The DOI matches its Crossref record; 18 of the 18 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; 4 of the 10 sources its claims cite were checked for support.
Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma.
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Idecabtagene vicleucel (ide-cel, also called bb2121), a B-cell maturation antigen-directed chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, has shown clinical activity with expected CAR T-cell toxic effects in patients with relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma. METHODS: CAR-positive (CAR+) T cells. The primary end point was an overall response (partial response or better); a key secondary end point was a complete response or better (comprising complete and stringent complete responses). RESULTS: nucleated cells) was confirmed in 33 patients, representing 26% of all 128 patients who were treated and 79% of the 42 patients who had a complete response or better. The median progression-free survival was 8.8 months (95% confidence interval, 5.6 to 11.6). Common toxic effects among the 128 treated patients included neutropenia in 117 patients (91%), anemia in 89 (70%), and thrombocytopenia in 81 (63%). Cytokine release syndrome was reported in 107 patients (84%), including 7 (5%) who had events of grade 3 or higher. Neurotoxic effects developed in 23 patients (18%) and were of grade 3 in 4 patients (3%); no neurotoxic effects higher than grade 3 occurred. Cellular kinetic analysis confirmed CAR+ T cells in 29 of 49 patients (59%) at 6 months and 4 of 11 patients (36%) at 12 months after infusion. CONCLUSIONS: Ide-cel induced responses in a majority of heavily pretreated patients with refractory and relapsed myeloma; MRD-negative status was achieved in 26% of treated patients. Almost all patients had grade 3 or 4 toxic effects, most commonly hematologic toxic effects and cytokine release syndrome. (Funded by bluebird bio and Celgene, a Bristol-Myers Squibb company; KarMMa ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03361748.).
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Claims the paper makes
4 of 10 cited sources checked · 2 supported · 0 flagged · accuracy not yet measured
Every source the paper cites for this claim was checked and supports it.
In the paper
“The B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA)-directed CAR T cell idecabtagene vicleucel (ide-cel, also called bb2121) showed promising efficacy in a phase 1 study involving patients with relapsed or refractory myeloma.11”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > D
What the sources say
- Supportedcites [11] 11. Raje N, Berdeja J, Lin Y, et al. Anti- BCMA CAR T-cell therapy bb2121 in re- lapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med 2019; 380: 1726-37. source
The Methods identify bb2121 as an anti-BCMA CAR T-cell therapy studied in a phase 1 trial involving patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. The Discussion reports an 85% clinical response rate, supporting the characterization of its efficacy as promising. (LLM, conf=0.94)
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passes- Supported
The sources with a verdict support this claim; the rest weren’t checked yet, have no full text we could read, or their verdicts aren’t rated yet.
In the paper
“These efficacy results compare favorably with results in similarly heavily pretreated patients with relapsed or refractory myeloma treated with two recently approved regimens, selinexor plus dexamethasone and belantamab mafodotin (median progression-free survival, 3.7 months and 2.9 months, respectively).5,17”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Discussion
What the sources say
- Supportedcites [5] 5. Chari A, Vogl DT, Gavriatopoulou M, et al. Oral selinexor-dexamethasone for triple-class refractory multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med 2019; 381: 727-38. source
The Methods and Discussion describe patients with triple-class refractory myeloma who were heavily pretreated, with a median of seven previous regimens. The Efficacy section reports median progression-free survival of 3.7 months with selinexor plus dexamethasone. This citation supports the selinexor result; the separate belantamab result is not attributed to this paper. (LLM, conf=0.92)
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [17] 17. Lonial S, Lee HC, Badros A, et al. Belan- tamab mafodotin for relapsed or refracto- ry multiple myeloma (DREAMM-2): a two- arm, randomised, open-label, phase 2 study. Lancet Oncol 2020; 21: 207-21. source
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passes- Rests on an assumption: Cross-trial comparisons of progression-free survival between the KarMMa study and trials of selinexor plus dexamethasone or belantamab mafodotin are valid.
- Supported
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“Observed toxic effects were consistent with those in previous reports.11”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Discussion
What the sources say
- Partly supportedcites [11] 11. Raje N, Berdeja J, Lin Y, et al. Anti- BCMA CAR T-cell therapy bb2121 in re- lapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med 2019; 380: 1726-37. sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Results (Safety; page unavailable) document the observed toxic effects. The Discussion compares them with previous studies, but reports a lower incidence of severe cytokine release syndrome with bb2121 and cautions that cross-study comparisons are complicated. It does not establish that the toxic effects were generally consistent with previous reports. (LLM, conf=0.82)
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passes- Partly supported
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Duration of undetectable sBCMA correlated with response duration, and clearance of sBCMA at month 2 was associated with longer progression-free survival (Fig. S5E and S5F).”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Figure 2 (facing page). Progression-free Survival, Duration of Response, and Overall Survival.
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passes- Rests on an assumption: Soluble BCMA is a serum-based universal marker of myeloma burden.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“with peak levels higher in patients having cytokine release syndrome of grade 3 or higher (Fig. S6).”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Biomarkers
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesA result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“a somewhat higher frequency and somewhat greater depth of response were observed at the 450 × 10 6 dose (response in 81% of the pa-tients and complete response or better in 39%).”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Discussion
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesA result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“At baseline, 110 of 112 tumor samples (98%) expressed BCMA, with 109 having at least 50% BCMA-positive plasma cells, and all the patients had detectable levels of sBCMA.”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Figure 2 (facing page). Progression-free Survival, Duration of Response, and Overall Survival.
