The DOI matches its Crossref record; 50 of the 50 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Two sexually dimorphic cell groups in the human brain
Open accessAbstract
A quantitative analysis of the volume of 4 cell groups in the preoptic- anterior hypothalamic area (PO-AHA) and of the supraoptic nucleus (SON) of the human brain was performed in 22 age-matched male and female individuals. We suggest the term Interstitial Nuclei of the Anterior Hypothalamus (INAH 1–4) to identify these 4 previously undescribed cell groups in the PO-AHA. While 2 INAH and the SON were not sexually dimorphic, gender-related differences were found in the other 2 cell groups. One nucleus (INAH-3) was 2.8 times larger in the male brain than in the female brain irrespective of age. The other cell group (INAH-2) was twice as large in the male brain, but also appeared to be related in women to circulating steroid hormone levels. Since the PO- AHA influences gonadotropin secretion, maternal behavior, and sexual behavior in several mammalian species, these results suggest that functional sex differences in the hypothalamus may be related to sex differences in neural structure.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Evidence for a morphological sex difference within the medial preoptic area of the rat brain
Gorski, R. A., Gordon, J. H., Shryne, J. E., & Southam, A. M. (1978) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(78)90723-0 · Cited by 1,227
Self-citationSexual Dimorphism in Vocal Control Areas of the Songbird Brain
Nottebohm, F., & Arnold, A. P. (1976) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.959852 · Cited by 1,109
Cerebral Hemispheric Asymmetry in Humans: Cortical Speech Zones in 100 Adult and 100 Infant Brains
Wada, J. A. (1975) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.1975.00490460055007 · Cited by 917
A Brain for All Seasons: Cyclical Anatomical Changes in Song Control Nuclei of the Canary Brain
Nottebohm, F. (1981) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.7313697 · Cited by 751
Sexual Dimorphism in the Human Corpus Callosum
de Lacoste-Utamsing, C., & Holloway, R. L. (1982) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.7089533 · Cited by 676
The organization of neural inputs to the medial preoptic nucleus of the rat
Simerly, R. B., & Swanson, L. W. (1986) · Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.902460304 · Cited by 523
A Sexually Dimorphic Nucleus in the Human Brain
Swaab, D. F., & Fliers, E. (1985) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.3992248 · Cited by 516
Gonadal Hormones Induce Dendritic Growth in the Adult Avian Brain
DeVoogd, T., & Nottebohm, F. (1981) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.7280692 · Cited by 388
Testosterone triggers growth of brain vocal control nuclei in adult female canaries
Nottebohm, F. (1980) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(80)90102-x · Cited by 372
Wiegand, S. J., & Terasawa, E. (1982) · Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1159/000123335 · Cited by 352
Cited by
Hypothalamic regulation of sleep and circadian rhythms
Saper, C. B., Scammell, T. E., & Lu, J. (2005) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature04284 · Cited by 2,804
Sex differences in the brain: implications for explaining autism
Baron-Cohen, S., Knickmeyer, R. C., & Belmonte, M. K. (2005) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1115455 · Cited by 1,145
Hypothalamic Abnormalities in Schizophrenia: Sex Effects and Genetic Vulnerability
Goldstein, J. M., Seidman, L. J., Makris, N., Ahern, T., O’Brien, L. M., Caviness, V. S., Kennedy, D. N., Faraone, S. V., & Tsuang, M. T. (2007) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.06.027 · Cited by 542
Murphy, D. G. M. (1996) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1996.01830070031007 · Cited by 527
Areas of brain activation in males and females during viewing of erotic film excerpts
Karama, S., Lecours, A. R., Leroux, J., Bourgouin, P., Beaudoin, G., Joubert, S., & Beauregard, M. (2002) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.10014 · Cited by 522
Metadata
- Authors
- Allen, L., Hines, M., Shryne, J., & Gorski, R.
- Venue
- The Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Society for Neuroscience
- Published
- 1989-02-01
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 497-506
- ISSN
- 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2401
- OpenAlex
- W1945581482
- Cited by
- 462
- References
- 50
- FWCI
- 4.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Two sexually dimorphic cell groups in the human brain. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1523/jneurosci.09-02-00497.1989
- The paper
- Allen, L., Hines, M., Shryne, J., & Gorski, R. (1989). Two sexually dimorphic cell groups in the human brain. The Journal of Neuroscience. https://doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.09-02-00497.1989
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
