-fat diet-induced maternal dysbiosis and fetal liver apoptosis
Huang, S., Ou, Y., Tang, K.-S., Yu, H., Huang, L., Tain, Y., Lin, I.-C., Sheen, J., Hou, C., Tsai, C., et al. (2021) · Lipids in Health and Disease · doi:10.1186/s12944-021-01521-w · Cited by 20
Attenuation of maternal weight gain impacts infant birthweight: systematic review and meta-analysis
Bennett, C., Walker, R., Blumfield, M., Ma, J., Wang, F., Wan, Y., Gwini, S. M., & Truby, H. (2018) · Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease · doi:10.1017/s2040174418000879 · Cited by 22
Effects of metformin on body weight in polycystic ovary syndrome patients: model-based meta-analysis
Chen, X., He, S., & Wang, D. (2020) · Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1080/17512433.2021.1863788 · Cited by 20
Prevention of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy—Is There a Place for Metformin?
Poniedziałek‐Czajkowska, E., Mierzyński, R., Dłuski, D. F., & Leszczyńska‐Gorzelak, B. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm10132805 · Cited by 20
Tuytten, R., Syngelaki, A., Thomas, G. R., Panigassi, A. P., Brown, L. W., Ortea, P., & Nicolaides, K. H. (2022) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2022.12.012 · Cited by 22
Self-citationGestational diabetes mellitus—right person, right treatment, right time?
Lindsay, R. S., Mackin, S. T., & Nelson, S. M. (2017) · BMC Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12916-017-0925-2 · Cited by 22
McGrath, R. T., Glastras, S. J., SCOTT, E. S., HOCKING, S. L., & Fulcher, G. R. (2018) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm7030050 · Cited by 19
Managing obesity in pregnancy – An obstetric and midwifery perspective
Dodd, J. M., & Briley, A. L. (2017) · Midwifery · doi:10.1016/j.midw.2017.03.001 · Cited by 21
Kagan, K. O., Sonek, J., Wagner, P., & Hoopmann, M. (2017) · Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics · doi:10.1007/s00404-017-4460-3 · Cited by 18
do Nascimento, I. B., Dienstmann, G., de Souza, M. L. R., Fleig, R., Hoffmann, C. B. P. C., & Silva, J. C. (2018) · Revista Brasileira Ginecologia e Obstetrícia · doi:10.1055/s-0038-1675214 · Cited by 20
do Nascimento, I. B., Sales, W. B., Dienstmann, G., de Souza, M. L. R., Fleig, R., & Silva, J. C. (2020) · Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.20945/2359-3997000000251 · Cited by 19
Insulin Resistance in Pregnancy: Implications for Mother and Offspring
Hernandez, T. L., Friedman, J. E., & Barbour, L. A. (2019) · Contemporary Endocrinology · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-25057-7_5 · Cited by 19
Wan, R., Yao, P., Wang, Y., Zhang, L., Guo, W., Du, M., Wang, Y., Shi, W., & Li, W. (2024) · BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · doi:10.1186/s12884-023-06211-2 · Cited by 19
Zhang, Y., Liu, X., Yang, L., & Zou, L. (2020) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.596145 · Cited by 16
Anthropometrics of neonates born to mothers with PCOS with metformin or placebo exposure in utero
Nilsen, G. Ø., Simpson, M. R., Hanem, L. G. E., Løvvik, T. S., Ødegård, R. A., Stokkeland, L. M. T., Andersen, M., Júlíusson, P. B., & Vanky, E. (2023) · Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/aogs.14637 · Cited by 15
Angiogenic Dysregulation in Pregnancy-Related Hypertension—A Role for Metformin
Soobryan, N., Murugesan, S., Arunagiri, P., Moodley, J., & Mackraj, I. (2018) · Reproductive Sciences · doi:10.1177/1933719118773484 · Cited by 16
Anness, A. R., Baldo, A., Webb, D. R., Khalil, A. A., Robinson, T. G., & Mousa, H. (2021) · Placenta · doi:10.1016/j.placenta.2021.02.021 · Cited by 16
Metformin in gestational diabetes mellitus: A double‐blind placebo‐controlled randomized trial
Tew, M. P., Tan, P. C., Saaid, R., Hong, J. G. S., & Omar, S. Z. (2021) · International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics · doi:10.1002/ijgo.13718 · Cited by 19
