Cited by 925Forest, Soil, and Plant Ecology in ChinaEnvironmental Changes in ChinaLand Use and Ecosystem Services

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 28 of the 28 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Effects of national ecological restoration projects on carbon sequestration in China from 2001 to 2010

Open access

Lu, Fei, Hu, Huifeng, Sun, Wenjuan, Zhu, Jiaojun, Liu, Guobin, Zhou, Wangming, Zhang, Quanfa, Shi, Peili, Liu, Xiuping, Wu, Xing, Zhang, Lu, Wei, Xiaohua, Dai, Limin, Zhang, Kerong, Sun, Yirong, Xue, Sha, Zhang, Wanjun, Xiong, Dingpeng, Deng, Lei, Liu, Bojie, Zhou, Li, Zhang, Chao, Zheng, Xiao, Cao, Jiansheng, Huang, Yao, He, Nianpeng, Zhou, Guoyi, Bai, Yongfei, Xie, Zongqiang, Tang, Zhiyao, Wu, Bingfang, Fang, Jingyun, Liu, Guohua, Yu, Guirui·2018·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

DOI 10.1073/pnas.1700294115PMC PMC5910802

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Significance China has launched six key ecological restoration projects since the late 1970s, but the contribution of these projects to terrestrial C sequestration remains unknown. In this study we examined the ecosystem C sink in the project area (∼16% of the country’s land area) and evaluated the project-induced C sequestration. The total annual C sink in the project area between 2001 and 2010 was estimated to be 132 Tg C per y, over half of which (74 Tg C per y, 56%) was caused by the implementation of the six projects. This finding indicates that the implementation of the ecological restoration projects in China has significantly increased ecosystem C sequestration across the country.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1073/pnas.1700294115

Cites

28 of 28 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

A large and persistent carbon sink in the world’s forests
Pan, Y., Birdsey, R. A., Fang, J., Houghton, R., Kauppi, P. E., Kurz, W. A., Phillips, O. L., Shvidenko, A., Lewis, S. L., Canadell, J. G., et al. (2011) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1201609 · Cited by 8,458
Self-citation
Forests and Climate Change: Forcings, Feedbacks, and the Climate Benefits of Forests
Bonan, G. B. (2008) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1155121 · Cited by 6,572
Improvements in ecosystem services from investments in natural capital
Ouyang, Z., Zheng, H., Xiao, Y., Polasky, S., Liu, J., Xu, W., Wang, Q., Zhang, L., Xiao, Y., Rao, E., et al. (2016) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aaf2295 · Cited by 1,762
The carbon balance of terrestrial ecosystems in China
Piao, S. L., Fang, J., Ciais, P., Peylin, P., Huang, Y., Sitch, S. A., & Wang, T. (2009) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature07944 · Cited by 1,750
Changes in Forest Biomass Carbon Storage in China Between 1949 and 1998
Fang, J., Chen, A., Peng, C. H., Zhao, S., & Ci, L. (2001) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1058629 · Cited by 1,584
Reduced sediment transport in the Yellow River due to anthropogenic changes
Wang, S., Fu, B., Piao, S. L., Lü, Y., Ciais, P., Feng, X., & Wang, Y. (2015) · Nature Geoscience · doi:10.1038/ngeo2602 · Cited by 1,460
Ecological and socioeconomic effects of China's policies for ecosystem services
Liu, J., Li, S., Ouyang, Z., Tam, C., & Chen, X. (2008) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0706436105 · Cited by 1,419
Carbon pools in China’s terrestrial ecosystems: New estimates based on an intensive field survey
Tang, X., Zhao, X., Bai, Y., Tang, Z., Wang, W., Zhao, Y., Wan, H., Xie, Z., Shi, X., Wu, B., et al. (2018) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1700291115 · Cited by 958
Land‐use conversion and changing soil carbon stocks in C hina's ‘Grain‐for‐Green’ Program: a synthesis
Deng, L., Liu, G., & Shangguan, Z. (2013) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/gcb.12508 · Cited by 812
Strengthening protected areas for biodiversity and ecosystem services in China
Xu, W., Xiao, Y., Zhang, J., Yang, W., Zhang, L., Hull, V., Wang, Z., Zheng, H., Liu, J., Polasky, S., et al. (2017) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1620503114 · Cited by 773

Show all 28 references

Research works printed but not linked: 2

B Liu, , Greenhouse gas emissions, carbon leakage and net carbon sequestration from afforestation. Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 28, 673–688 (2017).
