The DOI matches its Crossref record; 29 of the 29 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; 7 of the 50 sources its claims cite were checked for support.
Re-Thinking Intersectionality
Open accessAbstract
Black feminist and legal studies scholar Jennifer C. Nash asks us to think critically about what has become the discourse and theory most commonly connected to feminism: intersectionality. As Nash puts it, intersectionality is now “the primary analytic tool that feminist and anti-racist scholars deploy for theorizing identity and oppression” (2008, 1). Nash outlines the limits to what she describes as the murky theory of intersectionality, including (1) the lack of a defined intersectional methodology (that is, how we do intersectionality); (2) the use of Black women as quintessential intersectional subjects; and (3) the vague definition of intersectionality. While intersectionality often gets deployed to talk about an individual’s race, class, and gender—which is often reduced to identity—Nash says we need to move beyond such understandings so that we can focus on racism, classism, sexism, and other forms of marginalization as interrelated forms of structural oppression.
Overview
AI snapshot
Written from the paper’s full text.
TL;DR
Nash interrogates the assumptions underlying intersectionality as a feminist and anti-racist analytic, arguing that four unresolved tensions leave the paradigm theoretically and methodologically murky. She frames the critique as a constructive invitation to strengthen intersectionality rather than to abandon it.
Key findings
- Nash identifies four unresolved tensions in intersectionality scholarship: the absence of a clearly defined intersectional methodology, the treatment of black women as the quintessential intersectional subject, the vagueness of the term's definition, and the question of whether the theory matches lived experience.
- She argues that intersectional work often reproduces the cumulative logic it criticizes: Crenshaw's anti-discrimination analysis, while showing that black women's injuries exceed race-or-gender categories, still treats black women's identities as constituted only by race and gender, leaving class, sexuality, nationality, and ethnicity largely unexamined.
- The reliance on black women as a theoretical wedge treats them as a monolithic group and obscures differences among them; Nash also contends that intersectionality largely renames commitments already present in black feminism without specifying what new analytic tools it adds.
- She notes an unresolved dispute over scope — whether all identities are intersectional or only multiply marginalized ones — citing Kwan's observation that straight white male identity would likely be resisted as intersectional, against Zack's claim that all women are intersectional subjects.
- Nash calls for attention to how privilege and oppression are co-constituted within a single subject, and for treating race and gender as distinct, historically specific processes rather than as inextricably fused.
Methods
- Conceptual and theoretical essay; no empirical data collection or sample. The argument proceeds through close reading and critique of key texts in intersectionality and critical race scholarship.
- Draws on McCall's three intersectional methodologies — anticategorical, intracategorical, and intercategorical complexity — to show the gap between methodological prescription and actual intersectional practice.
- Engages primarily with Crenshaw, alongside Wing, Williams, Matsuda, Kwan, Zack, Walcott, and Wacquant, to illustrate the paradoxes Nash identifies.
Limitations
- Nash states explicitly that her aim is not to dismantle intersectionality but to expose its assumptions so scholars can build a more complex account of identity and oppression; she presents questions and challenges rather than a replacement framework.
- Evident from the text: the critique rests on a limited set of canonical sources and offers no empirical test of the claims about lived experience, which Nash herself flags as an open question for the field.
- Evident from the text: the essay diagnoses the missing methodology and theory of agency without supplying either, leaving the constructive program largely programmatic.
Model-written summary. Check it against the paper before relying on it.
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Claims the paper makes
26 Own interpretation · 19 Sources not found · 12 No full text of the sources · 4 Not checked yet · 3 Supported · 2 Partly supported · 2 Not supported · 2 No basis given · accuracy not yet measured
At least one cited source doesn’t support this claim or points to a different paper, and none confirmed it — see the verdicts below.
In the paper
“First, while seeking to underscore problems of exclusion within feminist and anti-racist theory, black women are treated as a unitary and monolithic entity.”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > practices of intersectional methodology
What the sources say
- Disputedcites Crenshaw, 1991 sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
In the Introduction (pp. 1–2), Crenshaw criticizes identity politics for ignoring differences within groups. She explicitly says intersectionality is not a totalizing theory of identity and calls for attention to class, sexuality, and other dimensions of experience. That contradicts the claim that her approach treats Black women as a unitary, monolithic group. (LLM, conf=0.89)
Checked by a reasoning model — may be wrong.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Disputed
At least one cited source doesn’t support this claim or points to a different paper, and none confirmed it — see the verdicts below.
In the paper
“For example, Crenshaw's seminal analysis of the ways in which black women's experiences of sexual assault and domestic violence are mediated by both race and gender neglects the ways in which these experiences are also complicated by class, nationality, language, ethnicity, and sexuality.”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > practices of intersectional methodology
What the sources say
- Disputedcites Crenshaw, 1991 sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Introduction (pp. 1–2) says the analysis focuses on race and gender and acknowledges that sexuality receives limited or no treatment. But the Structural Intersectionality and Battering section (pp. 2–3) expressly analyzes class and explains how immigrant status and cultural barriers compound vulnerability to domestic violence. The claim that the paper neglects these dimensions is therefore contrary to our copy, even though its treatment of sexuality is limited. (LLM, conf=0.89)
Checked by a reasoning model — may be wrong.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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- Disputed
Every source the paper cites for this claim was checked and supports it.
