A Classification of Techniques for Controlling Situational Precipitators of Crime
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The deter-and-disrupt model and the caring security culture model are complementary stages of a single criminological architecture, not alternatives.
“Following Wortley's extension of situational crime prevention, the two models are positioned not as alternatives but as complementary stages of a single criminological architecture.”
From Geopolitical competition, online radicalisation, and organisational culture as vectors of the evolving insider threat (2026) · cites this paper as [54]
SCP is best understood as operating at two causal stages: the manipulation of opportunity structures once motivation exists, and the control of environmental precipitators that shape whether motivation develops in the first place.
“Following Wortley's extension of situational crime prevention, SCP is best understood as operating at two causal stages: the manipulation of opportunity structures once motivation exists, and the control of environmental precipitators that shape whether motivation develops in the first place [14, 54].”
From Geopolitical competition, online radicalisation, and organisational culture as vectors of the evolving insider threat (2026) · cites this paper as [54]
Wortley argues that SCP underestimates the role of motivational precipitators, which are environmental conditions that not only permit but actively provoke offending.
“Wortley argues that SCP underestimates the role of motivational precipitators, which are environmental conditions that not only permit but actively provoke offending [54]”
From Geopolitical competition, online radicalisation, and organisational culture as vectors of the evolving insider threat (2026) · cites this paper as [54]
The integrated framework advances SCP theory by treating insider threat as a hybrid category in which structural controls and the cultural conditions surrounding them must be addressed in parallel rather than sequentially.
“The integrated framework advances SCP theory by treating insider threat as a hybrid category in which structural controls and the cultural conditions surrounding them must be addressed in parallel rather than sequentially [54].”
From Geopolitical competition, online radicalisation, and organisational culture as vectors of the evolving insider threat (2026) · cites this paper as [54]
This vector challenges the rational choice assumptions of classical SCP, since fixated individuals may not engage in bounded cost-benefit calculation.
“This vector challenges the rational choice assumptions of classical SCP, since fixated individuals may not engage in bounded cost-benefit calculation [54].”
From Geopolitical competition, online radicalisation, and organisational culture as vectors of the evolving insider threat (2026) · cites this paper as [54]
Cites
Techniques of Neutralization: A Theory of Delinquency
Sykes, G. M., & Matza, D. (1957) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/2089195 · Cited by 5,845 · see citing works
Obedience to Authority: An Experimental View.
Wenglinsky, M., & Milgram, S. (1975) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2064024 · Cited by 3,291 · see citing works
Cornish, D. B., & Clarke, R. V. (2014) · Cited by 1,781 · see citing works
Employee theft as a reaction to underpayment inequity: The hidden cost of pay cuts.
Greenberg, J. (1990) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.75.5.561 · Cited by 1,648 · see citing works
Influence of models' reinforcement contingencies on the acquisition of imitative responses.
Bandura, A. (1965) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0022070 · Cited by 1,314 · see citing works
Social Learning and Deviant Behavior: A Specific Test of a General Theory
Akers, R. L., Krohn, M. D., Lanza‐Kaduce, L., & Radosevich, M. (1995) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-9829-6_12 · Cited by 1,200 · see citing works
(1975) · Cited by 1,065 · see citing works
Interpersonal dynamics in a simulated prison.
Haney, C. W., Banks, C., & Zimbardo, P. G. (1973) · Cited by 952 · see citing works
Chen, P. Y., & Spector, P. E. (1992) · Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1992.tb00495.x · Cited by 524 · see citing works
Defensible Space: People and Design in the Violent City
Newman, O. (1973) · Cited by 465 · see citing works
The physical environment of street crime: Defensible space, territoriality and incivilities
Perkins, D. D., Wandersman, A. H., Rich, R. C., & Taylor, R. B. (1993) · Journal of Environmental Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0272-4944(05)80213-0 · Cited by 346 · see citing works
Effects of alcohol on aggression in male social drinkers.