; National Bureau of Statistics of the People’s Republic of China China Statistical Yearbook 2011 (China Statistics Press Beijing). Chinese. (2011).

Sorted by citations

Items 501–600 of 925

An Interannual Comparative Study on Ecosystem Carbon Exchange Characteristics in the Dinghushan Biosphere Reserve, a Dominant Subtropical Evergreen Forest Ecosystem
Njoroge, B., Li, Y., Wei, S., Meng, Z., Liu, S., Zhang, Q., Tang, X., Zhang, D., Liu, J., & Chu, G. (2021) · Frontiers in Plant Science · doi:10.3389/fpls.2021.715340 · Cited by 10
“Research in China has determined that forest systems on the whole function as a carbon sink with an annual net C sequestration rate of 84 to 154 Tg C/year (e.g., 1 Tg = 1012 g) (Lu et al., 2018).”
Background
Bicarbonate uptake experiment show potential karst carbon sinks transformation into carbon sequestration by terrestrial higher plants
Fang, L., & Wu, Y. (2022) · Journal of Plant Interactions · doi:10.1080/17429145.2022.2045369 · Cited by 10
“With the increase of plant coverage, both the net primary productivity (NPP) and net ecosystem productivity (NEP) of land has increased (Cao et al. 2003; Zhu et al. 2016; Lu et al. 2018).”
Background
Do Ecological Restoration Projects Improve Water-Related Ecosystem Services? Evidence from a Study in the Hengduan Mountain Region
Yin, L., Zhang, S., & Zhang, B. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19073860 · Cited by 10
“In recent years, with the increasingly prominent ecological and environmental problems in China, the Chinese government has carried out six national ecological restoration projects (ERPs) across the country, aiming to restore the damaged ecological environment [8].”
Background
Can Urbanization-Driven Land-Use and Land-Cover Change Reduce Ecosystem Services? A Case of Coupling Coordination Relationship for Contiguous Poverty Areas in China
Zhang, J., Lu, X., Qin, Y., Zhang, Y., & Yang, D. (2024) · Land · doi:10.3390/land13010082 · Cited by 9
Linking the assessment of ecological engineering construction with zoning management in the typical agro-pastoral area of China: A perspective from quantity, quality and function
Ji, Z., Xu, Y., Sun, M., Zhang, P., Qi, Y., Sun, D., Koomen, E., Lun, F., & Liu, T. (2024) · Journal of Environmental Management · doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121635 · Cited by 9
Differentiated growth of the most widely planted conifer in response to extreme droughts across semi-arid regions in Northern China
Li, J., Xie, Y., Wulan, T., Gong, J., Liu, H., Camarero, J. J., Shi, L., Yan, L., Xu, C., Jin, T., et al. (2024) · Agricultural and Forest Meteorology · doi:10.1016/j.agrformet.2024.110248 · Cited by 9
Advancing Knowledge in Forest Water Use Efficiency Under Global Climate Change Through Scientometric Analysis
Farooqi, T. J. A., Irfan, M., Zhou, X., Pan, S., Atta, A., & Li, J. (2024) · Forests · doi:10.3390/f15111893 · Cited by 9
Forest Carbon Sequestration Functions and Mitigation Strategies for Global Climate Change
Xu, K., Zou, G., & Hu, H. (2025) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.1009089 · Cited by 12
Nutrient limitations drive microbial carbon use efficiency and soil carbon sequestration in grassland restoration
Sheng, M., Ibrar, M., Lei, Y., Shen, J., Deng, X., Xue, J., Liu, L., & Sun, G. (2025) · Plant and Soil · doi:10.1007/s11104-025-07752-5 · Cited by 9
Comprehensive consolidation and ecological restoration projects drive the variation of ecosystem services and their terrain gradient effect in Jiangxi Province, China
Chen, Y., Hu, B., Tang, J., & Wang, Y. (2025) · Ecological Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107728 · Cited by 9
Higher Drought Sensitivity of Autumn Photosynthetic Phenology in Planted Forests Than in Natural Forests of Tropical and Subtropical China
Xu, Y., Gong, Y., Chen, S., Tang, R., Hu, Z., & Fu, Y. H. (2025) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/gcb.70434 · Cited by 9
“Although planted forests have contributed substantially to ecosystem services in past decades (Lu et al. 2018), their continued expansion as a strategy to mitigate future climate change (Bala et al. 2007) and carbon sequestration remains questionable (Gao et al. 2011).”
