Rabs and their effectors: achieving specificity in membrane traffic
Open accessAbstract
Rab proteins constitute the largest branch of the Ras GTPase superfamily. Rabs use the guanine nucleotide-dependent switch mechanism common to the superfamily to regulate each of the four major steps in membrane traffic: vesicle budding, vesicle delivery, vesicle tethering, and fusion of the vesicle membrane with that of the target compartment. These different tasks are carried out by a diverse collection of effector molecules that bind to specific Rabs in their GTP-bound state. Recent advances have not only greatly extended the number of known Rab effectors, but have also begun to define the mechanisms underlying their distinct functions. By binding to the guanine nucleotide exchange proteins that activate the Rabs certain effectors act to establish positive feedback loops that help to define and maintain tightly localized domains of activated Rab proteins, which then serve to recruit other effector molecules. Additionally, Rab cascades and Rab conversions appear to confer directionality to membrane traffic and couple each stage of traffic with the next along the pathway.
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Rab GTPases regulate many aspects of membranous vesicle formation and traffic.
“Rab GTPases regulate many aspects of membranous vesicle formation and traffic [73].”
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- Authors
- Grosshans, B. L., Ortiz, D., & Novick, P.
- Affiliations
- Yale University (US)
- ORCID
- Novick, Peter
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2006-08-08
- Volume
- 103
- Issue
- 32
- Pages
- 11821-11827
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC1567661
- OpenAlex
- W2064880862
- Cited by
- 1,005
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 22 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 31 · 2020: 36 · 2019: 33 · 2018: 41 · 2017: 49 · 2016: 37 · 2015: 45 · 2014: 46 · 2013: 60 · 2012: 75
- FWCI
- 7.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Cellular transport and secretion
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protein Kinase Regulation and GTPase Signaling
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Fungal and yeast genetics research
- Keywords
- Rab GTPases, Rab effectors, membrane traffic, vesicle budding, vesicle tethering, membrane fusion, guanine nucleotide exchange factor, positive feedback loop
- MeSH terms
- Biological Transport, Cell Membrane, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Fungal Proteins, Golgi Apparatus, Membrane Proteins, Models, Biological, Protein Structure, Tertiary, rab GTP-Binding Proteins
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