Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
Cited by 540

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 11 of the 11 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Uptake of particulate vaccine adjuvants by dendritic cells activates the NALP3 inflammasome

Open access
Sharp, Fiona A., Ruane, Darren, Claass, Benjamin, Creagh, Emma, Harris, James, Malyala, Padma, Singh, Manomohan, O'Hagan, Derek T., Pétrilli, Virginie, Tschopp, Jurg, O'Neill, Luke A. J., Lavelle, Ed C.·2009·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Abstract

Many currently used and candidate vaccine adjuvants are particulate in nature, but their mechanism of action is not well understood. Here, we show that particulate adjuvants, including biodegradable poly(lactide- co -glycolide) (PLG) and polystyrene microparticles, dramatically enhance secretion of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) by dendritic cells (DCs). The ability of particulates to promote IL-1β secretion and caspase 1 activation required particle uptake by DCs and NALP3. Uptake of microparticles induced lysosomal damage, whereas particle-mediated enhancement of IL-1β secretion required phagosomal acidification and the lysosomal cysteine protease cathepsin B, suggesting a role for lysosomal damage in inflammasome activation. Although the presence of a Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonist was required to induce IL-1β production in vitro, injection of the adjuvants in the absence of TLR agonists induced IL-1β production at the injection site, indicating that endogenous factors can synergize with particulates to promote inflammasome activation. The enhancement of antigen-specific antibody production by PLG microparticles was independent of NALP3. However, the ability of PLG microparticles to promote antigen-specific IL-6 production by T cells and the recruitment and activation of a population of CD11b + Gr1 − cells required NALP3. Our data demonstrate that uptake of microparticulate adjuvants by DCs activates the NALP3 inflammasome, and this contributes to their enhancing effects on innate and antigen-specific cellular immunity.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1073/pnas.0804897106

Cites

11 of 11 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 11 references

Cited by

See all 540

Metadata

Authors
Sharp, F. A., Ruane, D., Claass, B., Creagh, E., Harris, J., Malyala, P., Singh, M., O'Hagan, D. T., Pétrilli, V., Tschopp, J., O'Neill, L. A. J., & Lavelle, E. C.
Venue
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Published
2009-01-20
Volume
106
Issue
3
Pages
870-875
ISSN
  • 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
  • 1091-6490
OpenAlex
W2122708413
Cited by
540
References
11
FWCI
17.76
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Uptake of particulate vaccine adjuvants by dendritic cells activates the NALP3 inflammasome. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1073/pnas.0804897106
The paper
Sharp, F. A., Ruane, D., Claass, B., Creagh, E., Harris, J., Malyala, P., Singh, M., O'Hagan, D. T., Pétrilli, V., Tschopp, J., O'Neill, L. A. J., & Lavelle, E. C. (2009). Uptake of particulate vaccine adjuvants by dendritic cells activates the NALP3 inflammasome. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0804897106

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.