Integrating ecosystem services and ecological sensitivity to assess ecological restoration potential and determine thresholds in the Wujiang River Basin, southwest China
Lin, J., Liu, S., Wang, W. “., Tian, Z., Li, Y., & Wu, G. (2025) · Ecological Indicators · doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.114233 · Cited by 9
Indirect Urbanization Impacts Shape Vegetation Growth and Carbon Sink Dynamics: Synergies and Trade-Offs across China
Wu, B., Zhang, Y., Wang, Y., He, Y., & Dong, Z. (2026) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.5c11267 · Cited by 9
Site‐specific modulators control how geophysical and socio‐technical drivers shape land use and land cover
Odgaard, M. V., Dalgaard, T., Bøcher, P. K., & Svenning, J. (2018) · Geo Geography and Environment · doi:10.1002/geo2.60 · Cited by 9
“Still, other findings indicate positive 10 of 15 | ODGAARD ET AL. effects of Chinese restoration projects on, for example, carbon sequestration (Lu et al., 2018) and forest recovery (Viña et al., 2016).”
Result
The Carbon Neutral Potential of Forests in the Yangtze River Economic Belt of China
Tian, H., Zhu, J., Jian, Z., Ou, Q., He, X., Chen, X., Li, C., Li, Q., Liu, H., Huang, G., et al. (2022) · Forests · doi:10.3390/f13050721 · Cited by 9
Multi-Dimensional Evaluation of Ecosystem Health in China’s Loess Plateau Based on Function-Oriented Metrics and BFAST Algorithm
Li, X., Liu, X., Hou, B., Tian, L., Yang, Q., Zhu, L., & Meng, Y. (2023) · Remote Sensing · doi:10.3390/rs15020383 · Cited by 9
Cropland abandonment alleviates soil carbon emissions in the North China Plain
Lei, L., Li, Y., Zhou, Z., Li, N., Zhao, C., & Li, Q. (2023) · Environmental Monitoring and Assessment · doi:10.1007/s10661-023-11324-4 · Cited by 9
“To mitigate the increase of atmospheric CO2 concentration, many ecological restoration projects have been established in China (Lu et al., 2018).”
Background
Attributing the impacts of ecological engineering and climate change on carbon uptake in Northeastern China
Li, H., Gao, W., Liu, Y., Yuan, F., Wu, M., & Meng, L. (2023) · Landscape Ecology · doi:10.1007/s10980-023-01679-x · Cited by 9
“In the first decade of twenty-first century, the amount of carbon sink of these programs reached 97.7 PgC, accounting for ~ 30% of the total carbon sequestration of terrestrial ecosystems in Northeastern China (Lu et al. 2018), and this is likely to continue in the future (Yuan et al. 2021).”