Lang, A. R., Goeckner, D. J., Adesso, V. J., & Marlatt, G. A. (1975) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0077055 · Cited by 328 · see citing works
A Social Learning Theory Analysis of Computer Crime among College Students
Skinner, W. F., & FREAM, A. M. (1997) · Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency · doi:10.1177/0022427897034004005 · Cited by 309 · see citing works
Toward a psychological theory of crowding.
Desor, J. A. (1972) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0032112 · Cited by 308 · see citing works
URBAN GRAFFITI AS TERRITORIAL MARKERS∗
Ley, D., & Cybriwsky, R. A. (1974) · Annals of the Association of American Geographers · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8306.1974.tb00998.x · Cited by 305 · see citing works
The Impact of Suicide in Television Movies
Gould, M. S., & Shaffer, D. (1986) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198609113151107 · Cited by 299 · see citing works
Status factors in pedestrian violation of traffic signals.
Lefkowitz, M. M., Blake, R. R., & Mouton, J. S. (1955) · Journal of Abnormal & Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0042000 · Cited by 244 · see citing works
Marlatt, G. (1996) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1996.tb02326.x · Cited by 241 · see citing works
STORMS, P. L., & Spector, P. E. (1987) · Journal of Occupational Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1987.tb00255.x · Cited by 229 · see citing works
Prison Violence: The Contribution of Crowding Versus Other Determinants of Prison Assault Rates
Gaes, G. G., & McGUIRE, W. J. (1985) · Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency · doi:10.1177/0022427885022001003 · Cited by 218 · see citing works
Territoriality, defensible space and residential burglary: An environmental analysis
Brown, B. B., & Altman, I. (1983) · Journal of Environmental Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0272-4944(83)80001-2 · Cited by 208 · see citing works
The Prediction and Prevention of Violence in Pubs and Clubs
Homel, R. J. (1995) · Griffith Research Online · Cited by 203 · see citing works
Anderson, C. A. (1987) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.52.6.1161 · Cited by 199 · see citing works
Bushman, B. J., & Stack, A. D. (1996) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Applied · doi:10.1037/1076-898x.2.3.207 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Air pollution, weather, and violent crimes: Concomitant time-series analysis of archival data.
Rotton, J., & Frey, J. H. (1985) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.49.5.1207 · Cited by 183 · see citing works
Cox, V. C., Paulus, P. B., & McCain, G. (1984) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037//0003-066x.39.10.1148 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
The Role of Psychological Reactance in Drinking Following Alcohol Prevention Messages 1
Bensley, L. S., & Wu, R. (1991) · Journal of Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1991.tb00461.x · Cited by 175 · see citing works
The Impact of Mass Media Violence on U.S. Homicides
Phillips, D. P. (1983) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/2117722 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Architecture and social behavior: Psychological studies of social density
Baum, A. E., & Valins, S. (1977) · Cited by 169 · see citing works
A Revised Classification of Situational Crime Prevention Techniques
Homel, R. J., & Clarke, R. V. (1997) · Griffith Research Online · Cited by 165 · see citing works
Barbaree, H. E., & Marshall, W. L. (1989) · Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science/Revue canadienne des sciences du comportement · doi:10.1037/h0079791 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
Assault as a function of time and temperature: A moderator-variable time-series analysis.
Cohn, E. G., & Rotton, J. (1997) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.72.6.1322 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Bullying : A Practical Guide to Coping for Schools
Elliott, M. (2002) · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Effects of noise and perceived control on ongoing and subsequent aggressive behavior.
Donnerstein, E., & Wilson, D. W. (1976) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.34.5.774 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Leyens, J., Camino, L., Parke, R. D., & Berkowitz, L. J. (1975) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.32.2.346 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Prison Officers and Their World.