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedn = 112Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesA result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A response was observed in 73% of the treated patients, and a complete response or better was observed in 33%;”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Discussion
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesA result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Baseline cytokine levels were not associated with higher-grade cytokine release syndrome or neurotoxic effects.”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Biomarkers
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesA result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“with an incidence of response to bridging therapy of 4%”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Discussion
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passes
- Probably not a substantial claim. 12
- It may state two separate claims as one. 32
- The quote only partly states this claim. 1
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“In contrast, CD19 epitope loss is reported to be a relatively common escape mechanism after treatment with CD19-directed CAR T-cell therapy, especially in patients with acute leukemia.18,19”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Discussion
What the sources say
- Partly supportedcites [18] 18. Cheng J, Zhao L, Zhang Y, et al. Un- derstanding the mechanisms of resis- tance to CAR T-cell therapy in malignan- cies. Front Oncol 2019; 9: 1237. sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Tumor Factors section reports that loss of the targeted CD19 epitope enabled escape after anti-CD19 CAR T-cell therapy in relapsed B-ALL. It also reports that target-antigen-negative relapse accounts for approximately 9–25% of B-ALL relapses, but does not establish that epitope loss specifically is relatively common or more common in acute leukemia than in other malignancies. (LLM, conf=0.82)
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [19] 19. Badar T, Shah NN. Chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy for acute lympho- blastic leukemia. Curr Treat Options On- col 2020; 21: 16. source
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Partly supported
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Among patients with persistent grade 3 or 4 neutropenia (52 patients) or thrombocytopenia (62 patients) 1 month after infusion, the median time to recovery to grade 2 or lower was 1.9 months (range, 1.2 to 5.6) and 2.1 months (range, 1.2 to 13.8), respectively”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Safety
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedn = 52Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The Kaplan-Meier estimated median progression-free survival was 8.8 months overall (95% CI, 5.6 to 11.6), 12.1 months (95% CI, 8.8 to 12.3) at the 450 × 10 6 dose, and 20.2 months (95% CI, 12.3 to could not be estimated) in patients having a complete or stringent complete response”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Efficacy
Load-bearingStrength:hedged· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The 128 treated patients had received a median of 6 previous antimyeloma regimens (range, 3 to 16), and 120 (94%) had received previous autologous hematopoietic stem-cell transplants (Table 1).”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Patients
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedn = 128Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Although high interpatient variability was observed at all doses, upper quartiles of exposure (area under the curve of the transgene level from time of dose to 28 days [AUC 0-28 days ]) were observed more frequently at the 450 × 10 6 dose (Fig. 3B).”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Cellular Pharmacokinetic Profile and Immunogenicity
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Among treated patients, 5 were positive for antidrug antibodies before infusion.”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Cellular Pharmacokinetic Profile and Immunogenicity
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Baseline sBCMA levels were elevated in treated patients and de-creased rapidly after infusion in patients who had a response, with nadir values achieved within 3 months (Fig. 3A and Fig. S5B and S5C).”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Biomarkers
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: Soluble BCMA is a serum-based universal marker of myeloma burden.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Neurotoxic effects developed in 23 patients (18%) and were of grade 3 in 4 patients (3%); no neurotoxic effects higher than grade 3 occurred.”
- Also stated in: § Table 1. (Continued.) · plain
“Investigator-identified neurotoxic effects were reported in 23 patients (18%), of whom 4 (3%) had grade 3 events; no grade 4 or 5 neu-rotoxic effects were observed”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Abstract
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedn = 128Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Also stated in: § Table 1. (Continued.) · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The median time to first response was 1.0 month (range, 0.5 to 8.8); the median time to a complete response or better was 2.8 months (range, 1.0 to 11.8).”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Efficacy
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“At doses of 150 × 10 6 , 300 × 10 6 , and 450 × 10 6 CAR+ T cells, neurotoxic effects of any grade were reported in 0 of 4 patients, 12 of 70 patients (17%), and 11 of 54 patients (20%), respectively, with grade 3 events in 0 patients, 1 patient (1%), and 3 patients (6%).”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Table 1. (Continued.)
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedn = 54Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Antidrug antibodies had no effect on the incidence of response or of complete response or better and had no noticeable effect on progression-free survival.”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Cellular Pharmacokinetic Profile and Immunogenicity
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: The absence of a detectable effect of antidrug antibodies on efficacy is not due to insufficient statistical power.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The Kaplan-Meier estimated median overall survival was 19.4 months (95% CI, 18.2 to could not be estimated), with an overall survival of 78% at 12 months (Fig. 2D).”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Efficacy
Load-bearingStrength:hedged· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Exposures were higher in patients who had a response than in those who did not (Fig. S5A), and higher exposure was associated with deeper response and longer progression-free survival (Fig. 3C and 3D).”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Cellular Pharmacokinetic Profile and Immunogenicity
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Achievement of undetectable sBCMA levels increased with depth of response (17 of 27 pa-”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Biomarkers
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesThe quote only partly states this claim.
- Rests on an assumption: Soluble BCMA is a serum-based universal marker of myeloma burden.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“At doses of 150 × 10 6 , 300 × 10 6 , and 450 × 10 6 CAR+ T cells, cytokine release syndrome of any grade was observed in 2 of 4 patients (50%), 53 of 70 patients (76%), and 52 of 54 patients (96%), respectively, with cytokine release syndrome of grade 3 or higher observed in 0 patients, 4 patients (6%), and 3 patients (6%).”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Table 1. (Continued.)
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The Kaplan-Meier estimate for median duration of response was 10.7 months (95% CI, 9.0 to 11.3) overall and 11.3 months (95% CI, 10.3 to 11.4) at the 450 × 10 6 dose”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Efficacy
Load-bearingStrength:hedged· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Cytokine release syndrome was reported in 107 patients (84%), including 7 (5%) who had events of grade 3 or higher.”
- Also stated in: § Table 1. (Continued.) · plain
“Cytokine release syndrome occurred in 107 patients (84%) and was mostly of grade 1 or 2 (Table 2 and Table S10).Five patients (4%) had grade 3 cytokine release syndrome, 1 (<1%) had grade 4, and 1 (<1%) had grade 5 (300 × 10 6 dose level).”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Abstract
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedn = 128Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Also stated in: § Table 1. (Continued.) · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Infections occurred in 88 patients (69%) and were of grade 3 or 4 in 28 (22%).”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Safety
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedn = 88Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“including many with a high tumor burden, high-risk cytogenetic abnormalities, and extramedullary disease.”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Discussion
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Common toxic effects among the 128 treated patients included neutropenia in 117 patients (91%), anemia in 89 (70%), and thrombocytopenia in 81 (63%).”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Abstract
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedn = 128Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“After disease progression, 28 patients were retreated with ide-cel (Table S4).Six patients (21%) had a second response, with durations of response ranging from 1.9 to 6.8 months; all the patients who had a response were retreated at a dose higher than their initial dose.”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Efficacy
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Most grade 3 or 4 events were hematologic toxic effects, including neutropenia in 114 patients (89%), anemia in 77 (60%), and thrombocytopenia in 67 (52%), and were at least partially related to the lymphodepleting chemotherapy administered before ide-cel infusion.”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Safety
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedn = 114Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A total of 44 treated patients (34%) died during the study, with most deaths (27) attributed by the investigator to complications of myeloma progression (Table S12).”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Table 1. (Continued.)
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedn = 44Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Levels of proinflammatory markers, including cytokines, ferritin, and C-reactive protein, increased early after ide-cel infusion and decreased by month 1”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Biomarkers
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The response duration increased with the depth of response; the median response duration was 4.5 months (95% CI, 2.9 to 6.7), 10.4 months (95% CI, 5.1 to 11.3), and 19.0 months (95% CI, 11.3 to could not be estimated) in patients having a best response of partial response (27 patients), very good partial response (25 patients), and complete or stringent complete response (42 patients),”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Efficacy
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“At the target doses of 150 × 10 6 , 300 × 10 6 , and 450 × 10 6 CAR+ T cells, a response was observed in 2 of 4 patients (50%), in 48 of 70 patients (69%), and in 44 of 54 patients (81%), respectively, and a complete response or better was observed in 1 of 4 patients (25%), in 20 of 70 patients (29%), and in 21 of 54 patients (39%).”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Efficacy
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Five patients (4%) died after 6 months from unrelated adverse events, and an additional 8 patients (6%) died after disease progression.”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Table 1. (Continued.)