Influential
Effects of soil conservation on the spatial heterogeneity of vegetation carbon sequestration in the Yellow River Basin, China
Cen, Y., Gao, Z., Sun, G., Lou, Y., Zhang, S., Li, Y., & Wu, T. (2023) · Land Degradation and Development · doi:10.1002/ldr.4796 · Cited by 9
Spatiotemporal Characteristic Prediction and Driving Factor Analysis of Vegetation Net Primary Productivity in Central China Covering the Period of 2001–2019
Hao, X., Wang, X., Ma, J., Chen, Y., & Luo, S. (2023) · Land · doi:10.3390/land12122121 · Cited by 9
Evaluate the differences in carbon sink contribution of different ecological engineering projects
Zeng, J., Zhou, T., Tan, E., Xu, Y., Lin, Q., Zhang, Y., Wu, X., Zhang, J., Liu, X., & Zhang, Q. (2024) · Carbon Research · doi:10.1007/s44246-024-00105-4 · Cited by 9
“Studies have shown that ecological engineering led to a significant increase in vegetation productivity (Lu et al. 2018), and effectively alleviated the trend of carbon sink reduction in China from 1981 to 2019, which was consistent with our research results (Xu et al. 2023).”
Influential
A meta‐analysis reveals increases in soil organic carbon following the restoration and recovery of croplands in Southwest China
Guo, Z., Zhang, S., Zhang, L., Xiang, Y., & Wu, J. (2024) · Ecological Applications · doi:10.1002/eap.2944 · Cited by 9
Spatiotemporal Patterns of Ecosystem Restoration Activities and Their Effects on Changes in Terrestrial Gross Primary Production in Southwest China
Ding, Z. J., Zheng, H., Liu, Y., Zeng, S., Yu, P., Shi, W., & Tang, X. (2021) · Remote Sensing · doi:10.3390/rs13061209 · Cited by 9
Effects of land cover and phenology changes on the gross primary productivity in an Artemisia ordosica shrubland
Yuan, Y., Yan-Mei, M. U., Yu-Jie, D. E. N. G., Li, X., JIANG, X.-Y., Sheng-Jie, G. A. O., Tian- Shan, Z. H. A., & Jia, X. (2022) · Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology · doi:10.17521/cjpe.2020.0387 · Cited by 9
Carbon dioxide emissions reduction efficiency and growth potential: case of China
Стеблянская, А. Н., Ai, M., Denisov, A. R., Efimova, O., & Rybachuk, M. (2022) · PSU Research Review · doi:10.1108/prr-12-2021-0066 · Cited by 9
Using 137Cs and 210Pbex to Investigate the Soil Erosion Moduli of the Sandy Area of Typical Grasslands in Northern China
Guo, X., Hu, Y., Zhang, Y., & Zhen, L. (2022) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su141912137 · Cited by 9
Characteristics of carbon sources and sinks and their relationships with climate factors during the desertification reversal process in Yulin, China
Feng, X., Fan, Q., Qu, J., Ding, X., & Niu, Z. (2023) · Frontiers in Forests and Global Change · doi:10.3389/ffgc.2023.1288449 · Cited by 9
Identifying the Full Carbon Sink of Forest Vegetation: A Case Study in the Three Northeast Provinces of China
Wang, B., Niu, X., & Xu, T. (2023) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su151310396 · Cited by 8
Monitoring Net Primary Productivity of Vegetation and Analyzing Its Drivers in Support of SDG Indicator 15.3.1: A Case Study of Northeast China
Qiu, Y., Zhao, X., Fan, D., Zheng, Z., Zhang, Y., & Zhang, J. (2024) · Remote Sensing · doi:10.3390/rs16132455 · Cited by 8
Predicting Land-Use Change Trends and Habitat Quality in the Tarim River Basin: A Perspective with Climate Change Scenarios and Multiple Scales
Aishan, T., Song, J., Halik, Ü., Betz, F., & Yusup, A. (2024) · Land · doi:10.3390/land13081146 · Cited by 8
Estimation of Spatial–Temporal Dynamic Evolution of Potential Afforestation Land and Its Carbon Sequestration Capacity in China
Zhang, Z., Wang, Z., Zhang, X., & Yang, S. (2024) · Remote Sensing · doi:10.3390/rs16163098 · Cited by 8
“In China’s blueprint for climate change mitigation, the expansion of forested regions and the optimization of their carbon sequestration potential are key strategies outlining ambitious goals for forest coverage [11–14].”