Everett, R. S., & Kauffman, K. (1990) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2073485 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Media Violence, Antisocial Behavior, and the Social Consequences of Small Effects
Rosenthal, R. (1986) · Journal of Social Issues · doi:10.1111/j.1540-4560.1986.tb00247.x · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Commission of inquiry into possible illegal activities and associated police misconduct
Fitzgerald, T. (1989) · Cited by 100 · see citing works
OFFICE PAPER RECYCLING: A FUNCTION OF CONTAINER PROXIMITY
Brothers, K. J., Krantz, P. J., & McClannahan, L. E. (1994) · Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis · doi:10.1901/jaba.1994.27-153 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Hollinger, R. C., Slora, K. B., & Terris, W. (1992) · Deviant Behavior · doi:10.1080/01639625.1992.9967906 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Environmental interventions for litter control.
Geller, E. S., Witmer, J. F., & Tuso, M. A. (1977) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037//0021-9010.62.3.344 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Reactance and Norm Appeal in Anti‐Littering Messages
Reich, J. W., & Robertson, J. L. (1979) · Journal of Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1979.tb00796.x · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Homel, R. J., Hauritz, M. A., Wortley, R., McIlwain, G., & Carvolth, R. (1997) · Griffith Research Online · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Self-citationPornography and Sexual Deviance
Goldstein, M. J., & Kant, H. S. (1973) · University of California Press eBooks · doi:10.1525/9780520310209 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Gang Violence in Texas Prisons
Ralph, P. H., & Marquart, J. W. (1991) · The Prison Journal · doi:10.1177/003288559107100205 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Education to Reduce Impacts in Forest Campgrounds
Oliver, S. S., Roggenbuck, J. W., & Watson, A. E. (1985) · Journal of Forestry · doi:10.1093/jof/83.4.234 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Organizational culture and employee counterproductivity.
Boye, M. W., & Jones, J. W. (1997) · Cited by 76 · see citing works
The Effect of Suicide Stories on Various Demographic Groups, 1968–1985
Phillips, D. P., & Carstensen, L. L. (1988) · Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior · doi:10.1111/j.1943-278x.1988.tb00145.x · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Increasing automobile seat belt use: An intervention emphasizing risk susceptibility.
Weinstein, N. D., Grubb, P. D., & Vautier, J. S. (1986) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.71.2.285 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Pornography and sexual abuse of women
Silbert, M. H., & Pines, A. M. (1984) · Sex Roles · doi:10.1007/bf00288509 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Litter in a University Cafeteria
Durdan, C. A., Reeder, G. D., & Hecht, P. R. (1985) · Environment and Behavior · doi:10.1177/0013916585173007 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Instructions as a Determinant of Paper-Disposal Behaviors
Geller, E. S., Wittmier, J. F., & Orebaugh, A. L. (1976) · Environment and Behavior · doi:10.1177/136327527600800305 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Reconsidering the role of opportunity in situational crime prevention
Wortley, R. (1997) · UCL Discovery (University College London) · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Self-citationWaste Receptacle Designs as Interventions for Litter Control
Geller, E. S., Brasted, W. S., & Mann, M. F. (1979) · Journal of Environmental Systems · doi:10.2190/5p46-8h2n-41jr-c2ej · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Mabli, J., Holley, C., Patrick, J. W., & Walls, J. (1979) · Criminal Justice and Behavior · doi:10.1177/009385487900600206 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Innovative Correctional Environments
Wener, R. E., & Olsen, R. (1980) · Environment and Behavior · doi:10.1177/0013916580124005 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Homel, R. J., & Graham, K. (1997) · Griffith Research Online · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Road rage and the epidemiology of violence: something old, something new
Harding, R., Morgan, F., Indermaur, D., Ferrante, A. M., & Blagg, H. (1998) · UWA Profiles and Research Repository (UWA) · Cited by 48 · see citing works
THE OSCILLATION OF POLICE CALLS TO DOMESTIC DISPUTES WITH TIME AND THE TEMPERATURE HUMIDITY INDEX
LeBeau, J. L. (1994) · Journal of Crime and Justice · doi:10.1080/0735648x.1994.9721508 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Housing, Community and Crime: The Impact of the Priority Estates Project
Foster, J., & Hope, T. (1993) · OpenGrey (Institut de l'Information Scientifique et Technique) · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Consumer shoplifting: Orientations and deterrents
