The DOI matches its Crossref record; 2 of the 2 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Conflict translates environmental and social risk into business costs
Open accessAbstract
Significance: In this report we investigate company–community conflict and its role in the regulation of sustainability performance in the extractive industries. We estimate the cost of conflict to companies and identify conflict as an important means through which environmental and social risks are translated into business costs and decision-making. The paper clarifies the relationship between the environmental and social risk experienced—and interpreted—by local communities, and the business risks experienced—and interpreted—by corporations. Findings reveal that, at least for the case of the extractive industries, these two types of risk can co-constitute each other. The central importance of corporate strategy and behavior for sustainability science is highlighted.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The emergence of land change science for global environmental change and sustainability
Turner, B. L., Lambin, E. F., & Reenberg, A. (2007) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0704119104 · Cited by 2,216
Environmental changes and violent conflict
Bernauer, T., Böhmelt, T., & Koubi, V. (2012) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/7/1/015601 · Cited by 245
Cited by
Mineral supply for sustainable development requires resource governance
Ali, S. H., Giurco, D., Arndt, N., Nickless, E., Brown, G., Demetriades, A., Durrheim, R., Enriquez, M. A., Kinnaird, J., Littleboy, A., et al. (2017) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature21359 · Cited by 803
Self-citationResistance to mining: a review
Conde, M. (2017) · Ecological Economics · doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2016.08.025 · Cited by 331
Re-Thinking Mining Waste through an Integrative Approach Led by Circular Economy Aspirations
Tayebi-Khorami, M., Edraki, M., Corder, G., & Golev, A. (2019) · Minerals · doi:10.3390/min9050286 · Cited by 322
Temper, L., Avila, S., Bene, D. D., Gobby, J., Kosoy, N., Billon, P. L., Martinez-Alier, J., Perkins, P., Roy, B., Scheidel, A., et al. (2020) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/abc197 · Cited by 320
Frequently asked questions about the social licence to operate
Boutilier, R. G. (2014) · Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal · doi:10.1080/14615517.2014.941141 · Cited by 183
Metadata
- Authors
- Franks, D. M., Davis, R., Bebbington, A. J., Ali, S. H., Kemp, D., & Scurrah, M.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2014-05-12
- Volume
- 111
- Issue
- 21
- Pages
- 7576-7581
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- OpenAlex
- W2166778064
- Cited by
- 506
- References
- 2
- FWCI
- 56.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Conflict translates environmental and social risk into business costs. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1073/pnas.1405135111
- The paper
- Franks, D. M., Davis, R., Bebbington, A. J., Ali, S. H., Kemp, D., & Scurrah, M. (2014). Conflict translates environmental and social risk into business costs. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1405135111
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.