Mapping ecological resource use and supply-consumption difference in China from 2000 to 2020
Lyu, F., Wu, J., Yu, Z., Di, H. J., & Pan, Y. J. (2024) · Resources Conservation and Recycling · doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2024.107879 · Cited by 9
Quantitative Evaluation of the Applicability of Classical Forest Ecosystem Carbon Cycle Models in China: A Case Study of the Biome-BGC Model
Fang, M., Liu, W., Zhang, J., Ma, J., Liang, Z., & Yu, Q. (2024) · Forests · doi:10.3390/f15091609 · Cited by 8
“Accurately estimating the productivity of forest and grassland ecosystems has been a central focus in both forestry and ecological research [4].”
Spatial pattern of forest aboveground biomass and its environmental influencing factors in Qinling-Daba Mountains, central China
Yao, Y. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-72351-w · Cited by 8
“Overall, the mean AGB of forest was 133.34 t/hm 2 , which was higher than that of the subtropical region of China (129.0 t/hm 2 ) and that of the national forest (65.3 t/hm 2 ) 50 .”
BackgroundInfluential
Crop-raiding by wildlife and cropland abandonment as feedback from nature-based solutions: lessons from case studies in China and Nepal
Zhang, Q., Hu, J., Graybill, S., Moody, A., Bista, R., Bilsborrow, R. E., & Conghe Song, A. (2024) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ad8c69 · Cited by 8
“This major finding is consistent with datasets compiled from two representative study areas in China and Nepal, both having been practicing forest policies with favorable outcomes (Lu et al 2018, Oldekop et al 2019).”
The effects of human activities on windbreak and sand fixation services in Inner Mongolia grasslands from 2000 to 2020
Yan, H., Xie, G., Yan, F., Niu, Z., Xue, Z., & Wang, B. (2024) · Journal of Geographical Sciences · doi:10.1007/s11442-024-2298-8 · Cited by 8
“…in Inner Mongolia since 2000, including the Beijing-Tianjin Sand Source Control Project (BTP), Returning Grazing Land to Grassland (RGG), Forage-Livestock Balance Management (F-L Balance), and Grassland Ecological Protection Subsidy & Reward Program (GEPS&R) (Lu et al ., 2018; Yan et al ., 2021).”
Earthquakes Have Accelerated the Carbon Dioxide Emission Rate of Soils on the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau
Shi, P., Hu, X., Yang, H., Jiang, L., Ma, Y., Tang, H., Zhou, Q., Liu, F., & Liu, L. (2025) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/gcb.70024 · Cited by 8
Assessing Assisted Natural Regeneration as a Cost‐Efficient Mitigation for Climate Change and Biodiversity Loss in China
Qiu, M., Liu, D., Zhao, Y., Tong, Z., He, J., Fortin, M., & Huang, J. (2025) · Earth s Future · doi:10.1029/2024ef005257 · Cited by 8
“These areas mainly benefit from annual precipitation of over 800 mm which is sufficient to support biomass accumulation (Poorter et al., 2016), and from vast and continuous forests that can serve as seed sources for native vegetation (Lu et al., 2018).”
Distinguishing dominant drivers on long-term vegetation dynamics across China considering time-lag and accumulation effects using machine learning techniques
Wang, Q., Huang, L., Yang, M., Wang, L., & Cao, W. (2025) · Journal of Environmental Management · doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.126477 · Cited by 8
Scale-dependent drivers of ecosystem service supply-flow-demand couplings in the Shanxi Yellow River Basin, China
Wu, S., Li, R., Yan, Y., Du, Z., Wu, Z., & Ma, K. (2025) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2025.114002 · Cited by 8
“For CS, based on previous studies, 48,49 the carbon density data were corrected using the following formula.”