Kallis, M. J., & Vanier, D. J. (1985) · Journal of Criminal Justice · doi:10.1016/0047-2352(85)90045-5 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
A PROMPT PLUS DELAYED CONTINGENCY PROCEDURE FOR REDUCING BATHROOM GRAFFITI
Watson, T. S. (1996) · Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis · doi:10.1901/jaba.1996.29-121 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
The Behavioral Effects of Crowding
Dean, L. M., Pugh, W. M., & Gunderson, E. K. E. (1978) · Environment and Behavior · doi:10.1177/0013916578103007 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Situational and Social Approaches to the Prevention of Disorder in Long-Term Prisons
BOTTOMS, A. E., Hay, W., & Sparks, J. R. (1995) · Sage eBooks · doi:10.4135/9781483327228.n19 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
The Effect of Verbal Appeals and Incentives on Depreciative Behavior among Youthful Park Visitors
Stoep, G. A. V., & Gramann, J. H. (1987) · Journal of Leisure Research · doi:10.1080/00222216.1987.11969679 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Derrick, E. H. (1941) · The Medical Journal of Australia · doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1941.tb108512.x · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Evaluation of Correctional Environments
Farbstein, J., & Wener, R. E. (1982) · Environment and Behavior · doi:10.1177/0013916582146003 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Environmental Cues and Vandalism
Samdahl, D. M., & Christensen, H. H. (1985) · Environment and Behavior · doi:10.1177/0013916585174002 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
COMMUNITY INTERVENTION TO DETER ILLEGAL PARKING IN SPACES RESERVED FOR THE PHYSICALLY DISABLED
Cope, J. G., & Allred, L. J. (1991) · Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis · doi:10.1901/jaba.1991.24-687 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Crime Site Selection for Assaults in Four Florida Prisons
Atlas, R. (1983) · The Prison Journal · doi:10.1177/003288558306300106 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Driver response to a disabled pedestrian using a dangerous crosswalk
Harrell, W. A. (1992) · Journal of Environmental Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0272-4944(05)80083-0 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Conrad, J. P. (1966) · The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science · doi:10.1177/000271626636400111 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Howard, J. L. (1978) · Journal of research and development in education · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Carter, N., Holmström, A., Simpanen, M., & Melin, L. (1988) · Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis · doi:10.1901/jaba.1988.21-385 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Goldstein, M. J., Kant, H. S., & Hartman, J. J. (1973) · DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library) · Cited by 21 · see citing works
understanding and preventing bullying in the junior school playground
Boulton, M. J. (2002) · doi:10.4324/9780203425497-28 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
DECISION MAKING MODELS, DEVIL'S ADVOCACY, AND THE CONTROL OF CORPORATE CRIME
METZGER, M. B., & Schwenk, C. R. (1990) · American Business Law Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1744-1714.1990.tb00833.x · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Indermaur, D. (1996) · UWA Profiles and Research Repository (UWA) · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Relapse prevention in pedophiles: Clinical issues and program development.
Gillies, L. A., Hashmall, J. M., Hilton, N. Z., & Webster, C. D. (1992) · Canadian Psychology/Psychologie canadienne · doi:10.1037/h0078714 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Jaspan, N. (1974) · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Cornish, D. B. (2003) · Cited by 559 · see citing works
A Model of Neutralization Techniques
Kaptein, M., & van Helvoort, M. (2018) · Deviant Behavior · doi:10.1080/01639625.2018.1491696 · Cited by 216 · see citing works
Getting into the Script of Adult Child Sex Offenders and Mapping out Situational Prevention Measures
Leclerc, B., Wortley, R., & Smallbone, S. (2011) · Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency · doi:10.1177/0022427810391540 · Cited by 189 · see citing works
Self-citationApplying situational principles to sexual offenses against children
Wortley, R., & SMALLBONE, S. W. (2006) · UCL Discovery (University College London) · Cited by 164 · see citing works
Self-citationExamining the modus operandi of sexual offenders against children and its practical implications
Leclerc, B., Proulx, J., & Beauregard, E. (2009) · Aggression and Violent Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.avb.2008.08.001 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Opportunity makes the thief. Really? And so what?
