The DOI matches its Crossref record; 38 of the 39 references it cites were found in a registry or an index, and 1 are not checked yet; none of the 44 sources its claims cite is checked for support yet.
Rac and Cdc42 GTPases control hematopoietic stem cell shape, adhesion, migration, and mobilization
Open accessAbstract
Critical to homeostasis of blood cell production by hematopoietic stem/progenitor (HSC/P) cells is the regulation of HSC/P retention within the bone marrow microenvironment and migration between the bone marrow and the blood. Key extracellular regulatory elements for this process have been defined (cell–cell adhesion, growth factors, chemokines), but the mechanism by which HSC/P cells reconcile multiple external signals has not been elucidated. Rac and related small GTPases are candidates for this role and were studied in HSC/P deficient in Rac2, a hematopoietic cell-specific family member. Rac2 appears to be critical for HSC/P adhesion both in vitro and in vivo , whereas a compensatory increase in Cdc42 activation regulates HSC/P migration. This genetic analysis provides physiological evidence of cross-talk between GTPase proteins and suggests that a balance of these two GTPases controls HSC/P adhesion and mobilization in vivo .
Checked 2026-11-12 · 1 reference not checked yet
Overview
CoChat Summary
Written by AI from the paper’s full text.
TL;DR
Rac2 deficiency in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells reduces α4β1-mediated adhesion and increases circulating/mobilized HSC/P, while SDF-1-stimulated migration is enhanced via compensatory Cdc42/Rac1 activation. The balance of Rac and Cdc42 GTPase activity controls HSC/P adhesion and mobilization in vivo.
Key findings
- Rac2−/− HSC/P showed defective adhesion to fibronectin fragment H296 via α4β1: WT 50.0 ± 2%, Rac2−/− 17.6 ± 4%, and Rac2−/− transduced with MIEG3-FR2 46.0 ± 7% (P < 0.01 WT vs. Rac2−/−; P > 0.05 Rac2-transduced vs. WT).
- Rac2−/− mice had significantly higher numbers of HSC/P in blood by CFU-C and CFU-S12 assays, and G-CSF mobilized HSC/P into blood in 3- to 4-fold greater numbers than WT mice.
- SDF-1-stimulated Rac2−/− HSC/P were hypermotile: increased responding-cell frequency was 6.7 ± 3.1% vs. 1.1 ± 2.2% (Rac2−/− vs. WT, P = 0.01), with increased velocity in Dunn chamber time-lapse imaging.
- Activated Cdc42 and Rac1 increased after SDF-1: active Cdc42 rose from 0.12% to 0.74% in WT but from 3.12% to 49.26% in Rac2−/− cells; active Rac1 rose from 4.4% to 28.6% in WT but from 21.4% to 49.3% in Rac2−/− cells. Dominant-negative Cdc42 reversed enhanced filopodia and migration but not adhesion.
Methods
- Used 6- to 10-week-old age- and gender-matched 129Sv/C57BL6 or 129Sv mice, with littermates analyzed in parallel where possible; isolated Lin−c-Kit+Sca-1+ bone marrow cells by immunomagnetic depletion and FACS sorting to >90% purity.
- Measured adhesion to fibronectin fragments H-296 and CH-271 or BSA, transwell migration to SDF-1, Dunn chamber time-lapse motility, and in vivo mobilization with G-CSF (250 μg/kg every 12 h) and/or anti-α4β1 antibody (2 mg/kg/day for 3 days), using CFU-C and CFU-S12 assays.
- Analyzed GTP-bound Cdc42/Rac1 by GST-PAK1 p21-binding domain pull-down, receptor expression by real-time PCR, and used retroviral transduction with MIEG3, MIEG-FR2, and T17NCdc42 vectors.
Limitations
- The paper does not include a formal limitations section.
- Stated: the basis for Rac2 functional specificity is unknown, and whether Rac-dependent signaling links adhesion and growth factor stimulation to HSC/P survival remains “yet to be explored.”
- Evident: findings rely on Rac2−/− mice and in vitro assays; some supporting data are reported as “not shown,” and the relative contributions of active migration versus altered adhesion to mobilization are not fully clarified.