In the paper
“From its inception, intersectionality has had a long-standing interest in one particular intersection: the intersection of race and gender.”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > introduction
What the sources say
- Supportedcites Crenshaw, 1991 source
In the Introduction (p. 2), Crenshaw says she used intersectionality in an earlier article to describe how race and gender interact in Black women's experiences, and that this paper builds on those observations. She explicitly identifies race and gender as her focus here, while noting that other dimensions also matter. (LLM, conf=0.92)
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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- Supported
In the paper
“Intersectionality has become the primary analytic tool that feminist and anti-racist scholars deploy for theorizing identity and oppression.”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > Abstract
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites McCall, 2005 source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“While Crenshaw endeavours to use black women's incapacity to comply with race/ gender categories to demonstrate the inadequacy of the categories themselves, her argument shores up the conception that black women's identities are constituted exclusively by race and gender.”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > practices of intersectional methodology
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“the notion that identity is formed by interlocking and mutually reinforcing vectors of race, gender, class, and sexuality has pervaded black feminist scholarship for decades.”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > introduction
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Davis, 1981
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Moraga, 1983
- Not matchedcites Smith, 1983
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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- Not matched
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“First, it subverts race/gender binaries in the service of theorizing identity in a more complex fashion.”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > introduction
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The re-creation of cumulative conceptions of identity is most apparent in Crenshaw's seminal critique of anti-discrimination law.”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > practices of intersectional methodology
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“That is, black women's race and gender are treated as trans-historical constants that mark all black women in similar ways.”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > practices of intersectional methodology
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Intersectionality's reliance on black women as the basis for its claims to complex subjectivity renders black women prototypical intersectional subjects whose experiences of marginality are imagined to provide a theoretical value-added.”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > practices of intersectional methodology
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Matsuda, 1987
- Not matchedcites Crenshaw, 1989
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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- Probably not a substantial claim. 48
- It may state two separate claims as one. 25
Every source the paper cites for this claim was checked and supports it.
In the paper
“Second, intersectionality aspires to provide a vocabulary to respond to critiques of identity politics.”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > introduction
What the sources say
- Supportedcites Crenshaw, 1991 source
In the Introduction (pp. 1–2), Crenshaw responds to a critique of identity politics by arguing that its problem is not difference itself, but its tendency to ignore differences within groups. She presents intersectionality as a way to account for those overlapping identities, supporting the citing sentence’s paraphrase. (LLM, conf=0.90)
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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Probably not a substantial claim.
- Supported
Every source the paper cites for this claim was checked and supports it.
In the paper
“intersectionality rejects the 'single-axis framework' often embraced by both feminist and anti-racist scholars, instead analysing 'y the various ways in which race and gender interact to shape the multiple dimensions of Black women's y experiences'”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > introduction
What the sources say
- Supportedcites Crenshaw, 1991 source
Split into 2 atoms — 2 confirmed, 0 partially supported, 0 disputed, 0 misattributed, 0 unverifiable. Expand the claim to see per-atom verdicts.
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
- Supported
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“Finally, intersectionality invites scholars to come to terms with the legacy of exclusions of multiply marginalized subjects from feminist and anti-racist work, and the impact of those absences on both theory and practice”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > introduction
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Crenshaw, 1989
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Supportedcites Crenshaw, 1991 source
In the Introduction (pp. 1–2), Crenshaw says feminist and antiracist practices frequently overlook how racism and sexism intersect, marginalizing women of color in both discourses. The discussion of structural intersectionality (p. 3) shows a practical consequence: interventions based on other women’s experiences can fail to address the obstacles women of color face. (LLM, conf=0.92)
- Not matchedcites Williams, 1989
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“Crenshaw's articulation of intersectionality has galvanized an array of disciplines to consider questions of essentialism, exclusion, and complex identity in new ways.”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > the 'so what' question(s): theoretical advances for a new intersectionality
What the sources say
- Partly supportedcites Crenshaw, 1991 sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Introduction (pp. 1–2) articulates intersectionality through the exclusion of women of color from single-axis accounts of race and gender, and calls for attention to multiple grounds of identity. It does not establish the claim that this articulation subsequently galvanized an array of disciplines. (LLM, conf=0.86)
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Partly supported
In the paper
“For Crenshaw, it is the fixed mutually exclusive categorizations of race and gender that marginalize black women.”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > practices of intersectional methodology
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Crenshaw, 1989
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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Probably not a substantial claim.
- Not matched
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Chang and Culp's query suggests the necessity of assessing whether intersectionality describes lived experiences of identity, and developing methodological tools that are sufficiently flexible to attend to the myriad intersections that constitute identity.”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > on methodology and the theoretical primacy of black women theories of intersectional methodology
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“That is, Crenshaw focuses on black women because they are 'multiply burdened', yet her analysis precludes an examination of forms of 'multiple burdens' (or the intersections of privileges and burdens) beyond race and gender.”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > practices of intersectional methodology
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Ultimately, Crenshaw seeks to challenge law and radical critiques of law (i.e.feminist legal theory, critical race theory) to attend to the 'intersectional experiences of those whom the movements claim as their respective constituents'”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > practices of intersectional methodology
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Crenshaw, 1989
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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Probably not a substantial claim.
- Not matched
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“These unresolved conflicts seep into feminist and anti-racist theory, practice, and politics, confusing their conceptions of identity and oppression, and obscuring the normative goals of their work.”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > introduction
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Only a regime that attends to the 'particular manner in which Black women are subordinated' can adequately redress black women's injuries.”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > practices of intersectional methodology
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Crenshaw, 1989
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Not matched
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“To that end, intersectionality has provided a name to a pre-existing theoretical and political commitment.”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > introduction
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
In the paper
“Rather than importing models from the regimes they seek to disrupt, Crenshaw argues that these projects must begin their analytic endeavours by attending to the most disadvantaged.”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > practices of intersectional methodology
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Crenshaw, 1989
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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Probably not a substantial claim.