Metformin in obese pregnancy has no adverse effects on cardiovascular risk in early childhood
Liu, Y., Lacey, L., Whyte, S., Quenby, S. M., Denison, F. C., Dhaun, N., Norman, J. E., Drake, A. J., & Reynolds, R. M. (2021) · Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease · doi:10.1017/s2040174421000301 · Cited by 18
Meiri, H., Osol, G., Cetin, I., Gizurarson, S. S., & Huppertz, B. (2017) · Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal · doi:10.1016/j.csbj.2017.09.002 · Cited by 15
Mousa, A., Løvvik, T. S., Nikkinen, H., Carlsen, S. M., Morin-Papunen, L. C., Tertti, K., Rönnemaa, T., Syngelaki, A., Nicolaides, K. H., Shehata, H. A., et al. (2020) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-036981 · Cited by 16
Self-citationMetformin in gynecological disorders: pathogenic insights and therapeutic implications
Nie, P., Wang, M., Mo, Y., Zhou, H., Zha, Q., Lash, G. E., & Li, P. (2025) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2025.1526709 · Cited by 19
Kidney health outcomes of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy
Piccoli, G. B., Torreggiani, M., Schwotzer, N., Cabiddu, G., Attini, R., Orozco-Guillén, A., Shemies, R. S., Jesudason, S., Fakhouri, F., & Garovic, V. D. (2025) · Nature Reviews Nephrology · doi:10.1038/s41581-025-00977-8 · Cited by 16
Alhusayen, R. O., Dienes, S., Lam, M., Alavi, A., Alikhan, A., Aleshin, M. A., Bahashwan, E., Daveluy, S. D., Goldfarb, N. I., Garg, A., et al. (2024) · Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2024.11.071 · Cited by 16
Novel therapies for diabetes mellitus in pregnancy
Feghali, M. N., & Scifres, C. (2018) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.k2034 · Cited by 16
Fetal Growth and Birth Anthropometrics in Metformin-Exposed Offspring Born to Mothers With PCOS
Hjorth‐Hansen, A. K., Salvesen, Ø. O., Hanem, E., Eggebø, T. M., Salvesen, K., Vanky, E., & Ødegård, R. A. (2018) · Yearbook of pediatric endocrinology · doi:10.1530/ey.15.2.21 · Cited by 15
Deussen, A. R., Louise, J., & Dodd, J. M. (2022) · Pediatric Obesity · doi:10.1111/ijpo.12974 · Cited by 14
Research progress on the therapeutic effect and mechanism of metformin for lung cancer (Review)
Han, P., Zhou, J., Xiang, J., Liu, Q., & Sun, K. (2022) · Oncology Reports · doi:10.3892/or.2022.8440 · Cited by 16
Prevention of obesity and diabetes in pregnancy: is it an impossible dream?
Langer, O. (2018) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2018.03.014 · Cited by 17
Longer-term outcomes in offspring of GDM mothers treated with metformin versus insulin
Zhen, X. M., Li, X., & Chen, C. (2018) · Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2018.07.002 · Cited by 16
Grimaldi, B., Kohan‐Ghadr, H., Halari, C. D., Nandi, P., Kingdom, J. C., & Drewlo, S. (2023) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/hypertensionaha.123.21645 · Cited by 14
Prevention of Excessive Gestational Weight Gain and Postpartum Weight Retention
Nicodemus, N. A. (2018) · Current Obesity Reports · doi:10.1007/s13679-018-0312-0 · Cited by 16
Metformin impairs trophoblast metabolism and differentiation in a dose-dependent manner
Nashif, S. K., Mahr, R. M., Jena, S., Jo, S., Nelson, A. B., Sadowski, D., Crawford, P. A., Puchalska, P., Alejandro, E. U., Gearhart, M. D., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.3389/fcell.2023.1167097 · Cited by 16
Management of Hypertension in the Obese Pregnant Patient
Coroyannakis, C., & Khalil, A. A. (2019) · Current Hypertension Reports · doi:10.1007/s11906-019-0927-x · Cited by 14
A narrative review of metformin in pregnancy: Navigating benefit and uncertainty
McEvoy, R. P., Newman, C., Egan, A. M., & Dunne, F. (2025) · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.16361 · Cited by 13