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedn = 5Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Minimal residual disease (MRD)-negative status (<10 -5 nucleated cells) was confirmed in 33 patients, representing 26% of all 128 patients who were treated and 79% of the 42 patients who had a complete response or better.”
- Also stated in: § Efficacy · plain
“Of the 42 patients with a complete or stringent complete response, 33 (79%) also had MRDnegative status at a sensitivity level of 10 -5 , corresponding to 26% (95% CI, 19 to 34) of the treated population; the remaining 9 patients (21%) could not be evaluated for MRD”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Abstract
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedn = 33Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Also stated in: § Efficacy · plain
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“High-grade hematologic toxic effects were common but transient.”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Discussion
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The fact that MRDnegative responses occurred in approximately a quarter of the patients highlights the depth of response induced by ide-cel.”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Discussion
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: MRD negativity at a sensitivity of 10^-5 is a valid measure of depth of response and clinical benefit.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The study protocol was approved by local or independent institutional review boards or ethics committees at participating sites.All the patients provided written informed consent.”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Study Oversight
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Nearly all tumors expressed BCMA, a finding that supports the use of ide-cel in relapsed and refractory myeloma without restriction based on tumor BCMA expression.”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Discussion
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: BCMA expression is required for ide-cel efficacy, so lack of tumor BCMA expression would limit its use.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The primary efficacy analysis was performed in the population of patients treated with ide-cel (128 patients).”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Statistical Analysis
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Between December 13, 2017, and November 13, 2018, a total of 140 patients were enrolled and underwent leukapheresis, of whom 128 received ide-cel infusions.Twelve patients discontinued the study before ide-cel infusion (including 1 patient who discontinued after unsuccessful manufacture of the CAR T-cell product)”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Patients
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedn = 140Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The study was designed by the authors in conjunction with the sponsors and conducted in accordance with the International Council for Harmonisation guidelines for Good Clinical Practice and the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Study Oversight
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The sample size for the primary end point (overall response) was based on a onesample binomial test with normal approximation, under the assumption of 15% dropout between the time of enrollment and ide-cel treatment.”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Statistical Analysis
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Statistical tests were not performed on subgroup analyses.”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Statistical Analysis
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The primary end point was an overall response (partial response or better), defined according to IMWG Uniform Response Criteria for Multiple Myeloma 12 as assessed by an independent review committee.”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > End Points and Assessments
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“MRD negativity was evaluated in bone marrow aspirates by next-generation sequencing (clonoSEQ, Adaptive Biotechnologies) with a minimum cutoff of 10 -5 nucleated cells.”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > End Points and Assessments
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The actual doses delivered were within 20% of the target doses.”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > Study Design and Patients
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Adverse events were graded according to National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI CTCAE), version 4.03.Cytokine release syndrome was graded according to published criteria (Table S2).14”
§ Idecabtagene Vicleucel in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma > End Points and Assessments
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper relies on this without support.
Soluble BCMA is a serum-based universal marker of myeloma burden.
“Soluble BCMA was assessed as a serum-based universal marker of myeloma burden.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Cross-trial comparisons of progression-free survival between the KarMMa study and trials of selinexor plus dexamethasone or belantamab mafodotin are valid.
“These efficacy results compare favorably with results in similarly heavily pretreated patients with relapsed or refractory myeloma treated with two recently approved regimens, selinexor plus dexamethasone and belantamab mafodotin (median progression-free survival, 3.7 months and 2.9 months, respectively).5,17”
The paper relies on this without support.
MRD negativity at a sensitivity of 10^-5 is a valid measure of depth of response and clinical benefit.
“The fact that MRDnegative responses occurred in approximately a quarter of the patients highlights the depth of response induced by ide-cel.”
The paper relies on this without support.
BCMA expression is required for ide-cel efficacy, so lack of tumor BCMA expression would limit its use.
“Nearly all tumors expressed BCMA, a finding that supports the use of ide-cel in relapsed and refractory myeloma without restriction based on tumor BCMA expression.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The absence of a detectable effect of antidrug antibodies on efficacy is not due to insufficient statistical power.
“Antidrug antibodies had no effect on the incidence of response or of complete response or better and had no noticeable effect on progression-free survival.”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Idecabtagene vicleucel (ide-cel) and ciltacabtagene autoleucel (cilta-cel) are newly approved CAR-T products targeting BCMA that are active in relapsed refractory myeloma.89,90”
From Multiple myeloma: 2024 update on diagnosis, risk-stratification, and management (2024) · cites this paper as [89]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Safety of ide-cel remained consistent with the IA, with no parkinsonism, Guillain-Barré syndrome, or SPMs of T-cell origin reported. 13”
From Ide-cel vs standard regimens in triple-class-exposed relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma: updated KarMMa-3 analyses. (2024) · cites this paper as [18]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Common side effects such as CRS and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) were mostly low grade, indicating manageable toxicity.”
From Multiple myeloma: signaling pathways and targeted therapy (2024) · cites this paper as [243]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“The median duration of response (mDOR) was 11 months in patients achieving CR and 19 months in those achieving stringent complete response (sCR).”
From Multiple myeloma: signaling pathways and targeted therapy (2024) · cites this paper as [243]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“A number of BCMA-directed therapies, including belantamab mafodotin, idecabtagene vicleucel (ide-cel), ciltacabtagene autoleucel (cilta-cel) and teclistamab, have shown efficacy in clinical trials and are approved for the treatment of relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma4–9.”
From Elranatamab in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma: phase 2 MagnetisMM-3 trial results (2023) · cites this paper as [5]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Median DOR and PFS were 10.7 months and 8.8 months, respectively, for ide-cel, and were both not reached for cilta-cel5,6.”
From Elranatamab in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma: phase 2 MagnetisMM-3 trial results (2023) · cites this paper as [5]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Although follow-up is still ongoing, among patients with ≥CR, DOR and PFS at 15 months with elranatamab were comparable to those observed with other BCMA-targeted T-cell-redirecting therapies, suggesting similar outcomes once a deep response is achieved5,24,25.”
From Elranatamab in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma: phase 2 MagnetisMM-3 trial results (2023) · cites this paper as [5]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“High response rates have been reported with the BCMA chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapies, ide-cel and cilta-cel, with responses reported in 73% and 97% of treated patients, respectively.”