- Not matched
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“while intersectionality has worked to disrupt cumulative approaches to identity (i.e.race þ gender þ sexuality þ class¼complex identity), and to problematize social processes of categorization through strategic deployments of marginalized subjects' experiences, intersectional projects often replicate precisely the approaches that they critique.”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > practices of intersectional methodology
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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- Based: unclear — It is unclear why the paper says it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“She argues: yI want to assert affirmatively to the legal academy and to ourselves as well, that we black women are more than 'multiply-burdened' entities subject to a multiplicity of oppression, discrimination, pain and depression.Our essence is also characterized by a multiplicity of strength, love, joy, (with a spin leap alive we're alive) and transcendence that flourishes despite adversity.”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > practices of intersectional methodology
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Wing, 1990 source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
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Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“With little attention to the role that sexuality, nationality, or class, for example, might play in mediating or entrenching black women's experiences of 'burdens', black women function exclusively as sites that demonstrate the importance of race-and-gender, rendering black women's experiences the aggregate of race and gender.”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > practices of intersectional methodology
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Wing's use of poetry is not simply to explain the 'multiplicative' nature of black women's experiences; poetry also exemplifies black women's particular relationship with the creative.”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > practices of intersectional methodology
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Wing, 1990 source
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
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Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Crenshaw attacks the assumptions underpinning anti-discrimination law, arguing that black women are compelled to assert either race-based or gender-based discrimination claims instead of causes of action, which reflect their positions as intersectional subjects.”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > practices of intersectional methodology
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Crenshaw, 1989
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
In the paper
“She argues, 'We, as black women, can no longer afford to think of ourselves or let the law think of us as merely the sum of separate parts y .The actuality of our layered experience is multiplicative.”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > practices of intersectional methodology
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Wing, 1990 source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
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Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“to argue that black women's experiences are 'multiplicative' or 'one times one'.”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > practices of intersectional methodology
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Wing, 1990 source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Despite intersectionality's theoretical dominance as a way of conceptualizing identity, a number of paradoxes embedded in its literature remain uninterrogated by feminist and anti-racist scholarship.”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > introduction
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
In the paper
“This 'important theoretical contribution' has become the 'gold standard' multidisciplinary approach for analysing subjects' experiences of both identity and oppression.”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > introduction
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites McCall, 2005 source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Furthermore, Crenshaw offers little attention to the ways in which race and gender function as social processes in distinctive ways for particular black women in varying historical moments.”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > practices of intersectional methodology
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
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Probably not a substantial claim.
In the paper
“Crenshaw insists that simply adding black women to the existing regime will not remedy their marginalization”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > practices of intersectional methodology
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Crenshaw, 1989
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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Probably not a substantial claim.
- Not matched
In the paper
“there has been little discussion of how to study intersectionality, that is, of its methodology”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > on methodology and the theoretical primacy of black women theories of intersectional methodology
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites McCall, 2005 source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
In the paper
“Because law recognizes only race-or gender-based injuries, black women's injuries as black women cannot be wholly addressed by the existing doctrinal structure.”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > practices of intersectional methodology
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Crenshaw, 1989
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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Probably not a substantial claim.
- Not matched
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Ultimately, intersectionality seeks to demonstrate the racial variation(s) within gender and the gendered variation(s) within race”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > introduction
boosteddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Crenshaw's conception of intersectionality, the idea that a 'yfocus on the most privileged group members marginalizes those who are multiply-burdened and obscures claims that cannot be understood as resulting from discrete sources of discrimination' has given politically progressive projects a way of describing both the simultaneity of multiple oppressions and the complexity of identity”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > on methodology and the theoretical primacy of black women theories of intersectional methodology
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Crenshaw, 1989
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Not matched
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Through nonobjective and often non-linear theoretical formations, intersectional scholars have been able to articulate the often ignored injuries of the 'spirit-murder' (Williams, 1989) of 'racism/sexism' (Wing, 1990).”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > practices of intersectional methodology
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Williams, 1989
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Wing, 1990 source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Not matched
In the paper
“Intersectionality's relative inattention to methodology has been explained by the difficulty of crafting a method adequately attentive to 'ythe complexity that arises when the subject of analysis expands to include multiple dimensions of social life and categories of analysis'”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > on methodology and the theoretical primacy of black women theories of intersectional methodology
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites McCall, 2005 source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
In the paper
“McCall's analytic frameworks highlight a tremendous gap between conceptions of intersectional methodology and practices of intersectional investigations.”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > practices of intersectional methodology
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites McCall, 2005 source
boostedcorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
In the paper
“Robert Chang and Jerome McCristal Culp, Jr. highlight the methodological murkiness of intersectionality querying 'How does one pay attention to the points of intersection?How many intersections are there?Is the idea of an intersection the right analogy?'”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > on methodology and the theoretical primacy of black women theories of intersectional methodology
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Chang and Culp, 2002
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
In the paper
“McCall analyses three distinct intersectional methodologies, each with theoretical and practical shortcomings and benefits.”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > on methodology and the theoretical primacy of black women theories of intersectional methodology
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites McCall, 2005 source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
In the paper
“Adrien Wing's work exemplifies the reliance on literary devices to describe black women's experiences.”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > practices of intersectional methodology
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Wing, 1990 source
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
In the paper
“It is precisely because intersectionality is now 'a leading feminist paradigm' with expansive interdisciplinary reach that it is a critical moment to engage with its contradictions, absences, and murkiness”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > introduction
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Zack, 2005
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Yet despite the methodological challenges of complex analyses, some scholars have worked to develop various tools that can be used to craft an intersectional methodology.”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > on methodology and the theoretical primacy of black women theories of intersectional methodology
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“While the use of poetry as a mechanism for disrupting logocentrism is a convention of feminist theory, and the use of narrative is a conventional critical race tool for dislodging law's claims of objectivity, the deployment of poetry as the primary vehicle for evoking the experiences of marginalized subjects suggests a shortcoming in the methodological orientation of intersectional theory.”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > practices of intersectional methodology
hedgeddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“While some scholars have reified cumulative notions of identity, others have used poetry (Wing, 1990), narrative (Williams, 1989), and standpoint epistemology (Matsuda, 1987) as a method for disrupting race-or-gender logic.”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > practices of intersectional methodology
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Wing, 1990 source
- Not matchedcites Williams, 1989
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites Matsuda, 1987
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Because 'black women are theoretically erased', centring black women's experiences makes feminism and anti-racist work's systematic inattention to black women apparent and demonstrates the necessity of deepening feminist and anti-racist conversations (Crenshaw, 1989: 139).”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > practices of intersectional methodology
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Crenshaw, 1989
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
boosteddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
In the paper
“While the 'logic of the trial' enables scholars to locate the racist and sexist practices that undergird seemingly neutral and objective sites (like law), it also tends to ignore the mechanisms through which domination operates, proliferates, and entrenches itself (Wacquant, 1997).”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > the 'so what' question(s): theoretical advances for a new intersectionality
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Wacquant, 1997
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“This unresolved theoretical dispute makes it unclear whether intersectionality is a theory of marginalized subjectivity or a generalized theory of identity.”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > who is intersectional?
