The DOI matches its Crossref record; 96 of the 96 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Ohno's dilemma: Evolution of new genes under continuous selection
Open accessAbstract
New genes with novel functions arise by duplication and divergence, but the process poses a problem. After duplication, an extra gene copy must rise to sufficiently high frequency in the population and remain free of common inactivating lesions long enough to acquire the rare mutations that provide a new selectable function. Maintaining a duplicated gene by selection for the original function would restrict the freedom to diverge. (We refer to this problem as Ohno's dilemma). A model is described by which selection continuously favors both maintenance of the duplicate copy and divergence of that copy from the parent gene. Before duplication, the original gene has a trace side activity (the innovation) in addition to its original function. When an altered ecological niche makes the minor innovation valuable, selection favors increases in its level (the amplification), which is most frequently conferred by increased dosage of the parent gene. Selection for the amplified minor function maintains the extra copies and raises the frequency of the amplification in the population. The same selection favors mutational improvement of any of the extra copies, which are not constrained to maintain their original function (the divergence). The rate of mutations (per genome) that improve the new function is increased by the multiplicity of target copies within a genome. Improvement of some copies relaxes selection on others and allows their loss by mutation (becoming pseudogenes). Ultimately one of the extra copies is able to provide all of the new activity.
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“As such, ALE studies highlight that duplications and large scale genomic variations, although they can lead to significant issues such as genomic instability [152], play a major role in e.g. yeast evolution; this is also indicated by data on wine yeasts, galactose utilization, comparative genomics and drug resistance [115,153-156].”
From Adaptive laboratory evolution—Principles and applications for biotechnology (2013) · cites this paper as [115]
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Cites
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Preservation of Duplicate Genes by Complementary, Degenerative Mutations
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The Genome Sequence of Trypanosoma cruzi , Etiologic Agent of Chagas Disease
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
progressiveMauve: Multiple Genome Alignment with Gene Gain, Loss and Rearrangement
Darling, A. E., Mau, B., & Perna, N. T. (2010) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0011147 · Cited by 3,848
“Second, even though large tandemly repeated segments are generated very frequently in microbes and may be a fundamental process in adaptive evolution, they are extremely unstable and generally do not persist over long periods of time [70].”
BackgroundEnzyme promiscuity: A mechanistic and evolutionary perspective
Tawfik, O. K. A. D. S. (2010) · Annual Review of Biochemistry · doi:10.1146/annurev-biochem-030409-143718 · Cited by 1,355
“Third, gene duplication is often not a neutral event but is rather positively selected under demands for higher protein doses (129, 130).”
BackgroundTurning a hobby into a job: How duplicated genes find new functions
Conant, G. C., & Wolfe, K. H. (2008) · Nature Reviews Genetics · doi:10.1038/nrg2482 · Cited by 1,281
Adaptive laboratory evolution—Principles and applications for biotechnology
Dragosits, M., & Mattanovich, D. (2013) · Microbial Cell Factories · doi:10.1186/1475-2859-12-64 · Cited by 827
“Whereas there is an ongoing debate about the long-term fixation of gene duplications, either by their selective advantage under selection pressure, or by selective neutrality and fixation by random drift, they are a prerequisite for the development of novel molecular functions [129-131].”
BackgroundEnzyme promiscuity: evolutionary and mechanistic aspects
Khersonsky, O., Roodveldt, C., & Tawfik, D. S. (2006) · Current Opinion in Chemical Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cbpa.2006.08.011 · Cited by 641
Metadata
- Authors
- Bergthorsson, U., Andersson, D. I., & Roth, J. R.
- Affiliations
- University of New Mexico (US)
- Uppsala University (SE)
- University of California, Davis (US)
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2007-10-23
- Volume
- 104
- Issue
- 43
- Pages
- 17004-17009
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC2040452
- OpenAlex
- W2051768616
- Cited by
- 405
- References
- 96
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 53 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 28 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 23 · 2012: 32
- FWCI
- 9.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (GM27068, R01GM027068)
- National Center for Research Resources (P20-RR18754, P20RR018754)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History and Philosophy of Science › Philosophy of Biology and Scientific Explanation
- Keywords
- gene duplication, gene divergence, continuous selections, pseudogenes, gene copy number
- MeSH terms
- Biological Evolution, Gene Amplification, Gene Frequency, Models, Genetic, Recombination, Genetic, Selection, Genetic, Genetic Variation, Point Mutation, Gene Duplication, Gene Transfer, Horizontal
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