From Elranatamab in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma: phase 2 MagnetisMM-3 trial results (2023) · cites this paper as [5]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“In comparison to other BCMA-targeted T-cell-redirecting therapies, the rate of hematologic AEs with elranatamab was similar or lower after a similar follow-up4–6.”
From Elranatamab in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma: phase 2 MagnetisMM-3 trial results (2023) · cites this paper as [5]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“CAR-T therapy requires that patients have access to specialized care centers and can wait the minimum 4-week period for production, which can result in attrition rates of approximately 10 to 15%,6-8”
From Teclistamab in Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma (2022) · cites this paper as [6]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Among 128 patients with relapsed refractory myeloma treated on a phase II trial, ide-cel was associated with a response rate of 73%.89 Thirty three percent of patients had a complete response or better. The median PFS was 8.8 months.”
From Multiple myeloma: 2024 update on diagnosis, risk-stratification, and management (2024) · cites this paper as [89]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Cytokine release syndrome was seen in 84%, and 5% were grade 3 or higher. Neurotoxicity was seen in 18%, and was grade 3 in 3%.”
From Multiple myeloma: 2024 update on diagnosis, risk-stratification, and management (2024) · cites this paper as [89]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has shown promising ef fi cacy in patients with TCE R/RMM. 13-21”
From Ide-cel vs standard regimens in triple-class-exposed relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma: updated KarMMa-3 analyses. (2024) · cites this paper as [18]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“In the KarMMa study involving 128 patients with RRMM, the overall response rate (ORR) to a single infusion of Abecma was 73%, with a complete response (CR) rate of 33%.”
From Multiple myeloma: signaling pathways and targeted therapy (2024) · cites this paper as [243]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Abecma has demonstrated the ability to induce rapid, deep, and long-lasting remissions with just one infusion, providing a new and effective personalized therapy option for MM patients [227, 243, 258, 259].”
From Multiple myeloma: signaling pathways and targeted therapy (2024) · cites this paper as [243]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“In contrast, higher-grade cytokine release syndrome and neurotoxic events have been described after CAR-T administration in patients with multiple myeloma.6,8”
From Teclistamab in Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma (2022) · cites this paper as [6]
The check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“Similarly, patients with advanced disease stage (R-ISS stage III) have consistently shown poorer outcomes irrespective of the therapy received4–6,19–22.”
From Elranatamab in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma: phase 2 MagnetisMM-3 trial results (2023) · cites this paper as [5]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“Recently approved therapies such as selinexor, 9 belantamab mafodotin, 10 idecabtagene vicleucel, 11 and ciltacabtagene autoleucel 12 have had clinical benefit in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma.”
From Talquetamab, a T-Cell–Redirecting GPRC5D Bispecific Antibody for Multiple Myeloma (2022) · cites this paper as [11]
Citations
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Overview of approved CAR‐T therapies, ongoing clinical trials, and its impact on clinical practice
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“Overall, the data showed that heavily treated patients with R/RMMwho received ide-cel shows response with over a quarter of patients achievingMRD status [13].”
MethodLin, Y., Raje, N. S., Berdeja, J. G., Siegel, D. S. D., Jagannath, S., Madduri, D., Liedtke, M., Rosenblatt, J. M., Maus, M. V., Massaro, M., et al. (2023) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-023-02496-0 · Cited by 134
Self-citationInfections following bispecific antibodies in myeloma: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Reynolds, G. K., Cliff, E. R. S., Mohyuddin, G. R., Popat, R., Midha, S., Ng, M., Harrison, S. J., Kesselheim, A. S., & Teh, B. W. (2023) · Blood Advances · doi:10.1182/bloodadvances.2023010539 · Cited by 134
“23,26 Translational research into the on-target, off-tumor effects of BCMA blockade on cellular immunity may help mechanistically explain this effect, appreciating the fact that BCMA therapies are currently delivered to patients with refractory disease, who have been heavily pretreated.”
BackgroundKaiser, M., Hall, A., Walker, K., Sherborne, A., de Tute, R., Newnham, N. J., Roberts, S., Ingleson, E., Bowles, K., Garg, M., et al. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.22.02567 · Cited by 90
Reactions Related to CAR-T Cell Therapy
Miao, L., Zhang, Z., Ren, Z., & Li, Y. (2021) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.663201 · Cited by 129
“Furthermore, studies have reported that cytopenia is the most prevalent among all adverse reactions reported with ≥ grade 3 (13, 14).”
BackgroundFerreri, C. J., Hildebrandt, M. A. T., Hashmi, H., Shune, L. O., McGuirk, J. P., Sborov, D. W., Wagner, C. B., Kocoglu, M. H., Rapoport, A. P., Atrash, S., et al. (2023) · Blood Cancer Journal · doi:10.1038/s41408-023-00886-8 · Cited by 131
“Biallelic BCMA loss has been described as a resistance mechanism, albeit relatively uncommon [5, 27].”
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Real-world analysis of teclistamab in 123 RRMM patients from Germany
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Self-citationBarriers to Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell (CAR-T) Therapies in Clinical Practice
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“The initial data with CAR-T therapy in clinical trials showed striking efficacy in patients with r/r DLBCL or ALL who did not respond to other forms of treatment [1, 2, 18, 19].”
BackgroundDhodapkar, K. M., Cohen, A. D., Kaushal, A., Garfall, A. L., Manalo, R. J., Carr, A. R., McCachren, S. S., Stadtmauer, E. A., Lacey, S. F., Melenhorst, J. J., et al. (2022) · Blood Cancer Discovery · doi:10.1158/2643-3230.bcd-22-0018 · Cited by 119
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Self-citationImmune effector cell associated neurotoxicity syndrome in chimeric antigen receptor-T cell therapy
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Self-citationInfections after chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)‐T‐cell therapy for hematologic malignancies
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“With the recent FDA approval of CAR-T cells targeting B cell maturation antigen (BCMA) in patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) multiple myeloma [7, 8], the therapeutic scope of adoptive cellular therapeutics has been successfully expanded beyond CD19 positive lymphoid malignancies.”
BackgroundCowan, A. J., Pont, M. J., Sather, B. D., Turtle, C. J., Till, B. G., Libby, E. N., Coffey, D. G., Tuazon, S. A., Wood, B. L., Gooley, T. A., et al. (2023) · The Lancet Oncology · doi:10.1016/s1470-2045(23)00246-2 · Cited by 118
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“Janssen Research and Development has also launched another phase 3, randomized, open-label, multicenter, global study on cilta-cel, known as CARTITUDE-5 (MMY3004 or NCT04923893).”