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
In the paper
“To that end, black women's experiences are used as a theoretical wedge, designed to demonstrate the shortcomings of conventional feminist and anti-racist work.”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > practices of intersectional methodology
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Crenshaw, 1989
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
- Not matched
In the paper
“In particular, it suggests that the project has yet to produce a mechanism for systematically articulating, aggregating, or examining the 'multiple levels of consciousness' that form the basis of their study of subjectivity”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > practices of intersectional methodology
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Wing, 1990 source
hedgeddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Simply identifying particular intersections as undertheorized or unacknowledged is only the first step in a larger theoretical and political project, which intersectionality has yet to articulate with specificity.”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > the 'so what' question(s): theoretical advances for a new intersectionality
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
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- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence.
In the paper
“Matsuda's intervention demonstrates the interconnections of forms of subordination, yet gestures toward the tendency of intersectional theorists to ignore the intimate connections between privilege and oppression.”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > the 'so what' question(s): theoretical advances for a new intersectionality
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Matsuda, 1990
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
boostedcorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
In the paper
“Her framework underscores the ways in which patriarchy, racism, and heterosexism buttress each other, but ignores the ways in which subjects might be both victimized by patriarchy and privileged by race (it also ignores the ways in which subjects might take pleasure in some of the trappings of patriarchal power) in particular social, cultural, historical, and political moments.”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > the 'so what' question(s): theoretical advances for a new intersectionality
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Matsuda, 1990
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
In the paper
“That is, black women enable scholars to 'ask the other question', to expose the spectres of racism and sexism, which leave their traces even in progressive analyses (Matsuda, 1987).”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > practices of intersectional methodology
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Matsuda, 1987
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
- Not matched
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Furthermore, it suggests that there is something poetic about black women's experiences of both identity and oppression, and that black women are inherently resilient subjects who retain an innate creativity even in the midst of the opposition that a patriarchal white-dominated culture produces.”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > practices of intersectional methodology
hedgeddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Kwan's intervention suggests that intersectionality has generally been opposed to imagining non-multiply marginalized subjects as central to its theoretical and political project, particularly because of its investment in 'recovering' marginalized subjects' voices and experiences.”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > who is intersectional?
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Kwan, 1996
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
hedgeddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
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Probably not a substantial claim.
- Not matched
In the paper
“Generally, intersectional literature has excluded an examination of identities that are imagined as either wholly or even partially privileged, although those identities, like all identities, are always constituted by the intersections of multiple vectors of power.”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > who is intersectional?
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Kwan, 1996
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“These assertions, while useful for problematizing the notion that black women's experiences can be reduced solely to marginalization, ultimately romanticize and idealize positions of social subordination and reinstall conceptions that black women's bodies are sites of 'strength' and 'transcendence' rather than complex spaces of multiple meanings.”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > practices of intersectional methodology
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In particular, intersectionality has yet to contend with whether its theory explains or describes the processes and mechanisms by which subjects mobilize (or choose not to mobilize) particular aspects of their identities in particular circumstances.”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > processes of identity formation
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Now that intersectionality itself has become an institutionalized intellectual project, and the dominant tool for excavating the voices of the marginalized, it is incumbent upon intersectional scholars to critically interrogate the goals of the intersectional project as they determine how to chart the future of this theoretical and political movement.”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > the 'so what' question(s): theoretical advances for a new intersectionality
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Yet neither of these projects has assessed or theorized the repercussions of conceptualizing of identity as 'symbiotically, cosynthetically, multidimensionally, or interconnectedly' formed.”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > the 'so what' question(s): theoretical advances for a new intersectionality
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In particular, black feminism imagines black women's subjectivities as an inherent disloyalty to race-or-gender thinking and marshals black women's stories, experiences, and narratives as a way of continuously and strategically jamming the workings of binary thinking.”
§ 89 re-thinking intersectionality > practices of intersectional methodology
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Intersectionality has been increasingly adopted as an analytical framework in different fields, ranging from gender and feminist studies (Ahmed, 2017;Nash, 2008;Shields, 2008), and psychology (Cole, 2009), to organizational studies (Acker, 2006).”
From Intersectional climate justice: A conceptual pathway for bridging adaptation planning, transformative action, and social equity (2022) · cites this paper as Nash, 2008
Citations
Cites
Mapping the Margins: Intersectionality, Identity Politics, and Violence against Women of Color
Crenshaw, K. (1991) · Stanford Law Review · doi:10.2307/1229039 · Cited by 32,792
Crenshaw, K. (2018) · Feminist Legal Theory · doi:10.4324/9780429500480-5 · Cited by 9,510
The Complexity of Intersectionality
McCall, L. (2005) · Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society · doi:10.1086/426800 · Cited by 6,682
(2024) · doi:10.4135/9781529691627 · Cited by 1,830
Inessential woman: problems of exclusion in feminist thought
(1989) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.26-5715 · Cited by 1,606
Hill Collins, P. (2002) · Routledge · doi:10.4324/9780203900055 · Cited by 1,532
Harvard Civil Rights: Civil Liberties Law Review
Alday, R. E. (1993) · Derechos y libertades: Revista de Filosofía del Derecho y derechos humanos · Cited by 1,436
The alchemy of race and rights
Munster, A. (1992) · Journal of Criminal Justice · doi:10.1016/0047-2352(92)90026-6 · Cited by 1,280
Anderson, K., & Davis, A. Y. (1982) · The Journal of American History · doi:10.2307/1903191 · Cited by 1,087
African-American Women's History and the Metalanguage of Race
Higginbotham, E. B. (1992) · Signs · doi:10.1086/494730 · Cited by 966
Research works printed but not linked: 6
- Chang R.S., 2002, University of Missouri-Kansas City Law Review, 71, 485
- Crenshaw K., 1992, Raceing Justice, Engendering Power
- Kwan P., 1996, Hastings Law Journal, 48, 1257
- Matsuda M., 1992, Women's Rights Law Reporter, 14, 297
- Wacquant L., 1997, Political Power and Social Theory II, 221
- Wing A.K., 1990, Berkeley Women's Law Journal, 6, 181
Cited by
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Feminist and Anti-Feminist Identification in the 21st Century United States
Elder, L., Greene, S., & Lizotte, M. (2021) · Journal of Women Politics & Policy · doi:10.1080/1554477x.2021.1929607 · Cited by 32
“Understanding feminist identification also requires explicit attention to the ways race, ethnicity, and gender work together to shape feminist identification (Crenshaw 1989; Nash 2008).”
