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Cited by 320

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 37 of the 37 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Brain response to putative pheromones in homosexual men

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Savic, Ivanka, Berglund, Hans, Lindström, Per·2005·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
DOI 10.1073/pnas.0407998102
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Abstract

The testosterone derivative 4,16-androstadien-3-one (AND) and the estrogen-like steroid estra-1,3,5(10),16-tetraen-3-ol (EST) are candidate compounds for human pheromones. AND is detected primarily in male sweat, whereas EST has been found in female urine. In a previous positron emission tomography study, we found that smelling AND and EST activated regions covering sexually dimorphic nuclei of the anterior hypothalamus, and that this activation was differentiated with respect to sex and compound. In the present study, the pattern of activation induced by AND and EST was compared among homosexual men, heterosexual men, and heterosexual women. In contrast to heterosexual men, and in congruence with heterosexual women, homosexual men displayed hypothalamic activation in response to AND. Maximal activation was observed in the medial preoptic area/anterior hypothalamus, which, according to animal studies, is highly involved in sexual behavior. As opposed to putative pheromones, common odors were processed similarly in all three groups of subjects and engaged only the olfactory brain (amygdala, piriform, orbitofrontal, and insular cortex). These findings show that our brain reacts differently to the two putative pheromones compared with common odors, and suggest a link between sexual orientation and hypothalamic neuronal processes.

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Metadata

Authors
Savic, I., Berglund, H., & Lindström, P.
Venue
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Publisher
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Published
2005-05-09
Volume
102
Issue
20
Pages
7356-7361
ISSN
  • 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
  • 1091-6490
DOI
10.1073/pnas.0407998102
OpenAlex
W2097784974
Cited by
320
References
37
FWCI
6.42
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Brain response to putative pheromones in homosexual men. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1073/pnas.0407998102
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Savic, I., Berglund, H., & Lindström, P. (2005). Brain response to putative pheromones in homosexual men. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0407998102

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