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Obstacles to integrated pest management adoption in developing countries
Open accessAbstract
Significance: Integrated pest management (IPM) has been the dominant crop protection paradigm promoted globally since the 1960s. However, its adoption by developing country farmers is surprisingly low. This article reports 51 potential reasons why, identified and prioritized by hundreds of IPM professionals and practitioners around the world. Stakeholders from developing countries prioritized different adoption obstacles than those from high-income countries. Surprisingly, a few of the obstacles prioritized in developing countries appear to be overlooked by the literature. We suggest that a more vigorous analysis and discussion of the factors discouraging IPM adoption in developing countries may accelerate the progress needed to bring about its full potential.
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Metadata
- Authors
- Parsa, S., Morse, S., Bonifacio, A., Chancellor, T. C. B., Condori, B., Crespo-Pérez, V., Hobbs, S. L. A., Kroschel, J., Ba, M. N., Rebaudo, F., Sherwood, S. G., Vanek, S. J., Faye, E., Herrera, M. A., & Dangles, O.
- Affiliations
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture (KE)
- University of Surrey (GB)
- Fundación para la Promoción e Investigación de Productos Andinos, Cochabamba, Bolivia;
- Natural Resources Institute (GB)
- International Potato Center (PE)
- Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador;
- CAB International (GB)
- International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropic, Niamey, Niger;
- Université Paris-Sud (FR)
- Wageningen University & Research (NL)
- Cornell University (US)
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Unité Diversité, Évolution et Écologie des Insectes Tropicaux, Laboratoire Evolution, Génomes et Spéciation, 91198 Gif-sur Yvette Cedex, France;
- Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (EC)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2014-02-24
- Volume
- 111
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 3889-3894
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC3956194
- OpenAlex
- W2099625864
- Cited by
- 334
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2026: 38 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 38 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 40 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 27 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 6
- FWCI
- 64.95
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Greenwich Academic Literature Archive (University of Greenwich) (acceptedVersion)
- Open Access Repository of ICRISAT (International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics) (acceptedVersion)
- Socio-Environmental Systems Modeling (acceptedVersion)
- Surrey Research Insight Open Access (The University of Surrey) (submittedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Agritrop (Cirad) (submittedVersion)
- CGSPace A Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- McKnight Foundation
- Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › General Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agricultural Innovations and Practices
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Insect Science › Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › General Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agricultural Development and Management
- Keywords
- integrated pest management, IPM adoption, barriers to adoption, developing countries, agricultural extension, stakeholder engagement, concept mapping
- MeSH terms
- Agriculture, Analysis of Variance, Community-Institutional Relations, Data Collection, Developing Countries, Education, Motivation, Pest Control, Professional Competence, Research, Cluster Analysis
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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