BackgroundA gender perspective on work-related accidents
Jensen, S. Q., Kyed, M., Christensen, A.-D., Bloksgaard, L., Hansen, C. D., & Nielsen, K. J. (2014) · Safety Science · doi:10.1016/j.ssci.2013.12.004 · Cited by 32
Holmgren, J., Emami, A., Eriksson, L. E., & Eriksson, H. (2013) · Nursing Inquiry · doi:10.1111/nin.12046 · Cited by 36
Rethinking Intersectionality and Whiteness at the Borders of Citizenship
Byrne, B. (2015) · Sociological Research Online · doi:10.5153/sro.3790 · Cited by 30
Earnshaw, V. A., Rosenthal, L., Gilstad‐Hayden, K., Carroll‐Scott, A., Kershaw, T., Santilli, A., & Ickovics, J. R. (2018) · Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1002/casp.2342 · Cited by 33
Intersektionalität und Postkoloniale Soziale Arbeit
Varela, M. D. M. C., & Mohamed, S. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-658-26613-4_39-1 · Cited by 31
Evaluating Claims of Intersectionality
Block, R., Golder, M., & Golder, S. (2023) · The Journal of Politics · doi:10.1086/723813 · Cited by 35
“Black women, for example, are often considered to be the “prototypical intersectional subjects” (Nash 2008, 4), and recent work considers the potential dangers, challenges, and opportunities associated with expanding the conceptual and empirical focus of intersectionality research beyond Black…”
BackgroundRoth, R. E., Çöltekin, A., Delazari, L. S., Denney, B., Mendonça, A., Ricker, B. A., Shen, J., Stachoň, Z., & Wu, M. (2024) · Journal of Location Based Services · doi:10.1080/17489725.2023.2251423 · Cited by 29
Identity, intersectionality, and mixed‐methods approaches
Harper, C. E. (2011) · New Directions for Institutional Research · doi:10.1002/ir.402 · Cited by 34
Guittar, N. A., & Pals, H. (2013) · Current Sociology · doi:10.1177/0011392113516985 · Cited by 32
Comparison in intersectional discrimination
Atrey, S. (2018) · Legal Studies · doi:10.1017/lst.2017.17 · Cited by 30
The Dehumanization of Black Males by Police: Teaching Social Justice—Black Life Really Does Matter!
Adedoyin, A. C., Moore, S. E., Robinson, M. A., Clayton, D. M., Boamah, D. A., & Harmon, D. K. (2019) · Journal of Teaching in Social Work · doi:10.1080/08841233.2019.1586807 · Cited by 38
“…persons, based on the concept of team-based learning (Robinson, Robinson, & McCaskill, 2011), and assigned to read the articles by African American Policy Forum (n.d.), Association for Women ’ s Rights in Development (2004), Crenshaw (1991), Knudsen (2007), and Nash (2008) prior to coming to class.”
Søraa, R. A., Anfinsen, M., Foulds, C., Korsnes, M. S., Lagesen, V. A., Robison, R., & Ryghaug, M. (2019) · Energy Research & Social Science · doi:10.1016/j.erss.2019.101380 · Cited by 33
Keuchenius, A., & Mügge, L. M. (2021) · British Journal of Sociology · doi:10.1111/1468-4446.12816 · Cited by 42
The Migration–Development Nexus: Current Challenges and Future Research Agenda
Bastia, T. (2013) · Geography Compass · doi:10.1111/gec3.12055 · Cited by 31
Palumbo, L., & Sciurba, A. (2015) · Anti-Trafficking Review · doi:10.14197/atr.20121556 · Cited by 35
Cook‐Sather, A., Des-Ogugua, C., & Bahti, M. (2017) · Teaching in Higher Education · doi:10.1080/13562517.2017.1391201 · Cited by 32
“Intersectionality is a term coined by Crenshaw (1989), who used it to underscore the ‘“multidimensionality” of marginalized subjects’ lived experiences (Crenshaw 1989, 139)’ (quoted in Nash 2008, 1).”
BackgroundHinni, C. (2022) · transcript Verlag eBooks · doi:10.1515/9783839460580 · Cited by 28
Erving, C. L., McKinnon, I. I., Tobin, C. S. T., Dyke, M. E. V., Murden, R., Moore, R. H., Booker, B., Vaccarino, V., & Lewis, T. T. (2024) · Social Problems · doi:10.1093/socpro/spae007 · Cited by 33
Halrynjo, S., & Jonker, M. (2015) · Gender Work and Organization · doi:10.1111/gwao.12089 · Cited by 30
Contextual Expertise and the Development of Organization and Management Theory
Gümüşay, A. A., & Amis, J. (2020) · European Management Review · doi:10.1111/emre.12434 · Cited by 31
“It also involves disentangling intersectional social identities that entail contradictory and colliding elements (Nash, 2008).”
BackgroundThe Operationalizing Intersectionality Framework
Kriger, D., Keyser-Verreault, A., Joseph, J., & Peers, D. (2022) · Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology · doi:10.1123/jcsp.2021-0069 · Cited by 38
Edge, D. (2013) · Critical Public Health · doi:10.1080/09581596.2012.760727 · Cited by 34
Shaping gender inequalities: critical moments and critical places
Riaño, Y., Limacher, K., Aschwanden, A., Hirsig, S., & Wastl‐Walter, D. (2015) · Equality Diversity and Inclusion An International Journal · doi:10.1108/edi-12-2013-0112 · Cited by 28
Gender, difference and urban change: implications for the promotion of well-being?
