TLRs, NLRs and RLRs: a trinity of pathogen sensors that co-operate in innate immunity

The Inflammasome

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Gout-associated uric acid crystals activate the NALP3 inflammasome

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The RNA helicase RIG-I has an essential function in double-stranded RNA-induced innate antiviral responses

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Differential roles of MDA5 and RIG-I helicases in the recognition of RNA viruses

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Cryopyrin activates the inflammasome in response to toxins and ATP

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Cardif is an adaptor protein in the RIG-I antiviral pathway and is targeted by hepatitis C virus

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Nod2 Is a General Sensor of Peptidoglycan through Muramyl Dipeptide (MDP) Detection

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Interleukin-1 and interleukin-1 antagonism

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Differential activation of the inflammasome by caspase-1 adaptors ASC and Ipaf

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TLR signaling

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NALP3 Forms an IL-1β-Processing Inflammasome with Increased Activity in Muckle-Wells Autoinflammatory Disorder

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Molecular identification of a danger signal that alerts the immune system to dying cells

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Altered Cytokine Export and Apoptosis in Mice Deficient in Interleukin-1β Converting Enzyme

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Nod1 Detects a Unique Muropeptide from Gram-Negative Bacterial Peptidoglycan

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Negative regulation of Toll-like receptor-mediated immune responses

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Mice deficient in IL-1β-converting enzyme are defective in production of mature IL-1β and resistant to endotoxic shock

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Cell Type-Specific Involvement of RIG-I in Antiviral Response

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Nod2, a Nod1/Apaf-1 Family Member That Is Restricted to Monocytes and Activates NF-κB

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Bacterial RNA and small antiviral compounds activate caspase-1 through cryopyrin/Nalp3

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Cytosolic flagellin requires Ipaf for activation of caspase-1 and interleukin 1β in salmonella-infected macrophages

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Cytoplasmic flagellin activates caspase-1 and secretion of interleukin 1β via Ipaf

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Inflammatory Caspases

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Nalp1b controls mouse macrophage susceptibility to anthrax lethal toxin

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Hepatitis C virus protease NS3/4A cleaves mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein off the mitochondria to evade innate immunity

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A Toll-like receptor–independent antiviral response induced by double-stranded B-form DNA

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Nod2 Mutation in Crohn's Disease Potentiates NF-κB Activity and IL-1ß Processing

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NALPs: a novel protein family involved in inflammation

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NLRs join TLRs as innate sensors of pathogens

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mda-5 : An interferon-inducible putative RNA helicase with double-stranded RNA-dependent ATPase activity and melanoma growth-suppressive properties

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The RNA Helicase Lgp2 Inhibits TLR-Independent Sensing of Viral Replication by Retinoic Acid-Inducible Gene-I

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The Bare Lymphocyte Syndrome and the Regulation of MHC Expression

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The Birc1e cytosolic pattern-recognition receptor contributes to the detection and control of Legionella pneumophila infection

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Suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 negatively regulates Toll-like receptor signaling by mediating Mal degradation

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Antiviral innate immunity pathways

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Mutations in NALP7 cause recurrent hydatidiform moles and reproductive wastage in humans

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The IL-1 receptor/toll-like receptor superfamily: crucial receptors for inflammation and host defense

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Human CARD4 Protein Is a Novel CED-4/Apaf-1 Cell Death Family Member That Activates NF-κB

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CATERPILLER: A Novel Gene Family Important in Immunity, Cell Death, and Diseases

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Enhanced bacterial clearance and sepsis resistance in caspase-12-deficient mice

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Muramyl dipeptide and toll-like receptor sensitivity in NOD2-associated Crohn's disease

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Functional screening of five PYPAF family members identifies PYPAF5 as a novel regulator of NF‐κB and caspase‐1

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IL-32 synergizes with nucleotide oligomerization domain (NOD) 1 and NOD2 ligands for IL-1β and IL-6 production through a caspase 1-dependent mechanism

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Regulation of IL-8 and IL-1 expression in Crohn's disease associated NOD2/CARD15 mutations

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Lipopolysaccharide-Induced IL-18 Secretion from Murine Kupffer Cells Independently of Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88 That Is Critically Involved in Induction of Production of IL-12 and IL-1β

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A Poxvirus-Encoded Pyrin Domain Protein Interacts with ASC-1 to Inhibit Host Inflammatory and Apoptotic Responses to Infection

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TLR3 in antiviral immunity: key player or bystander?

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The CATERPILLER Protein Monarch-1 Is an Antagonist of Toll-like Receptor-, Tumor Necrosis Factor α-, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis-induced Pro-inflammatory Signals

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TLRs: Differential Adapter Utilization by Toll-Like Receptors Mediates TLR-Specific Patterns of Gene Expression

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Negative Regulation of the Retinoic Acid-inducible Gene I-induced Antiviral State by the Ubiquitin-editing Protein A20

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Potentiation of Caspase-1 Activation by the P2X7 Receptor Is Dependent on TLR Signals and Requires NF-κB-Driven Protein Synthesis

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ASC is essential for LPS‐induced activation of procaspase‐1 independently of TLR‐associated signal adaptor molecules

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A Role for Erbin in the Regulation of Nod2-dependent NF-κB Signaling

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PYPAF3, a PYRIN-containing APAF-1-like Protein, Is a Feedback Regulator of Caspase-1-dependent Interleukin-1β Secretion

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Therapeutic targeting of Toll-like receptors for inflammatory and infectious diseases

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PYNOD, a Novel Apaf-1/CED4-like Protein is an Inhibitor of ASC and Caspase-1

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A human homologue of mouse Mater, a maternal effect gene essential for early embryonic development

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The Frameshift Mutation in Nod2 Results in Unresponsiveness Not Only to Nod2- but Also Nod1-activating Peptidoglycan Agonists

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Oncogenic role of NALP7 in testicular seminomas

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Antimicrobial Autophagy: A Conserved Innate Immune Response in Drosophila

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Cytokines in Inflammatory Disease

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DAI (DLM-1/ZBP1) is a cytosolic DNA sensor and an activator of innate immune response

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Cooperation of Toll-like receptor signals in innate immune defence

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PAMP s and DAMP s: signal 0s that spur autophagy and immunity

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Regulation of Intestinal Barrier Function by Microbial Metabolites

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Keeping It All Going—Complement Meets Metabolism

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Innate Recognition of Viruses

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The macrophage: Past, present and future

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Anisakis simplex: from Obscure Infectious Worm to Inducer of Immune Hypersensitivity

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Crosstalk between fibroblasts and inflammatory cells

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Uptake of particulate vaccine adjuvants by dendritic cells activates the NALP3 inflammasome

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The mannose receptor

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Biglycan, a Danger Signal That Activates the NLRP3 Inflammasome via Toll-like and P2X Receptors

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NLRP6 negatively regulates innate immunity and host defence against bacterial pathogens

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Human TLRs and IL-1Rs in Host Defense: Natural Insights from Evolutionary, Epidemiological, and Clinical Genetics

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Cytokine and Chemokine Regulation of Sensory Neuron Function

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Salmonella Typhimurium and inflammation: a pathogen-centric affair

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