Model-written summary. Check it against the paper before relying on it.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
33 Own result · 26 Not checked yet · 24 Own interpretation · 4 Check pending · 3 Own method
In the paper
“adhesion of HSC/P cells derived from Rac2−/− mice to the recombinant FN peptide H296 (4), containing specific ligand sequences, CS1, of the integrin α4β1 was significantly reduced compared with WT cells (Fig. 2B).”
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [4] van der Loo J C, Xiao X, McMillin D, Hashino K, Kato I, Williams D A. J Clin Invest. 1998;102:1051–1061. doi: 10.1172/JCI3687. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
plainstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
In the paper
“no augmentation of mobilization is seen in Rac2−/− mice with the combined treatment of G-CSF and anti-α4 antibody, as expected in normal mice (15) and seen here in WT mice (Fig. 2C).”
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [15] Craddock C F, Nakamoto B, Andrews R G, Priestley G V, Papayannopoulou T. Blood. 1997;90:4779–4788. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
In the paper
“SDF-1-stimulated primitive cells (c-kit+Sca-1+Lin−) from Rac2−/− mice demonstrated increased migration in transwell chambers (16) across multiple concentrations (Fig. 3A).”
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [16] Aiuti A, Webb I J, Bleul C, Springer T, Gutierrez-Ramos J C. J Exp Med. 1997;185:111–120. doi: 10.1084/jem.185.1.111. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar] source
boostedstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Rac2−/− mice injected with G-CSF mobilized HSC/P into the blood in 3- to 4-fold greater numbers than similarly treated WT mice (Fig. 1B).”
plainstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Both increased velocity of migration (Fig. 3B) and increased frequency of responding cells (6.7 ± 3.1% vs. 1.1 ± 2.2%, Rac2−/− vs. WT, P = 0.01) were further documented in Rac2-deficient cells by analysis with time-lapsed video microscopy in Dunn chambers.”
boostedstates an association- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Probably not a substantial claim. 22
- It may state two separate claims as one. 17
- The quote only partly states this claim. 2
Create a free account to see these claims.
Create a free account to see these assumptions.
48 more claims
Create a free account to see all 90 claims and to verify the 41 references still open.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Rac subfamily members, Rac1 and Rac2, are essential for cortical filamentous-actin (F-actin) assembly and chemotaxis in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells.4,5”
From Cross-talk between RhoH and Rac1 in regulation of actin cytoskeleton and chemotaxis of hematopoietic progenitor cells (2008) · cites this paper as [4]
In the citing paper
“The Rac subfamily of Rho guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases) plays an essential role in regulating hematopoiesis (Gu et al., 2003;Yang et al., 2001;Cancelas et al., 2005;Cancelas and Williams, 2006).”
From Rac Guanosine Triphosphatases Represent Integrating Molecular Therapeutic Targets for BCR-ABL-Induced Myeloproliferative Disease (2007) · cites this paper as Yang et al., 2001
In the citing paper
“whereas Rac2 is important for retention of HSC/P within the hematopoietic microenvironment (Yang et al., 2001) and regulates survival (Gu et al., 2003).”
From Rac Guanosine Triphosphatases Represent Integrating Molecular Therapeutic Targets for BCR-ABL-Induced Myeloproliferative Disease (2007) · cites this paper as Yang et al., 2001
In the citing paper
“The main function of RAC GTPases is traditionally associated with cytoskeleton rearrangements and thus processes such as regulation of cell shape, migration and adhesion [27,28,48].”
From Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Human Leukemic Stem/Progenitor Cells upon Loss of RAC2 (2015) · cites this paper as [27]
In the citing paper
“Consequently, RAC proteins have a critical role for the biology of HSCs, as they have been implicated in such processes as migration, homing and retention of HSCs in the bone marrow [20,26,27].”
From Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Human Leukemic Stem/Progenitor Cells upon Loss of RAC2 (2015) · cites this paper as [27]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
Each contradiction between two passages listed here was confirmed by an independent check.
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
§ Results
“whereas expression of the dominant negative Cdc42 bearing Thr→Asp at position 17 is associated with reversal of the enhanced filopodia in Rac2−/− cells”
§ Materials and Methods
“The cells were infected with MIEG3, MIEG-FR2, and T17NCdc42 virus supernatant on FN CH-296-coated plates.”