Contrasting drought vulnerability of natural and planted forests in drylands
Dong, X., Cui, Y., Zhou, J., Li, X., Wang, G. G., Chen, N., & Zhao, C. (2025) · Forest Ecology and Management · doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2025.123311 · Cited by 8
Terrestrial carbon sequestration under future climate, nutrient and land use change and management scenarios: a national-scale UK case study
Yumashev, D., Janes‐Bassett, V., Redhead, J. W., Rowe, E. C., & Davies, J. A. C. (2022) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/aca037 · Cited by 9
Future of Carbon Storage in the Yangtze River Basin, China under Alternative Climate and Land-Use Pathways
Zhang, Q., Zhang, G., Zhang, X., Liu, D., Fang, R., Dong, N., Wu, H., & Li, S. (2023) · Ecosystem Health and Sustainability · doi:10.34133/ehs.0085 · Cited by 8
Climate change and vegetation carbon inputs under land use/cover change enhanced soil respiration in northern China
Cen, Y., Sun, G., Li, H., Qu, J., Ke, M., Wang, X., Chen, Q., & Gao, Z. (2025) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2025.145156 · Cited by 8
Methodology for accounting the net mitigation of China's ecological restoration projects (CANM-EP)
Liu, B., Zhang, L., Lu, F., Deng, L., Zhao, H., Luo, Y., Liu, X., Zhang, K., Wang, X., Liu, W., et al. (2019) · MethodsX · doi:10.1016/j.mex.2019.07.015 · Cited by 8
Carbon Sink under Different Carbon Density Levels of Forest and Shrub, a Case in Dongting Lake Basin, China
Kong, L., Lu, F., Rao, E., & Ouyang, Z. (2022) · Remote Sensing · doi:10.3390/rs14112672 · Cited by 8
Greater Greening Trend in the Loess Plateau of China Inferred from Long-Term Remote Sensing Data: Patterns, Causes and Implications
Guo, W. F., He, H., Li, X., & Zeng, W. (2022) · Forests · doi:10.3390/f13101630 · Cited by 8
Socioeconomic outcomes of ecological restoration projects and parallel policies: A case‐study of the agro‐pastoral ecotone in northern China
Dang, D., Li, X., Li, S., Li, X., Lyu, X., Dou, H., Li, M., Liu, S., & Wang, K. (2022) · Land Degradation and Development · doi:10.1002/ldr.4493 · Cited by 8
Diagnosis and Prioritization of Vulnerable Areas of Urban Ecosystem Regulation Services
Lee, D., Oh, K., & Suh, J. (2022) · Land · doi:10.3390/land11101804 · Cited by 8
How large is the mitigation potential of natural climate solutions in China?
Wang, D., Li, Y., Xia, J., Liu, C., Chen, H., Teng, F., He, B., Shi, W., Qin, Z., & Yuan, W. (2022) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/acaa47 · Cited by 8
An individual tree-based model for estimating regional and temporal carbon storage of Abies chensiensis forest ecosystem in the Qinling Mountains, China
Wanlong, S., Yowhan, S., He, B., & Xuehua, L. (2023) · Ecological Modelling · doi:10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2023.110305 · Cited by 8
Disentangling the Key Drivers of Ecosystem Water-Use Efficiency in China’s Subtropical Forests Using an Improved Remote-Sensing-Driven Analytical Model
Chen, T., Tang, G., Yuan, Y., Xu, Z., & Jiang, N. (2023) · Remote Sensing · doi:10.3390/rs15092441 · Cited by 8
Spatial Pattern of Forest Carbon Storage in the Vertical and Horizontal Directions Based on HJ-CCD Remote Sensing Imagery
Luo, K. (2019) · Remote Sensing · doi:10.3390/rs11070788 · Cited by 8
Correction for Tang et al., Patterns of plant carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus concentration in relation to productivity in China’s terrestrial ecosystems
(2018) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1808126115 · Cited by 8
Community Characteristics of Soil Ectomycorrhizal Fungi under Different Forests in the Sandy Areas of Northeastern China
Liu, J., Ding, C., Zhang, W., Wei, Y., Zhou, Y., & Zhu, W. (2023) · Journal of soil science and plant nutrition · doi:10.1007/s42729-023-01178-7 · Cited by 7
Comparison of nonlinear trends and influencing factors of carbon sinks in four ecological restoration projects in China
Xiao-juan, X., Liu, J., Qiu, J., Zhang, K., Jiao, F., Lin, D., Yang, Y., Lin, N., & Zou, C. (2024) · Land Degradation and Development · doi:10.1002/ldr.5117 · Cited by 7
“To reduce soil erosion, prevent landslides and sediment, improve the ecological environment, and ensure the production and living safety of the people, the middle reaches of the Yellow River Shelterbelt program was launched in 1998 (Lu et al., 2018).”