Walker, J., Frediani, A., & Trani, J. (2013) · Environment and Urbanization · doi:10.1177/0956247812468996 · Cited by 33
Owen, N. (2019) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190945862.001.0001 · Cited by 29
Non-Belonging: borders, boundaries, and bodies at the interface of migration and citizenship studies
Korteweg, A. C., & Yurdakul, G. (2024) · Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies · doi:10.1080/1369183x.2024.2289704 · Cited by 31
“…shows that categories of di ff erence are mutually constituted while politically, intersectionality centers those at the margins of the social world (Amelina and Lutz 2018; Choo and Ferree 2010; Christo ff ersen and Emejulu 2023; Collins 2000; Crenshaw 1991; Hancock 2007; Nash 2008).”
BackgroundMalheiros, J., & Padilla, B. (2014) · Identities · doi:10.1080/1070289x.2014.950970 · Cited by 36
“One new avenue for applying intersectionality theories may lie in examining subjects who are ‘wholly or partially privileged’ (Nash 2008) such as female immigrant entrepreneurs.”
BackgroundGibson, S., & Cook‐Sather, A. (2020) · International Journal for Students as Partners · doi:10.15173/ijsap.v4i1.3996 · Cited by 27
Powers, B., Loarne–Lemaire, S. L., Maâlaoui, A., & Kraus, S. (2020) · International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research · doi:10.1108/ijebr-06-2020-0400 · Cited by 30
Sobre usos e possibilidades da interseccionalidade
Pereira, B. C. J. (2021) · Civitas - Revista de Ciências Sociais · doi:10.15448/1984-7289.2021.3.40551 · Cited by 68
The identity of the sport psychology profession: A multinational perspective
Quartiroli, A., Wagstaff, C. R. D., Hunter, H., & Martin, D. R. F. (2022) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2022.102140 · Cited by 27
Doc McStuffins and Dora the Explorer : representations of gender, race, and class in US animation
Keys, J. (2016) · Journal of Children and Media · doi:10.1080/17482798.2015.1127835 · Cited by 31
Nash, M., & Warin, M. J. (2016) · Feminist Theory · doi:10.1177/1464700116666253 · Cited by 28
Authenticity in Leadership: Intersectionality of Identities
Jones, S. R. (2016) · New Directions for Student Leadership · doi:10.1002/yd.20206 · Cited by 31
Language in fieldwork: Making visible the ethnographic impact of the researcher's linguistic fluency
Tanu, D., & Dales, L. (2015) · The Australian Journal of Anthropology · doi:10.1111/taja.12150 · Cited by 29
Liebe, U., & Beyer, H. (2020) · Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies · doi:10.1080/1369183x.2019.1710118 · Cited by 27
“Intersectional discrimination based on the categories gender and perceived ethnicity (Crenshaw 1990; Grabham et al. 2008; Nash 2008) seems to be an issue in our sample; yet, it is only directed towards Italians.”
BackgroundMetaphors of intersectionality: Reframing the debate with a new proposal
Rodó-Zárate, M., & Jorba, M. (2020) · European Journal of Women s Studies · doi:10.1177/1350506820930734 · Cited by 34
Respectful maternity care in the UK using a decolonial lens
Lokugamage, A. U., Robinson, N., Pathberiya, S. D. C., Wong, S., & Douglass, C. (2022) · SN Social Sciences · doi:10.1007/s43545-022-00576-5 · Cited by 28
Intersectionality – A challenge for development research and practice?
Grünenfelder, J., & Schurr, C. (2015) · Development in Practice · doi:10.1080/09614524.2015.1059800 · Cited by 29
Auer, M., Sutcliffe, J. B., & Lee, M. (2018) · Media War & Conflict · doi:10.1177/1750635218769931 · Cited by 29
Is More Always Merrier? Intersectionality as an Antecedent of Job Insecurity
Lavaysse, L. M., Probst, T. M., & Arena, D. F. (2018) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph15112559 · Cited by 31
“‘Intersectionality’ has become a buzzword in recent years [17], even appearing in popular press articles [18].”
BackgroundAllison, J. E., Herrera, J. S., Struna, J., & Reese, E. R. (2018) · Journal of Labor and Society · doi:10.1111/wusa.12366 · Cited by 25
Bamidele, O. O., McGarvey, H. E., Lagan, B. M., Chinegwundoh, F., Ali, N., & McCaughan, E. (2018) · European Journal of Cancer Care · doi:10.1111/ecc.12977 · Cited by 33
Dusen, B. V., Cian, H., Nissen, J., Arellano, L., & Woods, A. D. (2024) · Sociology of Education · doi:10.1177/00380407241254092 · Cited by 33
Unnamed Others: How Can Thinking about “Animals” Matter to Feminist Theorizing?
Birke, L. I. A. (2012) · NORA - Nordic Journal of Feminist and Gender Research · doi:10.1080/08038740.2012.674059 · Cited by 25
The Disclosure, Disconnect, and Digital Sexploitation of Tween Girls' Aspirational YouTube Videos
Gaunt, K. D. (2018) · Journal of black sexuality and relationships · doi:10.1353/bsr.2018.0017 · Cited by 25
Advancing Theoretical Frameworks for Intersectional Research on Women in STEM
Gayles, J. G., & Smith, K. N. (2018) · New Directions for Institutional Research · doi:10.1002/ir.20274 · Cited by 32
Gill, A., & Pires, T. R. D. O. (2019) · Contexto Internacional · doi:10.1590/s0102-8529.2019410200003 · Cited by 29
“…and 288 vol. 41(2) May/Aug 2019 Gill & Pires disputes that point to problems of the order of the mobilisation of an intersectional method or politics (Nash 2008) often leave silent the why and how such categories have come to be, which can only be accessed in historically localised ways, and the…”
Background“Doing gender” in critical event studies: a dual agenda for research
Dashper, K. L., & Finkel, R. (2020) · International Journal of Event and Festival Management · doi:10.1108/ijefm-03-2020-0014 · Cited by 29
Wesson, P., Vittinghoff, E., Turner, C., Arayasirikul, S., McFarland, W., & Wilson, E. C. (2021) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2020.306055 · Cited by 27
Intersectionality and social justice in programs for boys and men
Keddie, A., Flood, M., & Hewson-Munro, S. (2022) · NORMA · doi:10.1080/18902138.2022.2026684 · Cited by 29
“Despite such recognitions, much intersectional scholarship has centered on the particular positions of multiply marginalized subjects, omitting an explicit examination of identities that are privileged along multiple axes of difference (Nash, 2008).”