Clarke, R. V. (2012) · Crime Science · doi:10.1186/2193-7680-1-3 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Situational Crime Prevention: Theoretical Background and Current Practice
Clarke, R. V. (2009) · Handbooks of sociology and social research · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-0245-0_14 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Wildlife crime: a conceptual integration, literature review, and methodological critique
Kurland, J., Pires, S. F., McFann, S. C., & Moreto, W. D. (2017) · Crime Science · doi:10.1186/s40163-017-0066-0 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Apel, R. J., & Horney, J. (2017) · Criminology · doi:10.1111/1745-9125.12134 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Exposure to Situations Conducive to Delinquent Behavior
Anderson, A. L., & Hughes, L. A. (2008) · Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency · doi:10.1177/0022427808326587 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
A mathematical model of the London riots and their policing
Davies, T., Fry, H., Wilson, A. G., & Bishop, S. R. (2013) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep01303 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Reyns, B. W. (2010) · Crime Prevention and Community Safety · doi:10.1057/cpcs.2009.22 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Miller, J. E. (2012) · Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency · doi:10.1177/0022427811432641 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Situational Crime Prevention: Theory, Practice and Evidence
Eck, J. E., & Clarke, R. V. (2019) · Handbooks of sociology and social research · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-20779-3_18 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
TARGET CHOICE DURING EXTREME EVENTS: A DISCRETE SPATIAL CHOICE MODEL OF THE 2011 LONDON RIOTS
Baudains, P., Braithwaite, A., & Johnson, S. D. (2013) · Criminology · doi:10.1111/1745-9125.12004 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Getting a handle on crime: A further extension of routine activities theory
Tillyer, M. S., & Eck, J. E. (2010) · Security Journal · doi:10.1057/sj.2010.2 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Child Sexual Abuse in the Catholic Church
Terry, K. J., & Ackerman, A. R. (2008) · Criminal Justice and Behavior · doi:10.1177/0093854808314469 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Ho, H., Ko, R. K. L., & MAZEROLLE, L. G. (2022) · Computers & Security · doi:10.1016/j.cose.2022.102611 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Sidebottom, A., & Wortley, R. (2015) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118512449.ch9 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Self-citationStudent Academic Dishonesty: The Potential for Situational Prevention
Hodgkinson, T., Curtis, H., MacAlister, D., & Farrell, G. (2016) · Journal of Criminal Justice Education · doi:10.1080/10511253.2015.1064982 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
The Centrality of Theory in Modern Day Crime Prevention: Developments, Challenges, and Opportunities
Welsh, B. C., Zimmerman, G. M., & Zane, S. N. (2017) · Justice Quarterly · doi:10.1080/07418825.2017.1300312 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Situational Crime Prevention and White-Collar Crime
Benson, M. L., & Madensen, T. D. (2007) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-34111-8_31 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Tunley, M., Button, M., Shepherd, D., & Blackbourn, D. (2017) · Security Journal · doi:10.1057/s41284-016-0087-5 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Designing Products Against Crime
Ekblom, P. (2005) · UCL Discovery (University College London) · doi:10.4324/9781843926146-17 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Moreto, W. D. (2019) · Criminal Justice Studies · doi:10.1080/1478601x.2019.1600816 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Beebe, N. L., & Rao, V. S. (2010) · Communications of the Association for Information Systems · doi:10.17705/1cais.02617 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
An Integrated Life‐Course Developmental Theory of Sexual Offending
SMALLBONE, S. W., & Cale, J. (2015) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118314630.ch3 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Curtailing cyber and information security vulnerabilities through situational crime prevention
Hinduja, S., & Kooi, B. R. (2013) · Security Journal · doi:10.1057/sj.2013.25 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Locating Focused Deterrence Approaches within a Situational Crime Prevention Framework