Citations
Cites
Calcium's Role in Mechanotransduction during Muscle Development
Damm, T. B., & Egli, M. (2014) · Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry · doi:10.1159/000356667 · Cited by 14,553
Real time quantitative PCR.Preprint
Heid, C., Stevens, J., Livak, K. J., & Williams, P. (1996) · Genome Research · doi:10.1101/gr.6.10.986 · Cited by 6,180
Rho GTPases and the Actin Cytoskeleton
Hall, A. (1998) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.279.5350.509 · Cited by 6,138
Nobes, C. D., & Hall, A. (1995) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(95)90370-4 · Cited by 4,414
Dependence of Human Stem Cell Engraftment and Repopulation of NOD/SCID Mice on CXCR4
Peled, A., Petit, I., Kollet, O., Magid, M., Ponomaryov, T., Byk, T., Nagler, A., Ben-Hur, H., Many, A., Shultz, L., et al. (1999) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.283.5403.845 · Cited by 1,644
Aiuti, A., Webb, I. J., Bleul, C., Springer, T., & Gutierrez-Ramos, J. C. (1997) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.185.1.111 · Cited by 1,158
Rac Downregulates Rho Activity
Sander, E. E., ten Klooster, J. P., van Delft, S., van der Kammen, R. A., & Collard, J. G. (1999) · The Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.147.5.1009 · Cited by 826
Bar‐Sagi, D., & Hall, A. (2000) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)00115-x · Cited by 802
Episomal Vectors Rapidly and Stably Produce High-Titer Recombinant Retrovirus
Kinsella, T. M., & Nolan, G. P. (1996) · Human Gene Therapy · doi:10.1089/hum.1996.7.12-1405 · Cited by 730
Endomembrane Trafficking of Ras
Choy, E., Chiu, V. K., Silletti, J., Feoktistov, M., Morimoto, T., Michaelson, D., Ivanov, I. E., & Philips, M. R. (1999) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80607-8 · Cited by 697
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- D A Williams, W Tao, F C Yang, C Kim, Y Gu, P Mansfield, J E Levine, B Petryniak, C W Derrow, C Harris, et al. Blood 96, 1646–1654 (2000).
Cited by
Items 101–200 of 202
Henschler, R., Piiper, A., Bistrian, R., & Möbest, D. (2003) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2003.10.112 · Cited by 41
Mobilisation with G-CSF in healthy donors promotes a high but temporal deregulation of genes
Hernández‐Rivas, J. M., Castilla‐Llorente, C., Gutierrez, N. C., Isidro, I. M., Delgado, M., Rivas, J. D. L., Fermiñán, E., García, J. L., Ocio, E. M., del Cañizo, M. C., et al. (2005) · Leukemia · doi:10.1038/sj.leu.2403753 · Cited by 41
Khalaf, W. F., Yang, F., Shi, C., White, H. A., Bessler, W., Ingram, D. A., & Clapp, D. W. (2007) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.178.4.2527 · Cited by 41
Self-citationTao, W., Filippi, M., Bailey, J. R., Atkinson, S. J., Connors, B. A., Evan, A. P., & Williams, D. A. (2002) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood.v100.5.1679.h81702001679_1679_1688 · Cited by 41
Self-citationRatajczak, M. Z., Kim, C., Janowska‐Wieczorek, A., & Ratajczak, J. (2012) · The Scientific World JOURNAL · doi:10.1100/2012/758512 · Cited by 40
Lai, Y., Tsai, J.-C., Tseng, Y.-T., Wu, M.-S., Liu, W.-S., Lam, H.-I., Yu, J.-H., Nozell, S. E., & Benveniste, E. N. (2017) · Oncotarget · doi:10.18632/oncotarget.14949 · Cited by 40
Rho GTPases in hematopoietic stem cell functions
Cancelas, J. A., & Williams, D. A. (2009) · Current Opinion in Hematology · doi:10.1097/moh.0b013e32832c4b80 · Cited by 40
Self-citationGrockowiak, É., Korn, C., Rak, J. M., Lysenko, V., Hallou, A., Panvini, F. M., Williams, M., Fielding, C., Fang, Z., Khatib-Massalha, E., et al. (2023) · Nature Cancer · doi:10.1038/s43018-023-00607-x · Cited by 39
Ross, E. A., Freeman, S. D., Zhao, Y. Q., Dhanjal, T., Ross, E. J., Lax, S., Ahmed, Z., Hou, T. Z., Kalia, N., Egginton, S., et al. (2008) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0002338 · Cited by 37