BackgroundIntersectionality and Public Policy: Some Lessons from Existing Models
Hankivsky, O., & Cormier, R. L. (2019) · The Politics of Intersectionality · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-98473-5_4 · Cited by 29
Sharp, E. A., & Weaver, S. E. (2015) · Journal of Family Theory & Review · doi:10.1111/jftr.12080 · Cited by 26
van Merriënboer, M., Verver, M., & Radu-Lefebvre, M. (2023) · International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research · doi:10.1108/ijebr-01-2023-0037 · Cited by 28
Ordinary Intersections: Speculations on Difference, Justice, and Utopia in Black Queer Life
McGlotten, S. (2012) · Transforming Anthropology · doi:10.1111/j.1548-7466.2011.01146.x · Cited by 24
Collings, S., Dew, A., Gordon, T., Spencer, M., & Dowse, L. (2017) · Journal of Public Child Welfare · doi:10.1080/15548732.2017.1379456 · Cited by 26
“Inequality is not shaped by one factor but many, so, by subverting binary categories such as gender and race, intersectionality helps illuminate the differences within, and not only between social groups (Nash, 2008).”
BackgroundIntersectionality and Women’s Political Empowerment Worldwide
Hughes, M. M., & Dubrow, J. K. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-64006-8_4 · Cited by 24
Disability and the Edges of Intersectionality
Kafer, A., & Kim, E.-J. (2017) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316104316.010 · Cited by 34
Huang, Y., & Fang, L. (2018) · American Journal of Orthopsychiatry · doi:10.1037/ort0000328 · Cited by 30
Mapping the Travels of Intersectionality Scholarship: A Citation Network Analysis
Moradi, B., Parent, M. C., Weis, A. S., Ouch, S., & Broad, K. L. (2020) · Psychology of Women Quarterly · doi:10.1177/0361684320902408 · Cited by 32
“Contemporary publications that were central, drawing together other publications in the cluster, included analyses of the state of the field and conceptualizations of intersectionality (e.g., Cho et al., 2013; K. Davis, 2008; Nash, 2008; Prins, 2006).”
BackgroundIntersectionality as a Regulative Ideal
Gasdaglis, K., & Madva, A. (2020) · Ergo an Open Access Journal of Philosophy · doi:10.3998/ergo.12405314.0006.044 · Cited by 26
The labor market integration of immigrant women in Europe: context, theory, and evidence
Schieckoff, B., & Sprengholz, M. (2021) · SN Social Sciences · doi:10.1007/s43545-021-00279-3 · Cited by 37
“While there are certainly always other stratifying factors in play that make individual life experiences (and labor market outcomes) quite unique (Crenshaw 1990; Nash 2008), the possibilities to approach these intersections via quantitative research are limited.”
BackgroundAgency in multiple temporalities: Being Syrian women, becoming widows and refugees, remaining pious
Özkaleli, U. (2021) · Women s Studies International Forum · doi:10.1016/j.wsif.2021.102538 · Cited by 25
Sex Work, Immigration and Social Difference
Ham, J. (2016) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781315683799 · Cited by 23
Identity politics revisited: On Audre Lorde, intersectionality, and mobilizing writing styles
Ilmonen, K. (2017) · European Journal of Women s Studies · doi:10.1177/1350506817702410 · Cited by 28
Goikoetxea, I. G. (2017) · Investigaciones Feministas · doi:10.5209/infe.54498 · Cited by 39
Sustaining Democracy: Localization, Globalization, and Feminist Praxis
Naples, N. A. (2013) · Sociological Forum · doi:10.1111/socf.12054 · Cited by 25
Intersections of Gender and National Identity in Sport: A Cultural Sociological Overview
Broch, T. B. (2016) · Sociology Compass · doi:10.1111/soc4.12385 · Cited by 25
Gendered Matters: Undocumented Mexican Mothers in the Current Policy Context
Belliveau, M. (2011) · Affilia · doi:10.1177/0886109910392534 · Cited by 23
INTERSECTIONALITY, COGNITION, DISCLOSURE AND BLACK LGBT VIEWS ON CIVIL RIGHTS AND MARRIAGE EQUALITY
McGuffey, C. S. (2018) · Du Bois Review Social Science Research on Race · doi:10.1017/s1742058x18000218 · Cited by 23
Intersecting Identities: Old Age and Gender in Local Party Politics
Randall, V. (2016) · Parliamentary Affairs · doi:10.1093/pa/gsv061 · Cited by 23
Gender Differences and Intersectionality in Community Organizing
Mizrahi, T., & Greenawalt, J. (2017) · Journal of Community Practice · doi:10.1080/10705422.2017.1356784 · Cited by 25
Enacting Critical Citizenship: An Intersectional Approach to Global Citizenship Education
de Vries, M. (2020) · Societies · doi:10.3390/soc10040091 · Cited by 30
“This also partially answers concerns about which individuals are intersectional, as the transferability of the Black women’s unique experiences regarding intersecting oppressions has been debated [19].”
BackgroundInfluentialIdahosa, G. E., & Mkhize, Z. V. (2021) · Agenda · doi:10.1080/10130950.2021.1919533 · Cited by 30
“Intersectionality theory focuses on three main areas: it questions the race/ gender binary and argues for an understanding of multi-dimensions, which includes the ways in which race, gender, class identity and context, as well as other factors, affect experience (Nash 2008).”