BackgroundInfluential
How to Achieve the Ecological Sustainability Goal of Ecologically Fragile Areas on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau: A Multi-Scenario Simulation of Lanzhou-Xining Urban Agglomerations
Gong, Z., Liu, W., Guo, J., Yi, S., Gao, Y., Bu, W., Ren, J. X., & Li, C.-Y. (2024) · Land · doi:10.3390/land13111730 · Cited by 7
“These ecological measures achieved significant results [4].”
Assessing carbon storage dynamics in an ecological civilization demonstration zone amid rapid urbanization: A multi-scenario study of Guizhou Province, China
Chen, R., Fei, X., Zhu, J., Chen, W., Du, H., Huang, Y., Shen, Y., Zhang, Y., Niu, A., & Xu, P. (2025) · Resources Environment and Sustainability · doi:10.1016/j.resenv.2025.100223 · Cited by 7
Effects of Ecosystem Recovery Types on Soil Phosphorus Bioavailability, Roles of Plant and Microbial Diversity: A Meta‐Analysis
Hua, J., Wang, W., Huo, J., Wu, L., Huang, L., & Zhong, H. (2025) · Ecology and Evolution · doi:10.1002/ece3.71172 · Cited by 7
“While previous research has extensively examined carbon and nitrogen cycling (Morrien et al. 2017; Lu et al. 2018), phosphorus (P) dynamics remain less understood despite their critical role in plant growth and ecosystem productivity (Raven et al. 2018).”
Carbon Sink of Terrestrial Ecosystems in China During 2010–2020: Spatiotemporal Variability and Climate Impact
Xie, N., Wang, T., Xie, M., Ma, D., Zhang, Q., Li, M., Li, S., Zhuang, B., Kalsoom, U., Kilifarska, N. A., et al. (2025) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2025jd043405 · Cited by 8
“Several research studies indicated that vegetation restoration and sustainable land management practices could significantly enhance carbon uptake (Lu et al., 2018; W. Xu et al., 2017).”
Spatiotemporal patterns of artificial forest expansion and their driving mechanisms for carbon sink enhancement in China (2005–2019)
Li, S., Wei, X.-P., Meng, Y., Yang, Y., Zheng, Z.-Y., Zhou, J., Yuan, W.-B., & Ni, H. (2025) · Land Use Policy · doi:10.1016/j.landusepol.2025.107857 · Cited by 8
Effects of ecological restoration on soil organic carbon in degraded sloping cropland: An 8-year resampling study
Wang, M., Lin, H., & Duan, X. (2025) · Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment · doi:10.1016/j.agee.2025.110096 · Cited by 7
A Win-win Situation between Sports and Natural Environment Protection Based on the Theory of Cooperation and Competition
(2021) · Nature Environmental Protection · doi:10.38007/nep.2021.020306 · Cited by 7
Microbial function regulates the effect of vegetation restoration on the contribution of biocrusts to soil respiration in drylands
Guan, C., Chen, N., Qiao, L., & Zhao, C. (2023) · Functional Ecology · doi:10.1111/1365-2435.14339 · Cited by 7
Considering the Joint Impact of Carbon Density Change and Land Use Change Is Crucial to Improving Ecosystem Carbon Stock Assessment in North China
Qi, J., Wang, Z., Cressey, E. L., Liang, B., & Wang, J. (2023) · Forests · doi:10.3390/f15010055 · Cited by 7
“It had an important impact on various ecosystems in various sub-regions, especially the forest ecosystems in IME and BTH sub-regions and the grassland ecosystems in Shaanxi sub-region.”
Background
Capturing woody aboveground biomass historical change and potential under climate change using Landsat time-series for afforestation in dryland of China
Wang, Z., Shi, Y., Tang, Q., Cheng, M., & Zhang, Y. (2024) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173886 · Cited by 7
Capacity of Forests and Grasslands to Achieve Carbon Neutrality in China
Zhang, Y., Zhao, Y., Chen, Q., Zhu, Y., Liu, B., Zhang, X., & Yin, X. (2024) · Forests · doi:10.3390/f15061060 · Cited by 7
“Since the late 1970s, China has launched nationwide vegetation restoration practices [20], resulting in a significant increase in the carbon pool of China’s forest and grass-lands and a substantial reduction in severe erosion.”