Hem-1: putting the "WAVE" into actin polymerization during an immune response
Park, H., Chan, M. M., & Iritani, B. M. (2010) · FEBS Letters · doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2010.10.018 · Cited by 36
Grill, B. J., & Schrader, J. W. (2002) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2002-01-0154 · Cited by 34
Munugalavadla, V., Vemula, S., Sims, E. K., Krishnan, S., Shi, C., Yan, J., Li, H., Niziolek, P., Takemoto, C. M., Robling, A. G., et al. (2008) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.00920-08 · Cited by 32
Self-citationRAC2 GTPase deficiency and myeloid cell dysfunction in human and mouse
Gu, Y., & Williams, D. A. (2002) · Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology · doi:10.1097/00043426-200212000-00027 · Cited by 25
Self-citationXu, H., Eleswarapu, S., Geiger, H., Szczur, K., Daria, D., Zheng, Y., Settleman, J. E., Srour, E. F., Williams, D. A., & Filippi, M. (2009) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2009-02-205815 · Cited by 29
Self-citationRossi, M. I. D., de Barros, A. P. D. N., Baptista, L. S., Garzoni, L. R., Meirelles, M. N. L., Takiya, C. M., Pascarelli, B. M. D. O., Dutra, H. S., & Borojević, R. (2005) · Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research · doi:10.1590/s0100-879x2005001000002 · Cited by 29
Richter, R., Forssmann, W., & Henschler, R. (2017) · Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy · doi:10.1159/000477262 · Cited by 28
Ratajczak, M. Z., Kim, C., Wu, W., Shin, D. M., Bryndza, E., Kucia, M., & Ratajczak, J. (2011) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-0106-3_3 · Cited by 28
Rho GTPase Cdc42 is essential for human T-cell development
Smits, K., Iannucci, V., Stove, V. V., Hauwe, P. V., Naessens, E., Meuwissen, P., Ariën, K. K., Bentahir, M., Plum, J. R., & Verhasselt, B. (2010) · Haematologica · doi:10.3324/haematol.2009.006890 · Cited by 26
Rho GTPases in erythroid maturation
Kalfa, T. A., & Zheng, Y. (2014) · Current Opinion in Hematology · doi:10.1097/moh.0000000000000032 · Cited by 26
Self-citationHematopoietic defects in response to reduced Arhgap21
Xavier-Ferrucio, J. M., Ricon, L., Vieira, K. P., Longhini, A. L. F., Lazarini, M., Bigarella, C. L., Franchi, G. C., Krause, D. S., & Saad, S. T. O. (2017) · Stem Cell Research · doi:10.1016/j.scr.2017.11.014 · Cited by 25
Rozenveld-Geugien, M., Baas, I. O., van Gosliga, D., Vellenga, E., & Schuringa, J. J. (2007) · Experimental Hematology · doi:10.1016/j.exphem.2007.02.006 · Cited by 19
Bug, G., Roßmanith, T., Henschler, R., Kunz‐Schughart, L. A., Schröder, B., Kampfmann, M., Kreutz, M. P., Hoelzer, D. T., & Ottmann, O. G. (2002) · Journal of Leukocyte Biology · doi:10.1189/jlb.72.4.837 · Cited by 25
Geiger, H., Szilvassy, S. J., Ragland, P. L., & Zant, G. E. V. (2004) · Experimental Hematology · doi:10.1016/j.exphem.2003.09.015 · Cited by 25
Chavez, F. H., Luo, H., Cifani, P., Pine, A., Chu, E. L., Joshi, S., Barin, E., Schurer, A., Chan, M., Chang, K., et al. (2023) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-023-38001-x · Cited by 24
Lane, S., Vita, S. D., Alexander, K. A., Karaman, R., Milsom, M. D., Dorrance, A. M., Purdon, A. S., Louis, L. D., Bouxsein, M., & Williams, D. A. (2011) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2011-07-368753 · Cited by 24
Self-citationReis, C. A. S., Marjon, K. D., Pascetti, E. M., Floren, M., & Gillette, J. M. (2018) · Molecular Biology of the Cell · doi:10.1091/mbc.e18-05-0305 · Cited by 24
Williamson, A. J. K., Pierce, A., Jaworska, E., Zhou, C., Aspinall-O’Dea, M., Lancashire, L., Unwin, R. D., Abraham, S. A., Walker, M. J., Cadecco, S., et al. (2013) · Molecular & Cellular Proteomics · doi:10.1074/mcp.m112.024604 · Cited by 23
Li, M., Tian, L., Yao, H., Lu, J., Ge, J., Guo, Y., Liu, M., & Xiao, H. (2014) · Oncology Reports · doi:10.3892/or.2014.3150 · Cited by 22
