The origins of genome complexity
Abstract
Complete genomic sequences from diverse phylogenetic lineages reveal notable increases in genome complexity from prokaryotes to multicellular eukaryotes. The changes include gradual increases in gene number, resulting from the retention of duplicate genes, and more abrupt increases in the abundance of spliceosomal introns and mobile genetic elements. We argue that many of these modifications emerged passively in response to the long-term population-size reductions that accompanied increases in organism size. According to this model, much of the restructuring of eukaryotic genomes was initiated by nonadaptive processes, and this in turn provided novel substrates for the secondary evolution of phenotypic complexity by natural selection. The enormous long-term effective population sizes of prokaryotes may impose a substantial barrier to the evolution of complex genomes and morphologies.
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Given the extremely high costs of building and maintaining nervous systems, neutral evolutionary processes are arguably less prevalent during nervous system evolution than for example in genome evolution.
“Given the extremely high costs of building and maintaining nervous systems [10–12], neutral evolutionary processes are arguably less prevalent during nervous system evolution than for example in genome evolution [13].”
From Origin and early evolution of neural circuits for the control of ciliary locomotion (2011) · cites this paper as [13]
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Self-citationConant, G. C., Birchler, J. A., & Pires, J. C. (2014) · Current Opinion in Plant Biology · doi:10.1016/j.pbi.2014.05.008 · Cited by 303 · see citing works
Population genomics of the wild yeast Saccharomyces paradoxus : Quantifying the life cycle
Tsai, I. J., Bensasson, D., Burt, A., & Koufopanou, V. (2008) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0707314105 · Cited by 302 · see citing works
Streamlining and Core Genome Conservation among Highly Divergent Members of the SAR11 Clade
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Plasticity of animal genome architecture unmasked by rapid evolution of a pelagic tunicate
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The evolution of sex: empirical insights into the roles of epistasis and drift
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The consequences of genetic drift for bacterial genome complexityPreprint
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Mammalian transposable elements and their impacts on genome evolution
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A Brief History of the Status of Transposable Elements: From Junk DNA to Major Players in Evolution
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Analysis of evolution of exon-intron structure of eukaryotic genes
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A Generation Time Effect on the Rate of Molecular Evolution in Invertebrates
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The Evolution of Endogenous Viral Elements
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Arthropod CYPomes illustrate the tempo and mode in P450 evolution
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Darwinian evolution in the light of genomics
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Bias of Selection on Human Copy-Number Variants
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Streamlining and Simplification of Microbial Genome Architecture
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Self-citationThe struggle for life of the genome's selfish architects
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Mutation Load: The Fitness of Individuals in Populations Where Deleterious Alleles Are Abundant
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Adverse outcome pathways and ecological risk assessment: Bridging to population-level effects
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- Authors
- Lynch, M., & Conery, J. S.
- Affiliations
- University of Oregon (US)
- Corresponding author
- Lynch, Michael
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2003-11-21
- Volume
- 302
- Issue
- 5649
- Pages
- 1401-1404
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W1988714210
- Cited by
- 1,698
- References
- 32
- Citations by year
- 2026: 63 · 2025: 70 · 2024: 95 · 2023: 53 · 2022: 58 · 2021: 82 · 2020: 80 · 2019: 70 · 2018: 70 · 2017: 71 · 2016: 89 · 2015: 65 · 2014: 68 · 2013: 77 · 2012: 90
- FWCI
- 69.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Keywords
- genome complexity, eukaryotic genome evolution, gene duplication, spliceosomal introns, mobile genetic elements, population size reduction, organism size, effective population size, prokaryotes, multicellularity, phenotypic complexity
- MeSH terms
- Alleles, Animals, Bacteria, Body Constitution, Fungi, Humans, Introns, Invertebrates, Mutation, Phylogeny, Plants, Population Density, Recombination, Genetic, Selection, Genetic, Genetic Variation, Vertebrates, Genome, Spliceosomes, Evolution, Molecular, Interspersed Repetitive Sequences, Gene Duplication, Gene Silencing, Genetic Drift, Eukaryota
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