Characteristics of Coplanar Waveguide on Lithium Niobate Crystals as a Microwave Substrate
Abstract
A finite ground coplanar waveguide (FG-CPW) on lithium niobate (LiNbO3) substrates, without a thin SiO2 buffer layer, was experimentally characterized by using on-wafer measurements. The dielectric constant and the characteristic impedance were extracted from calibrated measurements made at up to 20GHz using the FG-CPW method. The loss tangent was then obtained by the conformal mapping approach after the dielectric constant and characteristic impedance had been accurately extracted. The dielectric losses of LiNbO3 substrates are not negligible even in the X band.
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LiTaO3 has Pockels coefficient r33 = 30.5 pm/V, birefringence reduced by more than 10 times, higher optical destruction threshold, and 10-times-lower microwave losses compared to LN.
“Although the Pockels coefficient is similar to that of LN (r33 = 30.5 pm/V), LT exhibits advantages such as: a birefringence reduced by more than 10 times (which suppresses mode mixing in the guides); a higher optical destruction threshold; and 10-times-lower microwave losses [187,188], essential for quantum transduction [189,190].”
From Metal Oxide Thin Films for Advanced Photonic Applications (2026) · cites this paper as [187]
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Lithium Tantalate Photonic Integrated Circuits for Volume Manufacturing
Wang, C., Li, Z., Riemensberger, J., Lihachev, G., Churaev, M., Kao, W., Ji, X., Zhang, J., Blesin, T., Davydova, A., et al. (2024) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-024-07369-1 · Cited by 248 · see citing works
Metal Oxide Thin Films for Advanced Photonic Applications
Stîngescu, M.-L., Șopronyi, M.-A., Antohe, Ș., & Scărișoreanu, N.-D. (2026) · Crystals · doi:10.3390/cryst16030164 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
“…similar to that of LN (r 33 = 30.5 pm/V), LT exhibits advantages such as: a birefringence reduced by more than 10 times (which suppresses mode mixing in the guides); a higher optical destruction threshold; and 10-times-lower microwave losses [187,188], essential for quantum transduction [189,190].”
Influential
- Authors
- Yang, R.-Y., Su, Y.-K., Weng, M.-H., Hung, C.-Y., & Wu, H.-W.
- Affiliations
- National Cheng Kung University (TW)
- National Institutes of Applied Research (TW)
- Venue
- Journal of Applied Physics
- Publisher
- AIP Publishing
- Published
- 2007-01-01
- Volume
- 101
- Issue
- 1
- ISSN
- 0021-8979 (ISSN-L)
- 1089-7550
- OpenAlex
- W2011685305
- Cited by
- 28
- References
- 17
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2014: 1 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 0.95
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Applied Physics (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Council
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Microwave Engineering and Waveguides
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Microwave Dielectric Ceramics Synthesis
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Microwave and Dielectric Measurement Techniques
- Keywords
- coplanar waveguide, lithium niobate, microwave substrates, dielectric constant extraction, characteristic impedance, loss tangent, dielectric loss, conformal mapping, X-band, on-wafer measurement, SiO2 buffer layer
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