Innate Immunity as Orchestrator of Bone Marrow Homing for Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells
Ratajczak, M. Z., Kim, C., Ratajczak, J., & Janowska‐Wieczorek, A. (2012) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-4118-2_15 · Cited by 22
Park, S. S., Kim, M., Yun, S. P., Ryu, J. M., Park, J. H., Seo, B. N., Jeon, J. H., & Han, H. J. (2012) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids · doi:10.1016/j.bbalip.2012.09.005 · Cited by 21
Shen, G., Zhou, E., Alspaugh, J. A., & Wang, P. (2012) · Eukaryotic Cell · doi:10.1128/ec.00011-12 · Cited by 21
The Wave2 scaffold Hem-1 is required for transition of fetal liver hematopoiesis to bone marrow
Shao, L., Chang, J., Feng, W., Wang, X., Williamson, E. A., Li, Y., Schajnovitz, A., Scadden, D., Mortensen, L. J., Lin, C. P., et al. (2018) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-018-04716-5 · Cited by 20
Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Human Leukemic Stem/Progenitor Cells upon Loss of RAC2
Capala, M. E., Maat, H., Bonardi, F., van den Boom, V., Kuipers, J., Vellenga, E., Giepmans, B. N. G., & Schuringa, J. J. (2015) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0128585 · Cited by 20
Numano, F., Inoue, A., Enomoto, M., Shinomiya, K., Okawa, A., & Okabe, S. (2009) · Molecular Brain · doi:10.1186/1756-6606-2-37 · Cited by 20
Stem cells on the way to restorative medicine
Keller, R. (2002) · Immunology Letters · doi:10.1016/s0165-2478(02)00065-2 · Cited by 20
Francis, K., Palsson, B. Ø., Donahue, J., Fong, S., & Carrier, E. (2002) · Experimental Hematology · doi:10.1016/s0301-472x(02)00778-6 · Cited by 19
Calura, E., Pizzini, S., Bisognin, A., Coppe, A., Sales, G., Gaffo, E., Fanelli, T., Mannarelli, C., Zini, R., Norfo, R., et al. (2016) · Blood Cancer Journal · doi:10.1038/bcj.2016.47 · Cited by 18
The molecular basis for immune dysregulation by the hyperactivated E62K mutant of the GTPase RAC2
Arrington, M. E., Temple, B., Schaefer, A., & Campbell, S. L. (2020) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.ra120.012915 · Cited by 19
The role of ARHGAP9: clinical implication and potential function in acute myeloid leukemia
Han, C., He, S., Wang, R., Gao, X., Wang, H., Qiao, J., Meng, X., Li, Y., & Yu, L. (2021) · Journal of Translational Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12967-021-02733-5 · Cited by 18
The role of complement in the trafficking of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells
Janowska‐Wieczorek, A., Marquez‐Curtis, L. A., Shirvaikar, N., & Ratajczak, M. Z. (2012) · Transfusion · doi:10.1111/j.1537-2995.2012.03636.x · Cited by 18
Role of the monomeric GTPase Rho in hematopoietic progenitor cell migration and transplantation
Göttig, S., Möbest, D., Rüster, B., Grace, B., Winter, S., Seifried, E., Gille, J., Wieland, T., & Henschler, R. (2005) · European Journal of Immunology · doi:10.1002/eji.200525607 · Cited by 17
Gao, Y. (2011) · Molecular Medicine Reports · doi:10.3892/mmr.2011.632 · Cited by 16
Regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 expression by small GTPase Rac2 in bone marrow macrophages
Azim, A. C., Cao, H., Gao, X., Joo, M., Malik, A. B., van Breemen, R. B., Sadikot, R. T., Park, G., & Christman, J. W. (2007) · American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajplung.00043.2007 · Cited by 16
Mende, N., Bastos, H. P., Santoro, A., Sham, K., Mahbubani, K. T. A., Curd, A., Takizawa, H., Wilson, N. K., Göttgens, B., Saeb‐Parsy, K., et al. (2020) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2020.01.26.919753 · Cited by 16
Rho GTPases in Hematopoietic Cells
van Hennik, P. B., & Hordijk, P. L. (2005) · Antioxidants and Redox Signaling · doi:10.1089/ars.2005.7.1440 · Cited by 15
Active RHOA favors retention of human hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells in their niche