Cheng, Y., Zhan, P., Lü, J., Lu, Y., Luo, C., Cen, X., Wang, F., Xie, C., & Yin, Z. (2023) · Liver International · doi:10.1111/liv.15611 · Cited by 13
Fu, J. M., Tabbara, N., TOMLINSON, G. A., Murphy, K. E., Hamilton, J. K., & Feig, D. S. (2025) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2024-088653 · Cited by 14
Sun, X., Tavenier, A., Deng, W., Leishman, E., Bradshaw, H. B., & Dey, S. K. (2017) · Biology of Reproduction · doi:10.1093/biolre/iox164 · Cited by 13
Drugs to Control Diabetes During Pregnancy
Feghali, M. N., Umans, J. G., & Catalano, P. M. (2019) · Clinics in Perinatology · doi:10.1016/j.clp.2019.02.005 · Cited by 13
Bodier, L., Lous, M. L., Isly, H., Derrien, C., & Vaduva, P. (2025) · Diabetes & Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.diabet.2025.101622 · Cited by 17
Cremona, A., Hayes, K., O’Gorman, C. S., Laighin, C. N., Ismail, K. I., Donnelly, A., Hamilton, J., & Cotter, A. M. (2019) · BMC Medical Imaging · doi:10.1186/s12880-019-0393-6 · Cited by 13
Yu, H., Sun, J., & Hu, H. (2023) · Irish Journal of Medical Science (1971 -) · doi:10.1007/s11845-023-03380-z · Cited by 12
Focus on Metformin: Its Role and Safety in Pregnancy and Beyond
Newman, C., Rabbitt, L., Ero, A., & Dunne, F. (2023) · Drugs · doi:10.1007/s40265-023-01899-0 · Cited by 12
Calancie, L., Brown, M. O., Choi, W. A., Caouette, J. L., McCann, J., Nam, E. Y., & Werner, E. F. (2025) · American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology MFM · doi:10.1016/j.ajogmf.2025.101606 · Cited by 14
Mayadunne, T., Saadati, S., Asmelash, D., Mason, T., Vanky, E., Teede, H. J., & Mousa, A. (2025) · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.16418 · Cited by 12
Effect of a High-Fat Diet and Metformin on Placental mTOR Signaling in Mice
Grace, M. R., Dotters-Katz, S. K., Zhou, C., Manuck, T. A., Boggess, K., & Bae-Jump, V. L. (2019) · American Journal of Perinatology Reports · doi:10.1055/s-0039-1683362 · Cited by 11
Effect of early use of low-dose aspirin therapy on late-onset preeclampsia
Lan, P. G., Gillin, A. G., Pelosi, M., Tooher, J., Sandager, P., & Hyett, J. A. (2018) · The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine · doi:10.1080/14767058.2018.1427718 · Cited by 11
Prolactin and breast increase during pregnancy in PCOS: linked to long-term metabolic health?
Underdal, M. O., Salvesen, Ø. O., Schmedes, A., Andersen, M., & Vanky, E. (2019) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/eje-19-0002 · Cited by 11
A Review on the Use of Metformin in Pregnancy and Its Associated Fetal Outcomes
Verma, V., & Mehendale, A. M. (2022) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.30039 · Cited by 11
Palomba, S., Santagni, S., Daolio, J., Gibbins, K. J., Battaglia, F. A., Sala, G. B. L., & Silver, R. M. (2017) · Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics · doi:10.1007/s00404-017-4572-9 · Cited by 11
Schmitz, K., Turnwald, E., Kretschmer, T., Janoschek, R., Bae‐Gartz, I., Voßbrecher, K., Kammerer, M. D., Köninger, A., Gellhaus, A., Handwerk, M., et al. (2022) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu14112288 · Cited by 11
Fazel-Sarjoui, Z., Amirali, K. N., Kamali, M., Namini, N. K., & Tajik, A. (2016) · International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine (IJRM) · doi:10.29252/ijrm.14.4.275 · Cited by 10
Chiswick, C. A., Reynolds, R. M., Denison, F. C., Drake, A. J., Forbes, S., Newby, D. E., Walker, B. R., Quenby, S. M., Wray, S., Weeks, A. D., et al. (2016) · Efficacy and Mechanism Evaluation · doi:10.3310/eme03070 · Cited by 11
Metformin in women at high risk of gestational diabetes mellitus
Brink, H. S., Alkemade, M., van der Lely, A. J., & van der Linden, J. (2018) · Diabetes & Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.diabet.2018.01.008 · Cited by 10
Obesity, fertility and pregnancy: can we intervene to improve outcomes?