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Self-citationBispecific antibodies and CAR-T cells: dueling immunotherapies for large B-cell lymphomas
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CAR-T Cell Therapy: From the Shop to Cancer Therapy
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“The incidence varies by disease types and treatment approaches, and supportive care and anti-infective treatments are recommended for management [5,81].”
BackgroundThe aged tumor microenvironment limits T cell control of cancer
Chen, C.-Y., Jaiswal, S., Martínez, D., Yerinde, C., Ji, K. Y., Miranda, V., Fung, M. E., Weiss, S. A., Zschummel, M., Taguchi, K., et al. (2024) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41590-024-01828-7 · Cited by 114
“Indeed, age-related dysfunction may help explain results from recent phase 2/phase 3 B cell maturation antigen-targeted CAR T cell therapy trials in multiple myeloma where almost all individuals relapsed after initial response 59,60 .”
Advances in immunotherapy for glioblastoma multiforme
Mahmoud, A. B., Ajina, R., Aref, S., Darwish, M., Alsayb, M. A., Taher, M., Alsharif, S. T., Hashem, A. M., & Alkayyal, A. A. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.944452 · Cited by 103
Mezigdomide plus Dexamethasone in Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma
Richardson, P. G. G., Trudel, S., Popat, R., Mateos, M., Vangsted, A. J., Ramasamy, K., Martínez‐López, J., Quach, H., Orlowski, R. Z., Arnao, M., et al. (2023) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa2303194 · Cited by 102
Self-citationCytopenia after CAR-T Cell Therapy—A Brief Review of a Complex Problem
Sharma, N., Reagan, P. M., & Liesveld, J. L. (2022) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers14061501 · Cited by 101
“While these can sometimes be life-threatening, they usually present early in the course of treatment, are well studied, and thus with appropriate management can be mitigated, thus making CAR-T cell therapy a safe treatment modality with low mortality rates [1,8,11].”
BackgroundLogue, J. M., Peres, L. C., Hashmi, H., et al. (2022) · Blood Advances · doi:10.1182/bloodadvances.2022008320 · Cited by 100
“4), meeting the target dose range from KarMMa.(2,4)”
BackgroundResultInfluentialDose–response correlation for CAR-T cells: a systematic review of clinical studies
Rotte, A., Frigault, M. J., Ansari, A., Gliner, B., Heery, C. R., & Shah, B. D. (2022) · Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer · doi:10.1136/jitc-2022-005678 · Cited by 108
“Studies were excluded if they met any of the following exclusion criteria: (1) articles reported in languages other than English; (2) conference presentations and abstracts; (3) studies that did not use lymphodepletion regimen; (4) studies in children; (5) studies in solid tumors; (6) studies using bispecific CART cel…”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialShahid, Z., Jain, T., Dioverti, M. V., Pennisi, M., Mikkilineni, L., Kambhampati, S., Shah, N. N., Dadwal, S., Papanicolaou, G. A., Hamadani, M., et al. (2024) · Transplantation and Cellular Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.jtct.2024.07.018 · Cited by 118
Self-citationCardiotoxicity from chimeric antigen receptor-T cell therapy for advanced malignancies
Totzeck, M., Michel, L., Lin, Y., Herrmann, J., & Rassaf, T. (2022) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehac106 · Cited by 103
Self-citationGhilardi, G., Chong, E. A., Svoboda, J., Wohlfarth, P., Nasta, S. D., Williamson, S., Landsburg, J. D., Gerson, J. N., Barta, S. K., Pajarillo, R., et al. (2022) · Annals of Oncology · doi:10.1016/j.annonc.2022.05.521 · Cited by 104
Parikh, R. H., & Lonial, S. (2023) · CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians · doi:10.3322/caac.21771 · Cited by 107
“The depth of the response was concordant with higher CAR T‐cell doses, and the ORRs were 50%, 69%, and 81% with ide‐cel at target doses of 150, 300, and 450 � 10(6) CAR T cells, respectively.(29)”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationOliver‐Caldés, A., González‐Calle, V., Cabañas, V., Español‐Rego, M., Rodríguez‐Otero, P., Reguera, J. L., López‐Corral, L., Martín-Antonio, B., Zabaleta, A., Inogés, S., et al. (2023) · The Lancet Oncology · doi:10.1016/s1470-2045(23)00222-x · Cited by 98
T Cell Fitness and Autologous CAR T Cell Therapy in Haematologic Malignancy
Mehta, P. H., Fiorenza, S., Koldej, R. M., Jaworowski, A., Ritchie, D. S., & Quinn, K. M. (2021) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.780442 · Cited by 99
The EBMT/EHA CAR-T Cell Handbook
Kröger, N., Gribben, J. G., Chabannon, C., Yakoub‐Agha, I., & Einsele, H. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-94353-0 · Cited by 106
Self-citationUnderstanding CAR T cell-tumor interactions: Paving the way for successful clinical outcomes
Korell, F., Berger, T. R., & Maus, M. V. (2022) · Med · doi:10.1016/j.medj.2022.05.001 · Cited by 103
Infectious complications of CAR T-cell therapy: a clinical update
Stewart, A. G., & Henden, A. S. (2021) · Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease · doi:10.1177/20499361211036773 · Cited by 98
Bhatt, P. K., Kloock, C., & Comenzo, R. L. (2023) · Current Oncology · doi:10.3390/curroncol30020179 · Cited by 105
“In the study population, ORR was 73%, with approximately one-third of patients having achieved a CR or better and one-fourth of patients achieving MRD-negativity at 10−5 [149].”
BackgroundMethodOvercoming tumor resistance mechanisms in CAR-NK cell therapy
Valeri, A., García-Ortiz, A., Castellano, E., Córdoba, L., Maroto-Martín, E., Encinas, J., Leivas, A., Río, P., & Martínez‐López, J. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.953849 · Cited by 96
“Commun Integr Biol (2016) 9(6):e1216739.”
Xia, J., Li, H., Yan, Z., Zhou, D., Wang, Y., Qi, Y., Cao, J., Li, D., Cheng, H., Sang, W., et al. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.22.01824 · Cited by 94
Gagelmann, N., Dima, D., Merz, M., Hashmi, H., Ahmed, N., Tovar, N., Oliver‐Caldés, A., Stölzel, F., Rathje, K., Fischer, L., et al. (2024) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.23.02232 · Cited by 96
Targeting the TNF and TNFR superfamilies in autoimmune disease and cancer
Croft, M., Salek‐Ardakani, S., & Ware, C. F. (2024) · Nature Reviews Drug Discovery · doi:10.1038/s41573-024-01053-9 · Cited by 102
Jain, M. D., Ziccheddu, B., Coughlin, C. A., Faramand, R., Griswold, A. J., Reid, K. M., Menges, M., Zhang, Y., Cen, L., Wang, X., et al. (2022) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood.2021015008 · Cited by 91
The next wave of cellular immunotherapies in pancreatic cancer
Yeo, D., Giardina, C., Saxena, P., & Rasko, J. E. J. (2022) · Molecular Therapy — Oncolytics · doi:10.1016/j.omto.2022.01.010 · Cited by 95
“Recently, the FDA approved an anti-B cell maturation antigen (BCMA)-directed CAR, Abecma (idecabtagene vicleucel).(30) These therapies have been very successful in treatment of hematological malignancies, with one study reporting up to 90% of individuals achieving remission.”
