The DOI matches its Crossref record; 129 of the 129 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Mechanisms of Bone Metastasis
Abstract
Extract: Cancer frequently spreads to bone, a process termed bone metastasis. Up to 70% of patients with breast cancer or prostate cancer, and 15 to 30% of patients with lung, colon, bladder or kidney cancer develop bone metastasis. Once tumors go to bone, such as in patients with breast cancer or prostate cancer, they are incurable, and only 20% of patients with breast cancer are still alive five years after they are found to have bone metastasis. It is estimated that about 350,000 people die with bone metastasis each year in the United States. Bone metastasis causes severe bone pain and can result in fractures without any injury, as well as other life-threatening conditions. There are two major types of bone metastasis, one in which bone destruction is the predominant feature and the other one in which new bone formation is predominant. Bone metastasis where bone destruction is the predominant feature is known as osteolytic, and that in which new bone formation is the primary feature is called osteoblastic. This classification for metastasis is really two extremes of a continuum because many patients can have both osteolytic and osteoblastic or mixtures of both in their bone metastasis. In fact, patients with prostate cancer who usually have bone metastasis that shows increased new bone formation also have increased bone destruction in the same lesions.
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Cites
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Alpha Emitter Radium-223 and Survival in Metastatic Prostate Cancer
Parker, C., Nilsson, S., Heinrich, D., Helle, S. I., O'Sullivan, J. M., Fosså, S. D., Chodacki, A., Wiechno, P., Logue, J., Seke, M., et al. (2013) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1213755 · Cited by 3,408
Immune evasion in cancer: mechanistic basis and therapeutic strategies
Vinay, D. S., Ryan, E. P., Pawelec, G., Talib, W. H., Stagg, J., Elkord, E., Lichtor, T., Decker, W. K., Whelan, R. L., Kumara, H. M. C. S., et al. (2015) · Seminars in Cancer Biology · doi:10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.03.004 · Cited by 1,625
Role of tissue stroma in cancer cell invasion
De Wever, O., & Mareel, M. (2003) · The Journal of Pathology · doi:10.1002/path.1398 · Cited by 1,042
Stromal cells in tumor microenvironment and breast cancer
Mao, Y., Keller, E. T., Garfield, D. H., Shen, K., & Wang, J. (2013) · Cancer and Metastasis Reviews · doi:10.1007/s10555-012-9415-3 · Cited by 671
Breast Cancer Cells Interact with Osteoblasts to Support Osteoclast Formation1
Thomas, R. J., Guise, T. A., Yin, J. J., Elliott, J., Horwood, N. J., Martin, T. J., & Gillespie, M. T. (1999) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo.140.10.7037 · Cited by 536
Metadata
- Authors
- Roodman, G. D.
- Venue
- New England Journal of Medicine
- Publisher
- Massachusetts Medical Society
- Published
- 2004-04-15
- Volume
- 350
- Issue
- 16
- Pages
- 1655-1664
- ISSN
- 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
- 1533-4406
- OpenAlex
- W2102969047
- Cited by
- 2,755
- References
- 129
- FWCI
- 46.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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