Reynolds, R. M., & Gordon, A. (2018) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/joe-18-0199 · Cited by 10
Pan, C., Onda, K., & Hirano, T. (2019) · Anticancer Research · doi:10.21873/anticanres.13500 · Cited by 9
Quotah, O. F., Nishku, G., Hunt, J., Seed, P. T., Gill, C. A., Brockbank, A., Fafowora, O., Vasiloudi, I., Olusoga, O., Cheek, E., et al. (2022) · Pilot and Feasibility Studies · doi:10.1186/s40814-022-01021-3 · Cited by 10
Dodd, J. M., Grivell, R. M., Deussen, A. R., Dekker, G., Louise, J., & Hague, W. M. (2016) · BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · doi:10.1186/s12884-016-1161-z · Cited by 10
First trimester prediction and prevention of adverse pregnancy outcomes related to poor placentation
D’Silva, A., Fyfe, R., & Hyett, J. A. (2017) · Current Opinion in Obstetrics & Gynecology · doi:10.1097/gco.0000000000000420 · Cited by 9
Metformin in overweight and obese women with gestational diabetes: a propensity score-matched study
Bettencourt‐Silva, R., Neves, J. S., Ferreira, M. J., Souteiro, P., Belo, S., Oliveira, A. I., Carvalho, D. M., Namora, G., Montenegro, N. A. M. D. M., & Queirós, J. C. (2019) · Endocrine · doi:10.1007/s12020-019-02043-3 · Cited by 8
Dienstmann, G., do Nascimento, I. B., Sales, W. B., de Souza, M. L. R., da Silva, G. D., de Oliveira, L. C., & Silva, J. C. (2020) · Obesity Research & Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.orcp.2020.09.005 · Cited by 9
Piper, L., Stewart, Z., & Murphy, H. R. (2017) · Obstetrics Gynaecology & Reproductive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ogrm.2017.03.004 · Cited by 9
Pregnancy and Lactation: A Window of Opportunity to Improve Individual Health
Rodríguez-González, G. L., Castro-Rodríguez, D. C., & Zambrano, E. (2018) · Methods in molecular biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-7614-0_7 · Cited by 9
Navigating the Role of Anti-Obesity Agents Prior to Pregnancy: A Narrative Review
Goldberg, A. S., Dolatabadi, S., Dutton, H., & Benham, J. L. (2023) · Seminars in Reproductive Medicine · doi:10.1055/s-0043-1776795 · Cited by 8
Decesare, J. Z. (2017) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316662571.029 · Cited by 8
de Wit, L. (2020) · Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University) · doi:10.33540/195 · Cited by 9
Is metformin safe in pregnancy: a focus on offspring outcomes
Malek, R., & Davis, S. N. (2024) · Expert Opinion on Drug Safety · doi:10.1080/14740338.2024.2424410 · Cited by 9
Boroumand, F., Ghayur, S., Gharaaghaji, R., & Vazifekhah, S. (2022) · Journal of Obstetrics Gynecology and Cancer Research · doi:10.30699/jogcr.7.6.524 · Cited by 7
First and second trimester maternal serum inhibin A levels in twins with pre-eclampsia
Svirsky, R., Maymon, R., Melcer, Y., Klog, E., & Cuckle, H. (2016) · Prenatal Diagnosis · doi:10.1002/pd.4937 · Cited by 7
Metadata
- Authors
- Syngelaki, A., Nicolaides, K. H., Balani, J., Hyer, S., Akolekar, R., Kotecha, R., Pastides, A., & Shehata, H.
- Affiliations
- Epsom and St Helier University Hospitals NHS Trust (GB)
- Harris Birthright Research Centre for Fetal Medicine (GB)
- St Helier Hospital (GB)
- Medway Maritime Hospital (GB)
- Venue
- New England Journal of Medicine
- Publisher
- Massachusetts Medical Society
- Published
- 2016-02-04
- Volume
- 374
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 434-443
- ISSN
- 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
- 1533-4406
- OpenAlex
- W2253351763
- Cited by
- 394
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 27 · 2020: 39 · 2019: 35 · 2018: 51 · 2017: 90 · 2016: 21
- FWCI
- 84.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- New England Journal of Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Pregnancy and Medication Impact
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
- Keywords
- metformin, maternal obesity, pregnancy, gestational weight gain, birth weight, large-for-gestational-age neonates, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, insulin sensitivity, adverse pregnancy outcomes, placental growth factor, placental protein 13
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Birth Weight, Double-Blind Method, Female, Fetal Macrosomia, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Infant, Newborn, Metformin, Obesity, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Weight Gain, Body Mass Index, Medication Adherence
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