InfluentialSimatele, M., & Kabange, M. M. (2022) · Journal of risk and financial management · doi:10.3390/jrfm15090380 · Cited by 33
Sim, E., & Jeong, S. (2023) · Human Resource Development Review · doi:10.1177/15344843231205066 · Cited by 26
“…(b) research methods (e.g., Bowleg & Bauer, 2016; Choo & Ferree, 2010; Else-Quest & Hyde, 2016; Hancock, 2019; Tatli & ¨Ozbilgin, 2012; Winker & Degele, 2011); (c) research subjects (e.g., Carbado, 2013; Marfelt, 2016; Nash, 2008, 2011), and (d) research contexts (e.g., Grabe & Else-Quest, 2012).”
Junk, W. M., Romeijn, J., & Rasmussen, A. (2020) · Journal of European Public Policy · doi:10.1080/13501763.2020.1767179 · Cited by 30
“Ultimately, such research links to the literature on intersectionality in feminist thinking (Nash, 2008; Shields 2008), addressing how multiple aspects of our identities, i.e., gender, but also ethnic-and economic-background, combine to create advantages or disadvantages in political representation.”
BackgroundTinner, L., & Curbelo, A. A. (2024) · International Journal for Equity in Health · doi:10.1186/s12939-024-02133-3 · Cited by 34
Using the Five Faces of Oppression to Teach About Interlocking Systems of Oppression
Shlasko, D. (2015) · Equity & Excellence in Education · doi:10.1080/10665684.2015.1057061 · Cited by 28
Schmitz, R. M. (2016) · Sociological Focus · doi:10.1080/00380237.2016.1135029 · Cited by 26
Vinh, N. T., King, J., Edwards, N., et al. (2021) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.114231 · Cited by 22
An Untraditional Intersectional Analysis of the 2008 Election
Hancock, A. (2009) · Politics & Gender · doi:10.1017/s1743923x09000075 · Cited by 23
Gender Dilemmas in International Development Studies
Harcourt, W. (2016) · European Journal of Development Research · doi:10.1057/ejdr.2016.6 · Cited by 22
Rodriguez, J., & Freeman, K. J. (2016) · Whiteness and Education · doi:10.1080/23793406.2016.1162193 · Cited by 23
Cruz, T. M. (2016) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2016.12.025 · Cited by 23
Thinking Intersectionally and Why Difference (Still) Matters in Feminist Leisure and Sport Research
Watson, B. (2017) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1057/978-1-137-53318-0_20 · Cited by 26
Intersections between gender and other relevant social determinants of health inequalities
Goicolea, I., Öhman, A., & Vives‐Cases, C. (2017) · Global Health Action · doi:10.1080/16549716.2017.1397909 · Cited by 22
Cognitive Linguistic and Experimental Methods in Critical Discourse Studies
Hart, C. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108348195.010 · Cited by 22
Wigle, J., Paul, S., Birn, A., Gladstone, B., Kalolo, M., Banda, L., & Braitstein, P. K. A. (2022) · PLOS Global Public Health · doi:10.1371/journal.pgph.0001297 · Cited by 24
Liu, J. (2017) · International Journal of Chinese Education · doi:10.1163/22125868-12340082 · Cited by 34
Institutional racism in the film industry: a multilevel perspective
Hennekam, S., & Syed, J. (2018) · Equality Diversity and Inclusion An International Journal · doi:10.1108/edi-05-2017-0108 · Cited by 23
Constructing white autochthony in South Africa’s “soul country”: Intersections of race and land
Burnett, S. (2019) · Discourse Context & Media · doi:10.1016/j.dcm.2018.12.002 · Cited by 21
Representations of gender and race in Ryan Coogler’s filmBlack Panther: disrupting Hollywood tropes
Bucciferro, C. (2021) · Critical Studies in Media Communication · doi:10.1080/15295036.2021.1889012 · Cited by 21
“Scholars advocating for perspectives that focus on more than one category of difference have highlighted the need for research that considers intersections of gender and race (Collins, 2015; Nakayama, 2000; Nash, 2008).”
BackgroundTan, S., O’Halloran, K. L., & Wignell, P. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108348195.013 · Cited by 24
Joseph, A. J. (2014) · Intersectionalities: A Global Journal of Social Work Analysis, Research, Polity, and Practice · doi:10.48336/ijpuqb7009 · Cited by 22
Gendered mobilities in the North: Advancing an international comparative perspective
Walsh, D., Valestrand, H., Gerrard, S., et al. (2013) · Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift - Norwegian Journal of Geography · doi:10.1080/00291951.2013.847857 · Cited by 21
Conceptual Resources for Questioning ‘Child as Educator’
Burman, E. (2013) · Studies in Philosophy and Education · doi:10.1007/s11217-012-9353-0 · Cited by 23
Bhopal, K. (2014) · Gender and Education · doi:10.1080/09540253.2014.935301 · Cited by 23
New perspectives on linguistic variation and ethnic identity in North America
Hall‐Lew, L., & Yaeger‐Dror, M. (2014) · Language & Communication · doi:10.1016/j.langcom.2013.11.001 · Cited by 22
Metadata
- Authors
- Nash, J. C.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Nash, Jennifer C.
- ORCID
- Nash, Jennifer C.
- Venue
- Feminist Review
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2008-06
- Volume
- 89
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 1-15
- ISSN
- 0141-7789 (ISSN-L)
- 1466-4380
- OpenAlex
- W2102167286
- Cited by
- 1,995
- References
- 28
- Citations by year
- 2026: 119 · 2025: 114 · 2024: 163 · 2023: 116 · 2022: 155 · 2021: 202 · 2020: 184 · 2019: 180 · 2018: 142 · 2017: 115 · 2016: 91 · 2015: 100 · 2014: 85 · 2013: 81 · 2012: 73
- FWCI
- 57.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- philarchive.org
- Locations
- Feminist Review (publishedVersion)
- Routledge eBooks (publishedVersion)
- PhilPapers (PhilPapers Foundation) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Feminist Theory and Gender Studies
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Feminism, Gender, and Sexuality Studies
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Gender, Health, and Social Inequality
- Keywords
- intersectionality, critique of intersectionality, Black feminism, systemic oppression, racism, classism, sexism, marginalization, identity, anti-racism, Black women, feminist theory, race, class, and gender
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