Tillyer, M. S., & Kennedy, D. M. (2008) · Crime Prevention and Community Safety · doi:10.1057/cpcs.2008.5 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Wells, S. L., Graham, K., & Tremblay, P. F. (2009) · Substance Use & Misuse · doi:10.1080/10826080902961708 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Ristea, A., Kurland, J., Resch, B., Leitner, M., & Langford, C. (2018) · ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information · doi:10.3390/ijgi7020043 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Haelterman, H. (2016) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1057/978-1-137-54613-5 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Sexual Preference or Opportunity
Holt, K. M., & Massey, C. N. (2012) · Sexual Abuse · doi:10.1177/1079063211425690 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Calling Time: Managing Activities in Space and Time in the Evening/Night-time Economy
Tiesdell, S., & Slater, A.-M. (2006) · Planning Theory & Practice · doi:10.1080/14649350600673047 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Bekkers, L. M. J., & Leukfeldt, R. (2022) · Deviant Behavior · doi:10.1080/01639625.2022.2073298 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Hardyns, W., Snaphaan, T., & Pauwels, L. J. R. (2018) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology · doi:10.1177/0004865818807243 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
van Hardeveld, G. J., Webber, C., & O’Hara, K. (2017) · American Behavioral Scientist · doi:10.1177/0002764217734271 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
An examination of the effects on crime of switching off street lighting
Davies, M. W., & Farrington, D. P. (2018) · Criminology & Criminal Justice · doi:10.1177/1748895818818861 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Bouncers and barroom aggression: A review of the research
Roberts, J. C. (2008) · Aggression and Violent Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.avb.2008.10.002 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Birks, D., Donkin, S., & Wellsmith, M. (2008) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/978-1-59904-591-7.ch009 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Bekkers, L., van Houten, Y., Spithoven, R., & Leukfeldt, R. (2023) · Deviant Behavior · doi:10.1080/01639625.2023.2196365 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Alcohol-related violence and disorder
Jayne, M., & Valentine, G. (2014) · Progress in Human Geography · doi:10.1177/0309132514558445 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
'Broken' public spaces in theory and in practice
Stevens, Q. (2009) · Town Planning Review · doi:10.3828/tpr.2009.3 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Sexual Violence and Abuse Against Children
Leclerc, B., Chiu, Y.-N., & Cale, J. (2014) · International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology · doi:10.1177/0306624x14564319 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
They fight because we let them! Applying a situational crime prevention model to barroom violence
Graham, K. (2009) · Drug and Alcohol Review · doi:10.1111/j.1465-3362.2008.00038.x · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Barroom Aggression in Hoboken, New Jersey: Don't Blame the Bouncers!
Roberts, J. C. (2007) · Journal of Drug Education · doi:10.2190/de.37.4.f · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Ekblom, P., & Sidebottom, A. (2007) · European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10610-007-9041-8 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Chopin, J., & Beauregard, É. (2020) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104521 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Density, Inmate Assaults, and Direct Supervision Jails
Tartaro, C., & Levy, M. P. (2007) · Criminal Justice Policy Review · doi:10.1177/0887403407299863 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Leclerc, B., Feakes, J., & Cale, J. (2015) · Crime Science · doi:10.1186/s40163-015-0044-3 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Jeong, M., & Zo, H. (2021) · Telematics and Informatics · doi:10.1016/j.tele.2021.101670 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Similarities and differences in adolescence-onset versus adulthood-onset sexual abuse incidents
McKillop, N., Brown, S., SMALLBONE, S. W., & Pritchard, K. (2015) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2015.02.014 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Townsley, M., & Grimshaw, R. N. (2013) · Crime Prevention and Community Safety · doi:10.1057/cpcs.2012.12 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Thompson, C. M., Dennison, S. M., & Stewart, A. L. (2013) · Criminal Justice and Behavior · doi:10.1177/0093854813489955 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Overcoming the Warez Paradox: Online Piracy Groups and Situational Crime Prevention
Basamanowicz, J., & Bouchard, M. (2011) · Policy & Internet · doi:10.2202/1944-2866.1125 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Prevention and mitigation measures against phishing emails: a sequential schema model