Jaganathan, B. G., Anjos‐Afonso, F., Kumar, A., & Bonnet, D. A. (2013) · Journal of Biomedical Science · doi:10.1186/1423-0127-20-66 · Cited by 15
Pohlmann, S., Scheu, S., Ziegler, V., Schupp, N., Henninger, C., & Fritz, G. (2018) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbamcr.2018.06.007 · Cited by 15
Impaired function of Fanconi anemia type C-deficient macrophages
Liu, Y., Ballman, K. K., Li, D., Khan, S., Derr-Yellin, E. C., Shou, W., & Haneline, L. S. (2011) · Journal of Leukocyte Biology · doi:10.1189/jlb.0811418 · Cited by 14
Zoledronic acid inhibits the growth of leukemic MLL-AF9 transformed hematopoietic cells
Chiarella, E., Codispoti, B., Aloisio, A., Cosentino, E. G., Scicchitano, S., Montalcini, Y., Lico, D., Morrone, G., Mesuraca, M., & Bond, H. M. (2020) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04020 · Cited by 14
Gomez, J. C., Šoltýs, J., Okano, K., Dinauer, M. C., & Doerschuk, C. M. (2008) · American Journal Of Pathology · doi:10.2353/ajpath.2008.071059 · Cited by 14
Kraan, T. C. T. M. V. D. P., Schirmer, S. H., Fledderus, J. O., Moerland, P. D., Baggen, J. M. C., Leyen, T. A., van der Laan, A. M., Piek, J. J., van Royen, N., & Horrevoets, A. J. G. (2010) · BMC Genomics · doi:10.1186/1471-2164-11-388 · Cited by 13
Guo, Y., Deng, X., Wang, S., Yuan, Y., Guo, Z., Hao, H., Jiao, Y., Li, P., & Han, S. (2023) · International Journal of Biological Macromolecules · doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127639 · Cited by 11
Özdil, B., Calik-Kocaturk, D., Altunayar‐Unsalan, C., Açıkgöz, E., Oltulu, F., Gorgulu, V., Uysal, A., Öktem, G., Ünsalan, O., Güler, G., et al. (2023) · Histochemistry and Cell Biology · doi:10.1007/s00418-023-02234-0 · Cited by 11
Nebesio, T. D., Ming, W., Shi, C., Clegg, T., Yuan, J., Yang, Y., Estwick, S. A., Li, Y., Li, X., Hingtgen, C. M., et al. (2007) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.20482 · Cited by 11
Self-citationRho GTPases in Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cell Migration
Liu, W., Feng, Y., Shang, X., & Zheng, Y. (2011) · Methods in molecular biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-61779-145-1_21 · Cited by 10
Self-citationYang, W., Trahan, G. D., Howell, E. D., Speck, N. A., Jones, K. L., Gillen, A. E., Riemondy, K. A., Hesselberth, J. R., Bryder, D., & Ernst, P. (2020) · Stem Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.stemcr.2019.12.009 · Cited by 10
Muthukrishnan, R., & Skalnik, D. G. (2009) · Gene · doi:10.1016/j.gene.2009.04.005 · Cited by 10
Mechanisms of CXCR7 induction in malignant melanoma development
Li, X., Liu, P., Tian, W.-W., Li, Z., Liu, B., & Sun, J. (2017) · Oncology Letters · doi:10.3892/ol.2017.6720 · Cited by 9
Smith‐Berdan, S., Bercasio, A., Kramer, L., Petkus, B., Hinck, L., & Forsberg, E. C. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0255606 · Cited by 9
On how Rac controls hematopoietic stem cell activity
Cancelas, J. A. (2011) · Transfusion · doi:10.1111/j.1537-2995.2011.03378.x · Cited by 6
Pharmacological Inhibition of P-Rex1/Rac1 Axis Blocked Angiotensin II-Induced Cardiac Fibrosis
Pan, J., Liu, M., Su, H., Hu, H., Chen, H., & Ma, L. (2023) · Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy · doi:10.1007/s10557-023-07442-3 · Cited by 7
Siah, A., McKenna, P., Danger, J., Johnson, G. R., & Berthe, F. C. J. (2012) · Results in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.rinim.2012.03.003 · Cited by 7
Cui, X., Wang, Y., Liu, J., Liu, Z., Zhao, M., Yu, W., Zhu, M., Xu, H., Lu, B., Peng, D., et al. (2025) · Food & Function · doi:10.1039/d4fo02810d · Cited by 6
Pierce, A., Lu, Y., Hamzah, H. G., Thompson, S., Owen‐Lynch, P. J., Whetton, A. D., & Spooncer, E. (2006) · British Journal of Haematology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2141.2006.06015.x · Cited by 6