BackgroundΖαννίκου, Μ., Duffy, J. T., Levine, R., Seblani, M. D., Liu, Q., Presser, A., Arrieta, V. A., Chen, C. J., Sonabend, A. M., Horbinski, C., et al. (2023) · Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer · doi:10.1136/jitc-2022-006239 · Cited by 93
Determinants of Response and Mechanisms of Resistance of CAR T-cell Therapy in Multiple Myeloma
van de Donk, N. W. C. J., Themeli, M., & Usmani, S. Z. (2021) · Blood Cancer Discovery · doi:10.1158/2643-3230.bcd-20-0227 · Cited by 90
“seems to confer a poor outcome in some studies(8,16,26,56,57), while response was similar in others(10,54).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialNeurologic toxicities following adoptive immunotherapy with BCMA-directed CAR T cells
Karschnia, P., Miller, K. C., Yee, A. J., Rejeski, K., Johnson, P. C., Raje, N. S., Frigault, M. J., & Dietrich, J. (2023) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood.2023020571 · Cited by 92
Self-citationJagannath, S., Lin, Y., Goldschmidt, H., Reece, D., Nooka, A., Senin, A., Rodriguez-Otero, P., Powles, R., Matsue, K., Shah, N., et al. (2021) · Blood Cancer Journal · doi:10.1038/s41408-021-00507-2 · Cited by 90
Self-citationTang, Y., Yin, H., Zhao, X., Jin, D., Liang, Y., Xiong, T., Li, L., Tang, W., Zhang, J., Liu, M., et al. (2022) · Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research · doi:10.1186/s13046-021-02214-z · Cited by 89
“3% had a complete response or better [11].”
BackgroundApplying a clinical lens to animal models of CAR-T cell therapies
Duncan, B. B., Dunbar, C. E., & Ishii, K. (2022) · Molecular Therapy — Methods & Clinical Development · doi:10.1016/j.omtm.2022.08.008 · Cited by 99
Larráyoz, M., Garcia-Barchino, M. J., Celay, J., Etxebeste, A., Jiménez, M., Pérez, C., Ordóñez, R., Cobaleda, C., Botta, C., Fresquet, V., et al. (2023) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-022-02178-3 · Cited by 93
Universal redirection of CAR T cells against solid tumours via membrane-inserted ligands for the CAR
Zhang, A. Q., Hostetler, A., Chen, L. E., Mukkamala, V., Abraham, W. D., Padilla, L. T., Wolff, A. N., Maiorino, L., Backlund, C. M., Aung, A., et al. (2023) · Nature Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1038/s41551-023-01048-8 · Cited by 93
Tocchetti, C. G., Farmakis, D. T., Koop, Y., Andrés, M. S., Couch, L. S., Formisano, L., Ciardiello, F., Pane, F., Au, L., Emmerich, M., et al. (2024) · European Journal of Heart Failure · doi:10.1002/ejhf.3340 · Cited by 102
Bexte, T., Albinger, N., Al-Ajami, A., Wendel, P., Buchinger, L., Geßner, A., Alzubi, J., Särchen, V., Vogler, M., Rasheed, H. M., et al. (2024) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-024-52388-1 · Cited by 97
CAR-T cell therapy in Multiple Myeloma: current status and future challenges
Swan, D., Madduri, D., & Hocking, J. S. (2024) · Blood Cancer Journal · doi:10.1038/s41408-024-01191-8 · Cited by 110
Self-citationPersson, M. L., Douglas, A. M., Alvaro, F., Faridi, P., Larsen, M. R., Alonso, M. M., Vitanza, N. A., & Dun, M. D. (2022) · Neuro-Oncology · doi:10.1093/neuonc/noac117 · Cited by 85
Mai, D., Johnson, O., Reff, J., Fan, T., Scholler, J., Sheppard, N. C., & June, C. H. (2023) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2218632120 · Cited by 86
Impact of T cell characteristics on CAR-T cell therapy in hematological malignancies
Tao, Z., Chyra, Z., Kotulová, J., Celichowski, P., Mihályová, J., Charvátová, S., & Hájek, R. (2024) · Blood Cancer Journal · doi:10.1038/s41408-024-01193-6 · Cited by 101
Multiple myeloma: signaling pathways and targeted therapy
Lu, Q., Yang, D., Li, H., Niu, T., & Tong, A. (2024) · Molecular biomedicine · doi:10.1186/s43556-024-00188-w · Cited by 90
Xie, B., Li, Z., Zhou, J., & Wang, W. (2022) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers14133230 · Cited by 97
“more than 70%, while the ones targeting BCMA, idecabtagene vicleucel and ciltacabtagene autoleucel, have reached 73% and 97%, respectively [5,6].”
BackgroundTranscriptional signatures associated with persisting CD19 CAR-T cells in children with leukemia
Anderson, N. D., Birch, J., Accogli, T., Criado, I., Khabirova, E., Parks, C., Wood, Y., Young, M. D., Porter, T., Richardson, R., et al. (2023) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-023-02415-3 · Cited by 87
“A lack of CAR-T cell persistence leading to CD19 + relapse is the main cause of therapy failure after licensed CAR-T cell therapy for ALL 35,36 and contributes to relapse in other B cell malignancies, such as myeloma 37 .”
Holstein, S. A., Grant, S. J., & Wildes, T. M. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.23.00512 · Cited by 93
Dima, D., Davis, J. A., Ahmed, N., Jia, X., Sannareddy, A., Shaikh, H. G., Shune, L. O., Kaur, G., Khouri, J., Afrough, A., et al. (2023) · Transplantation and Cellular Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.jtct.2023.12.016 · Cited by 90
Self-citationMohan, M., Chakraborty, R., Bal, S., Nellore, A., Baljević, M., D’Souza, A., Pappas, P. G., Berdeja, J. G., Callander, N. S., & Costa, L. J. (2023) · British Journal of Haematology · doi:10.1111/bjh.18909 · Cited by 91
“6 In the MajecTE-1 study, 75% of the patients who received treatment with teclistamab exhibited hypogammaglobulinemia, which is probably a consequence of prolonged plasma cell aplasia resulting from continuous therapy.”
