Cited by 1,223Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and ApplicationsFunctional Brain Connectivity StudiesComplex Network Analysis Techniques

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 55 of the 55 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Sex differences in the structural connectome of the human brain

Open access
Ingalhalikar, Madhura, Smith, Alex, Parker, Drew, Satterthwaite, Theodore D., Elliott, Mark A., Ruparel, Kosha, Hakonarson, Hakon, Gur, Raquel E., Gur, Ruben C., Verma, Ragini·2014·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Abstract

Significance: Sex differences are of high scientific and societal interest because of their prominence in behavior of humans and nonhuman species. This work is highly significant because it studies a very large population of 949 youths (8–22 y, 428 males and 521 females) using the diffusion-based structural connectome of the brain, identifying novel sex differences. The results establish that male brains are optimized for intrahemispheric and female brains for interhemispheric communication. The developmental trajectories of males and females separate at a young age, demonstrating wide differences during adolescence and adulthood. The observations suggest that male brains are structured to facilitate connectivity between perception and coordinated action, whereas female brains are designed to facilitate communication between analytical and intuitive processing modes.

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Crossref · 10.1073/pnas.1316909110

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Metadata

Authors
Ingalhalikar, M., Smith, A., Parker, D., Satterthwaite, T. D., Elliott, M. A., Ruparel, K., Hakonarson, H., Gur, R. E., Gur, R. C., & Verma, R.
Affiliations
  • Section of Biomedical Image Analysis and
  • University of Pennsylvania (US)
  • Center for Magnetic Resonance and Optical Imaging, Department of Radiology, and
  • Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (US)
Venue
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Published
2013-12-02
Volume
111
Issue
2
Pages
823-828
ISSN
  • 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
  • 1091-6490
OpenAlex
W2009872283
Cited by
1,223
References
55
Citations by year
2026: 69 · 2025: 91 · 2024: 95 · 2023: 95 · 2022: 77 · 2021: 111 · 2020: 147 · 2019: 101 · 2018: 112 · 2017: 89 · 2016: 97 · 2015: 70 · 2014: 66 · 2013: 2
FWCI
60.80
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • Brain and Behavior Research Foundation (K23MH098130)
  • National Institute of Mental Health (RC2MH089983, MH079938, MH089983, K23MH098130, R01MH079938, MH089924, RC2MH089924, MH092862, R01MH092862)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Statistical and Nonlinear Physics › Complex Network Analysis Techniques
Keywords
sex differences, structural connectome, brain connectivity, brain development, diffusion tensor imaging, cerebellar connections, interhemispheric connectivity, network modularity, transitivity, adolescents, youth
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Brain, Child, Female, Humans, Male, Sex Characteristics, Linear Models, Young Adult, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Connectome

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