Saeed, M. B., Record, J., & Westerberg, L. S. (2020) · International review of cytology · doi:10.1016/bs.ircmb.2020.06.001 · Cited by 6
Mobilization dynamics of bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells during hematopoietic regeneration
Johansson, A., Khalilnezhad, A., Takizawa, H., Mizuno, H., Suda, T., & Umemoto, T. (2024) · Experimental Hematology · doi:10.1016/j.exphem.2024.104281 · Cited by 5
Li, Y., Xing, W., He, Y., Shi, C., Rhodes, S. D., Yuan, J., Zhou, Y., Shi, J., Bai, J., Zhang, F.-K., et al. (2014) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · doi:10.3978/j.issn.2306-9759.2014.10.02 · Cited by 5
Self-citationDjrho2 is involved in regeneration of visual nerves in Dugesia japonica
Ma, C., Gao, Y., Chai, G., Su, H., Wang, N., Yang, Y., Li, C., Miao, D., & Wu, W. (2010) · Journal of genetics and genomics/Journal of Genetics and Genomics · doi:10.1016/s1673-8527(09)60089-8 · Cited by 5
Shao, X., Miao, M.-H., Qi, X., & Chen, Z. (2012) · Oncology Letters · doi:10.3892/ol.2012.736 · Cited by 4
Recent advances in understanding inherited deficiencies in immunity to infections
Constantine, G. M., & Lionakis, M. S. (2020) · F1000Research · doi:10.12688/f1000research.22036.1 · Cited by 4
Molecular regulators of chemotaxis in human hematopoietic stem cells
Liu, Y., Geng, N., & Huang, X. (2024) · Biochemical Society Transactions · doi:10.1042/bst20240288 · Cited by 3
Gur‐Cohen, S., Itkin, T., Chakrabarty, S., Graf, C., Kollet, Ó., Ludin, A., Golan, K., Kalinkovich, A., Ledergor, G., Wong, E., et al. (2016) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm0416-446b · Cited by 3
Yao, H., Xie, X., Wang, D., & Pei, X. (2007) · Chinese Science Bulletin · doi:10.1007/s11434-007-0467-7 · Cited by 2
Padmanabhan, J., Chen, K., Sivaraj, D., Kuehlmann, B. A., Bonham, C. A., Dohi, T., Henn, D., Stern‐Buchbinder, Z. A., Than, P. A., Hosseini, H. S., et al. (2022) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2022.01.14.476395 · Cited by 2
Neutrophils in Acute Bacterial Pneumonia
Gomez, J. C., Wang, Q., & Doerschuk, C. M. (2012) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-5326-0_4 · Cited by 1
Aging of the Niche and the Microenvironment and Its Role in Stem Cell Aging
Geiger, H. (2012) · Else Kröner-Fresenius Symposia · doi:10.1159/000338021 · Cited by 1
Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Bone Marrow Homing of Hematopoietic Stem Cells
Sahin, A. O., & Buitenhuis, M. (2012) · InTech eBooks · doi:10.5772/31554 · Cited by 1
Lee, H., Che, J., Lee, J., Chung, S. S., Jung, H. S., & Park, K. S. (2011) · Laboratory Animal Research · doi:10.5625/lar.2011.27.2.133 · Cited by 1
Immunogens in Balamuthia mandrillaris: a proteomic exploration
Alfaro-Sifuentes, R., Lares‐Jiménez, L. F., Rojas-Hernández, S., Carrasco‐Yépez, M. M., Rojas-Ortega, D. A., Rodríguez-Anaya, L. Z., González-Galavíz, J. R., & Villa, F. L. (2024) · Parasitology Research · doi:10.1007/s00436-024-08193-2 · Cited by 1
O127. EPS8 in squamous carcinogenesis
Wang, H., Patel, V., Miyazaki, H., Gutkind, J. S., & Yeudall, W. A. (2009) · Oral Oncology Supplement · doi:10.1016/j.oos.2009.06.212 · Cited by 1
LATEXIN’S ROLE IN REGULATING HEMATOPOIETIC STEM AND PROGENITOR CELLS
Liu, Y. (2013) · UKnowledge (University of Kentucky)
Geiger, H. (2010) · Else Kröner-Fresenius Symposia · doi:10.1159/000312647
The Microenvironment, Aging and Disease
Geiger, H. (2014) · Else Kröner-Fresenius Symposia · doi:10.1159/000366569
Defining the mechanism of prostaglandin E₂-enhanced hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell homing
Speth, J. M. (2014) · IUScholarWorks (Indiana University) · doi:10.7912/c2/1723
Obara, O. I. (2011) · Kenyatta University Institutional Repository (Kenyatta University)
Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor Type S (PTPRS) Regulates Hematopoietic Stem