BackgroundSelf-citationPrice and Prejudice? The Value of Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-Cell Therapy
Choi, G., Shin, G., & Bae, S. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph191912366 · Cited by 95
“3 months ORR 73% CRR 33% CRS 84% (grade ≥ 3, 5%) [21]”
Garfall, A. L., Cohen, A. D., Susanibar-Adaniya, S. P., Hwang, W.-T., Vogl, D. T., Waxman, A. J., Lacey, S. F., Gonzalez, V. E., Fraietta, J. A., Gupta, M., et al. (2023) · Blood Cancer Discovery · doi:10.1158/2643-3230.bcd-22-0074 · Cited by 83
“Similar findings with early recovery of soluble BCMA have been observed in idecel patients (1), and most cilta-cel patients are reported to have lost detectable CAR T cells by 6 months after infusion (2).”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialSelf-citationLee, H., Durante, M. A., Skerget, S., Vishwamitra, D., Benaoudia, S., Ahn, S., Poorebrahim, M., Barakat, E., Jung, D., Leblay, N., et al. (2024) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood.2024026212 · Cited by 86
CAR-T cell therapy: developments, challenges and expanded applications from cancer to autoimmunity
Kong, Y., Li, J., Zhao, X., Wu, Y., & Chen, L. (2025) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2024.1519671 · Cited by 96
Johnsrud, A. J., Craig, J. K., Baird, J. H., Spiegel, J. Y., Muffly, L. S., Zehnder, J. L., Tamaresis, J. S., Negrin, R. S., Johnston, L., Arai, S., et al. (2021) · Blood Advances · doi:10.1182/bloodadvances.2021004716 · Cited by 87
“02 Platelet nadir, 310(3)/mL, median (range) 40 (5-158) 17.”
Cichocki, F. M., Bjordahl, R., Goodridge, J. P., Mahmood, S., Gaidarova, S., Abujarour, R., Davis, Z., Merino, A. M., Tuininga, K., Wang, H., et al. (2022) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-022-35127-2 · Cited by 90
CD137 (4-1BB)-Based Cancer Immunotherapy on Its 25th Anniversary
Melero, I., Sanmamed, M. F., Glez‐Vaz, J., Luri‐Rey, C., Wang, J., & Chen, L. (2022) · Cancer Discovery · doi:10.1158/2159-8290.cd-22-1029 · Cited by 81
Costa, L. J., Banerjee, R. K., Mian, H. S., Weisel, K. C., Bal, S., Derman, B. A., Htut, M. M., Nagarajan, C., Rodriguez, C., Richter, J. R., et al. (2025) · Leukemia · doi:10.1038/s41375-024-02482-6 · Cited by 89
Self-citationAilawadhi, S., Arnulf, B., Patel, K., Cavo, M., Nooka, A. K., Manier, S., Callander, N., Costa, L. J., Vij, R., Bahlis, N. J., et al. (2024) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood.2024024582 · Cited by 79
Self-citationKampouri, E., Walti, C. S., Gauthier, J., & Hill, J. A. (2022) · Expert Review of Hematology · doi:10.1080/17474086.2022.2063833 · Cited by 84
“This treatment induces durable complete remissions in a majority of heavily pretreated patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) hematologic malignancies including B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas and more recently multiple myeloma (MM) [1-6].”
BackgroundInfluentialApproved CAR-T therapies have reproducible efficacy and safety in clinical practice
Vera, D. G., Waghela, H., Nuh, M., Pan, J. Z., & Lulla, P. (2024) · Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics · doi:10.1080/21645515.2024.2378543 · Cited by 84
“48,53,54 Further analysis involving all RWO studies showed no statistical differences in CRS ≥ 3 when comparing Building on their initial success, both ide-cel and cilta-cel have been granted FDA approval to treat R/R MM in earlier lines of treatment as of April 2024.”
BackgroundFrigault, M. J., Bishop, M. R., Rosenblatt, J. M., O’Donnell, E., Raje, N. S., Cook, D., Yee, A. J., Logan, E. K., Avigan, D., Jakubowiak, A. J., et al. (2022) · Blood Advances · doi:10.1182/bloodadvances.2022007210 · Cited by 80
“The ORR and CR observed with CART-ddBCMA was comparable to ORR observed with ide-cel and cilta-cel.(22,25,26,54) These results are promising”
MethodResultInfluentialSelf-citationMultiple Myeloma Therapy: Emerging Trends and Challenges
Dima, D., Jiang, D., Singh, D. J., Hasipek, M., Shah, H., Ullah, F., Khouri, J., Maciejewski, J. P., & Jha, B. K. (2022) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers14174082 · Cited by 92
“Idecabtagene vicleucel (Ide-cel) was the first CAR T product officially approved for heavily pretreated MM patients, followed by ciltacabtagene autoleucel (cilta-cel), both of which target BCMA on the surface of myeloma cells [202,203].”
BackgroundRevolutionizing cancer treatment: a comprehensive review of CAR-T cell therapy
Dabas, P., & Danda, A. (2023) · Medical Oncology · doi:10.1007/s12032-023-02146-y · Cited by 86
Lin, Y., Qiu, L., Usmani, S. Z., Joo, C. W., Costa, L. J., Derman, B. A., Du, J., Einsele, H., de Larrea, C. F., Hájek, R., et al. (2024) · The Lancet Oncology · doi:10.1016/s1470-2045(24)00094-9 · Cited by 79
Self-citationPromises and challenges of a decentralized CAR T-cell manufacturing model
Shah, M., Krull, A., Odonnell, L., de Lima, M. J., & Bezerra, E. (2023) · Frontiers in Transplantation · doi:10.3389/frtra.2023.1238535 · Cited by 77
Systematic Review of Available CAR-T Cell Trials around the World
Barros, L. R. C., Couto, S. C. F., Santurio, D. S., Paixão, E. A., Cardoso, F. C., da Silva, V. J., Klinger, P. H. D. S., Ribeiro, P. D. A. C., Rós, F. A., de Oliveira, T. G. M., et al. (2022) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers14112667 · Cited by 79
Cellular kinetics: A clinical and computational review of CAR-T cell pharmacology
Qi, T., McGrath, K. V., Ranganathan, R., Dotti, G., & Cao, Y. (2022) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.addr.2022.114421 · Cited by 80
Cardiotoxicity of T-Cell Antineoplastic Therapies
Ganatra, S., Dani, S. S., Yang, E. H., Zaha, V. G., & Nohria, A. (2022) · JACC CardioOncology · doi:10.1016/j.jaccao.2022.07.014 · Cited by 78
“Available data from one clinical trial suggest that the occurrence of all-grade and highgrade CRS is similar with BCMA-directed CAR T-cell therapy.(16)”
MethodVerkleij, C. P. M., O’Neill, C. A., Broekmans, M. E. C., Frerichs, K. A., Bruins, W. S. C., Duetz, C., Kruyswijk, S., Baglio, S. R., Skerget, S., Oca, R. M. D., et al. (2024) · Clinical Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-3333 · Cited by 93
Mi, J., Zhao, W., Jing, H., Fu, W., Hu, J., Chen, L., Zhang, Y., Yao, D., Chen, D., Schecter, J. M., et al. (2022) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.22.00690 · Cited by 75
“CRS occurred in 98% of patients during CARTIFAN-1, comparable with rates reported in other studies of antiBCMA CAR-T therapies in RRMM (84%-97%).(14,25,30) The incidence of grade 3/4 CRS events (35%) was higher than that in CARTITUDE-1 (4%), potentially because of increased use of facemask oxygen supplementation in Ch…”
ResultRejeski, K., Jain, M. D., & Smith, E. L. (2023) · Transplantation and Cellular Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.jtct.2023.04.007 · Cited by 81
Tian, D., Qin, C., Dong, M., Heming, M., Zhou, L., Wang, W., Cai, S.-B., You, Y., Shang, K., Xiao, J., et al. (2024) · EMBO Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1038/s44321-024-00043-z · Cited by 76
“In addition, prolonged grade 3/4 cytopenia such as neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia and lymphocytopenia, were also reported in several patients, with the susceptibility to develop fatal infectious and hemorrhagic events (Benjamin et al, 2020; Mei et al, 2021; Munshi et al, 2021).”