Suzuki, Y. E., & Monroy, S. A. S. (2021) · Security Journal · doi:10.1057/s41284-021-00318-x · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Preventing phone theft and robbery: the need for government action and international coordination
Farrell, G. (2015) · Crime Science · doi:10.1186/s40163-014-0015-0 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Adams, D., McKillop, N., SMALLBONE, S. W., & McGrath, A. (2019) · Sexual Abuse · doi:10.1177/1079063219871575 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Understanding the Link between Temperature and Crime
Cohen, F., & González, F. (2024) · American Economic Journal Economic Policy · doi:10.1257/pol.20220118 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
The Environmental and Situational Correlates of Victim Injury in Nonfatal Violent Incidents
Tillyer, M. S., Miller, J. M., & Tillyer, R. (2011) · Criminal Justice and Behavior · doi:10.1177/0093854811400250 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Back, S., & LaPrade, J. (2020) · International Journal of Cybersecurity Intelligence and Cybercrime · doi:10.52306/03020320rgws2555 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Khey, D. N., & Sainato, V. A. (2013) · Security Journal · doi:10.1057/sj.2013.24 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Kitteringham, G., & Fennelly, L. J. (2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-817273-5.00019-3 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Meyer, S., & Frost, A. (2019) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781003569886 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Identifying and preventing future forms of crimes using situational crime prevention
Johnson, S. D. (2024) · Security Journal · doi:10.1057/s41284-024-00441-5 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Putting process into routine activity theory: Variations in the control of crime opportunities
Schaefer, L., & MAZEROLLE, L. G. (2015) · Security Journal · doi:10.1057/sj.2015.39 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Criminals and the Price System: Evidence from Czech Metal Thieves
Brabenec, T., & Montag, J. (2017) · Journal of Quantitative Criminology · doi:10.1007/s10940-017-9339-8 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Beccaria and Situational Crime Prevention
Freilich, J. D. (2014) · Criminal Justice Review · doi:10.1177/0734016814550815 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Haelterman, H. (2016) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1057/978-1-137-54613-5_2 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Rethinking Sport Event Security: From Risk Management to a Community Driven Approach
Menaker, B. E., Sheptak, D., Kurland, J., & Tekin, D. (2021) · Journal of Global Sport Management · doi:10.1080/24704067.2021.1929388 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Kurland, J., Tilley, N., & Johnson, S. D. (2014) · Palgrave Macmillan eBooks · doi:10.1057/9781137347978_2 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
A conceptual opportunity-based framework to mitigate the insider threat
Padayachee, K. (2013) · Information Security for South Africa · doi:10.1109/issa.2013.6641060 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Schaefer, L., & MAZEROLLE, L. G. (2017) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology · doi:10.1177/0004865817721590 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Re-thinking the cost of supply chain security
Haelterman, H. (2011) · Crime Law and Social Change · doi:10.1007/s10611-011-9304-7 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Local Crime Environment and Corporate Financial Misconduct Using Benford's Law
Golden, J. (2021) · Journal of Forensic Accounting Research · doi:10.2308/jfar-2021-003 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
SMALLBONE, S. W., & Cale, J. (2016) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118574003.wattso014 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Choi, K.-S., Choo, K., Choi, J., & Woo, Y. (2015) · Asian Journal of Criminology · doi:10.1007/s11417-015-9202-5 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Combating Sexual Assault With the Military Ethic
Bennett, J. (2017) · Armed Forces & Society · doi:10.1177/0095327x17735520 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Cheng, T., & Chen, T. (2021) · The urban book series · doi:10.1007/978-981-15-8983-6_14 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Understanding and Applying Situational Crime Prevention Strategies
Lee, D. R. (2010) · Criminal Justice Policy Review · doi:10.1177/0887403410370202 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Providing Opportunities: A Sixth Column for the Techniques of Situational Crime Prevention
Freilich, J. D., & NEWMAN, G. R. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-01839-3_5 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
A System’s Approach to Crime Prevention: The Case of Macao