Self-Renewal, C., & Quarmyne, M. (2015)
Iannucci, V. (2013) · Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University)
The role of CD18 and Rac2 in regulating neutrophil production and release from the bone marrow.
Gomez, J. C. (2008) · OhioLink ETD Center (Ohio Library and Information Network)
Nayak, R. C., Chang, K. H., & Cancelas, J. A. (2015) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-2904-7_3
Neutrophil migration in primary immunodeficiency
Record, J. (2018) · UCL Discovery (University College London)
Role of Non‐coding RNA s in Innate Immune Responses Perturbed by Environmental Arsenic Exposure
Perez, L. S., & King, B. L. (2022) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119807704.ch6
Han, C., He, S., Wang, R. L., Gao, X., Wang, H., Qiao, J., Meng, X., Li, Y., & Yu, L. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.13978888
Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor Type S (PTPRS) Regulates Hematopoietic Stem Cell Self-Renewal
Quarmyne, M. (2015) · DukeSpace (Duke University)
Kallinikou, K. (2013) · UCL Discovery (University College London)
Etude phénotypique des cellules endométriosiques profondes
Leconte, M. (2012) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/6c60e34az6799z41eaz8bacz16682a3d37ea
Han, C., He, S., Wang, R., Gao, X., Wang, H., Qiao, J., Meng, X., Li, Y., & Yu, L. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.13978891
Study of Rho GTPases in multiple myeloma: involvement of RhoU in disease initiation and progression
Canovas Nunes, S. J. (2017) · Padua@research (University of Padova)
Profiling primitive haematopoietic progenitors in the vertebrate embryo
Wheatley, L. (2017) · Oxford University Research Archive (ORA) (University of Oxford) · doi:10.5287/ora-j2qn4wevg
Metadata
- Authors
- Yang, F.-C., Atkinson, S. J., Gu, Y., Borneo, J. B., Roberts, A. W., Zheng, Y., Pennington, J., & Williams, D. A.
- Affiliations
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2001-04-24
- Volume
- 98
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 5614-5618
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC33261
- OpenAlex
- W2122152063
- Semantic Scholar
- 10b658434496f0ef237ecf32ac8b7937ecf77f9c
- Cited by
- 201
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 6 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 16
- FWCI
- 6.29
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- IUScholarWorks (Indiana University) (submittedVersion)
- Purdue University Indianapolis (Indiana University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- Colorado State University
- Medical Research Council
- National Health and Medical Research Council
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P50DK049218, P30DK049218)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protein Kinase Regulation and GTPase Signaling
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Chemokine receptors and signaling
- Keywords
- hematopoietic stem cells, hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, Rac2, Cdc42, small GTPases, cell adhesion, cell migration, hematopoietic stem cell mobilization, bone marrow microenvironment
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Base Sequence, Cell Adhesion, Cell Movement, Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Mice, Inbred Strains, DNA Primers, rac GTP-Binding Proteins, cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein, Cell Size, Mice
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
A language model drew the claims from the paper on 2026-11-12, under version 3 of the claim definition (model deepseek-v4.1-flash, prompt extract-v3).
A second model labelled each claim on 2026-11-12 (model jev-1.13-20260917, definition revision gold-guideline-v0.2).
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