Khan, S. H., Choi, Y., Veena, M. S., Lee, J. K., & Shin, D. S. (2025) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2024.1489827 · Cited by 84
Graham, C., Lee, W., Wiggin, H. R., Supper, V. M., Leick, M. B., Birocchi, F., Yee, A. J., Petrichenko, A., Everett, J. K., Bushman, F. D., et al. (2023) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood.2023021429 · Cited by 74
Nooka, A. K., Cohen, A. D., Lee, H. C., Badros, A., Suvannasankha, A., Callander, N., Abdallah, A., Trudel, S., Chari, A., Libby, E. N., et al. (2023) · Cancer · doi:10.1002/cncr.34987 · Cited by 73
Self-citationCAR T cells: Building on the CD19 paradigm
Levin, A. G., Rivière, I., Eshhar, Z., & Sadelain, M. (2021) · European Journal of Immunology · doi:10.1002/eji.202049064 · Cited by 68
Genome-edited allogeneic donor “universal” chimeric antigen receptor T cells
Qasim, W. (2022) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood.2022016204 · Cited by 70
Ruffo, E., Butchy, A., Tivon, Y., So, V., Kvorjak, M., Parikh, A. B., Adams, E. L., Miškov-Živanov, N., Finn, O. J., Deiters, A., et al. (2023) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-023-37863-5 · Cited by 76
Fine-Tuning through Generations: Advances in Structure and Production of CAR-T Therapy
Zheng, Z., Li, S., Liu, M., Chen, C., Zhang, L., & Zhou, D. (2023) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers15133476 · Cited by 75
Biomarkers for prediction of CAR T therapy outcomes: current and future perspectives
Sršen, L., Janžič, L., Ihan, A., & Kopitar, A. N. (2024) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2024.1378944 · Cited by 76
Metadata
- Authors
- Munshi, N. C., Anderson, L. D., Shah, N., Madduri, D., Berdeja, J., Lonial, S., Raje, N., Lin, Y., Siegel, D., Oriol, A., Moreau, P., Yakoub-Agha, I., Delforge, M., Cavo, M., Einsele, H., Goldschmidt, H., Weisel, K., Rambaldi, A., Reece, D., Petrocca, F., Massaro, M., Connarn, J. N., Kaiser, S., Patel, P., Huang, L., Campbell, T. B., Hege, K., & San-Miguel, J.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- Mayo Clinic (US)
- Hackensack University Medical Center (US)
- From the Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Dana–Farber Cancer Institute (N.C.M.), the Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Harvard Medical School (N.C.M.), and Massachusetts General Hospital (N.R.), Boston, and bluebird bio, Cambridge (F.P., M.M.) — all in Massachusetts; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (L.D.A.); the University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (N.S.); Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York ...
- ORCID
- Munshi, Nikhil C.
- Anderson, Larry D.
- Shah, Nina
- Madduri, Deepu
- Berdeja, Jesús
- Lonial, Sagar
- Raje, Noopur
- Lin, Yi
- Siegel, David
- Oriol, Albert
- Moreau, Philippe
- Yakoub-Agha, Ibrahim
- Delforge, Michel
- Einsele, Hermann
- Goldschmidt, Hartmut
- Weisel, Katja
- Rambaldi, Alessandro
- Reece, Donna
- Petrocca, Fabio
- Connarn, Jamie N.
- Kaiser, Shari
- Patel, Payal
- Huang, Liping
- Campbell, Timothy B.
- Hege, Kristen
- Venue
- New England Journal of Medicine
- Publisher
- Massachusetts Medical Society
- Published
- 2021-02-25
- Volume
- 384
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 705-716
- ISSN
- 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
- 1533-4406
- OpenAlex
- W3133229959
- Semantic Scholar
- fd96e2f87dff7d1153a17b78b56fbbab69cb714e
- Cited by
- 2,560
- References
- 17
- Citations by year
- 2026: 411 · 2025: 486 · 2024: 540 · 2023: 493 · 2022: 436 · 2021: 186
- FWCI
- 150.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- New England Journal of Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Lirias (KU Leuven) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Bristol-Myers Squibb
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › CAR-T cell therapy research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Multiple Myeloma Research and Treatments
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protein Degradation and Inhibitors
- Keywords
- idecabtagene vicleucel, CAR T-cell therapy, relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma, BCMA, minimal residual disease, cytokine release syndrome, neurotoxicity, CAR T cell persistence, progression-free survival, complete response, neutropenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia, chimeric antigen receptor T cells
- MeSH terms
- Receptors, Chimeric Antigen, Progression-Free Survival, Cytokine Release Syndrome, Adult, Aged, Female, Hematologic Diseases, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Multiple Myeloma, Recurrence, Biomarkers, Immunotherapy, Adoptive, Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
A language model drew the claims from the paper on 2026-10-11, under version 3 of the claim definition (model deepseek-v4.1-flash, prompt extract-v3).
A second model labelled each claim on 2026-10-11 (model jev-1.13-20260917, definition revision gold-guideline-v0.2).
Cited sources are checked with a language model’s help (gpt-6-sol).
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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