Zhao, R., & Liu, J. (2011) · Asian Journal of Criminology · doi:10.1007/s11417-011-9117-8 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Theories for Situational and Environmental Crime Prevention
Wortley, R., & Tilley, N. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-5690-2_548 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Self-citationThompson, C., Stewart, A., & Dennison, S. M. (2019) · Criminal Justice and Behavior · doi:10.1177/0093854819878234 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Moneva, A., & Caneppele, S. (2019) · Crime Law and Social Change · doi:10.1007/s10611-019-09871-4 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Not by accident: An analytical approach to traffic crash harm reduction
Corsaro, N. A., Gerard, D. W., ENGEL, R. S., & Eck, J. E. (2012) · Journal of Criminal Justice · doi:10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2012.08.003 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Darling, A. J., & Hackett, S. (2019) · Journal of Sexual Aggression · doi:10.1080/13552600.2019.1695968 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
The broader context of preventing alcohol‐related intimate partner violence
Graham, K., Wilson, I. M., & Taft, A. (2016) · Drug and Alcohol Review · doi:10.1111/dar.12422 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Endemic Sexual Violence and Abuse: Contexts and Dispositions
Rayment‐McHugh, S., SMALLBONE, S. W., & Tilley, N. (2015) · International Journal for Crime Justice and Social Democracy · doi:10.5204/ijcjsd.v4i2.233 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
A crime script analysis of the Madoff Investment Scheme
Hardy, J. W., Bell, P., & Allan, D. M. (2019) · Crime Prevention and Community Safety · doi:10.1057/s41300-019-00082-6 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Bridging Information Security and Environmental Criminology Research to Better Mitigate CybercrimePreprint
Ife, C. C., Davies, T., Murdoch, S. J., & Stringhini, G. (2019) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1910.06380 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Schaefer, L. (2021) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780190264079.013.326 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
A framework of opportunity-reducing techniques to mitigate the insider threat
Padayachee, K. (2015) · Information Security for South Africa · doi:10.1109/issa.2015.7335064 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Situational Precipitators and Interactive Forces in Sexual Crime Events Involving Adult Offenders
Leclerc, B., Wortley, R., & Dowling, C. (2016) · Criminal Justice and Behavior · doi:10.1177/0093854816660144 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Self-citationFox, B., & Farrington, D. P. (2016) · International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology · doi:10.1177/0306624x15621982 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Understanding Organisational Risk Factors for Child Maltreatment: A Review of Literature
Beyer, L. R., Higgins, D. J., & Bromfield, L. (2005) · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Understanding Concentrations of Sexual Violence and Abuse: A New Theory
Rayment‐McHugh, S. (2023) · Violence Against Women · doi:10.1177/10778012231189481 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Kitteringham, G. (2010) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-1-85617-746-7.00013-4 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Situational and dispositional determinants of workplace victimization
Kodellas, S., Fisher, B. S., & Wilcox, P. (2015) · International Review of Victimology · doi:10.1177/0269758015591930 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
The reasoning criminal vs. Homer Simpson: conceptual challenges for crime science
Bouhana, N. (2013) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00682 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
- Authors
- Wortley, R.
- Affiliations
- Griffith University (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Wortley, Richard
- ORCID
- Wortley, Richard
- Venue
- Security Journal
- Published
- 2001-10
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 63-82
- ISSN
- 0955-1662 (ISSN-L)
- 1743-4645
- OpenAlex
- W2058290272
- Cited by
- 224
- References
- 80
- Citations by year
- 2026: 33 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 1.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Security Journal (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Griffith Research Online (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Crime Patterns and Interventions
- Social Sciences › Law › Criminal Justice and Penology
- Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › Policing Practices and Perceptions
- Keywords
- situational crime prevention, offender decision-making
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review