Background
Collaborative restoration between vegetation and soil attributes in degraded grassland of different grassland types
Su, J., Xu, F., Wang, Y., Zhao, Y., & Bai, Y. (2024) · Chinese Science Bulletin (Chinese Version) · doi:10.1360/tb-2024-0442 · Cited by 7
Simulating the Spatial Mismatch between Ecosystem Services’ (ESs’) Supply and Demand Based on Their Spatial Transfer in Urban Agglomeration Area, China
Liu, M., Fan, J., Li, Y., & Sun, L. (2022) · Land · doi:10.3390/land11081192 · Cited by 7
Multifaceted characteristics of aridity changes and causal mechanisms in Chinese drylands
Hu, Y., Wei, F., Fu, B., Wang, S., Wang, L., & Chen, Y. (2022) · Progress in Physical Geography Earth and Environment · doi:10.1177/03091333221129867 · Cited by 8
“Especially in Shanxi and the Shaanxi Loess Plateau areas, and Inner Mongolia (Figure 4(d)), the Three-North Shelter Forest Program, Returning Grazing Land to Grassland Project (Grassland Conservation), and Natural Forest Protection Project (Forest Protection) (Lu et al., 2018) have been implemented to bring eco-social…”
Background
Demographic changes in China's forests from 1998 to 2018
Dong, Y., Agathokleous, E., Liu, S., & Yu, Z. (2023) · Forest Ecosystems · doi:10.1016/j.fecs.2023.100094 · Cited by 8
Effect of ecological restoration on topsoil phosphorus following afforestation on abandoned ponds in northern Chaohu Lake, China
Li, G., Dong, S., Wang, H., Guan, Y., Deja, P. T., & Nie, W. (2023) · Nature Conservation · doi:10.3897/natureconservation.53.97873 · Cited by 7
Understanding the mediating role of labor out-migration in household income generation and distribution under a reforestation policy in rural China.
Zhang, Q., Bista, R., Bilsborrow, R., Zhang, Z., Huang, Q.-F., & Song, C.-H. (2023) · Journal of Environmental Management · doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118539 · Cited by 7
Preservation of Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) through Ecosystems’ Soil Retention Services in China
Rao, E., Xiao, Y., Lu, F., Yang, H., & Ouyang, Z. (2023) · Land · doi:10.3390/land12091718 · Cited by 7
Carbon Storages and Densities of Different Ecosystems in Changzhou City, China: Subtropical Forests, Urban Green Spaces, and Wetlands
Deng, W., Liu, X., Hu, H., Liu, Z., Ge, Z., Xia, C., Wang, P., Li, L., Zhu, Z., Sun, Y., et al. (2024) · Forests · doi:10.3390/f15020303 · Cited by 7
Is the Change of Soil Carbon Capacity Persistence Rising or Remain Stable With Maturity of Vegetation Restoration?
Liu, Q., Wang, P., Xue, Z., Zhou, Z., Liu, J., & An, S. (2021) · Frontiers in Soil Science · doi:10.3389/fsoil.2021.663910 · Cited by 7
Impact of the Beijing-Tianjin sandstorm source control project on ecosystem services and an evaluation of economic benefits
Huang, X., Cheng, H., Jiang, N., Li, J., He, W., Mo, X., Wang, X., & Luo, J. (2022) · Chinese Science Bulletin (Chinese Version) · doi:10.1360/tb-2022-0295 · Cited by 7
Afforestation boosted gross primary productivity of China: evidence from remote sensing
Yan, W., Wang, H., Jiang, C., Sun, O. J., Chu, J., & Zhang, A. (2025) · Journal of Forestry Research · doi:10.1007/s11676-025-01828-9 · Cited by 6
“Forestation projects of China have increased carbon sequestration by 0.074 Pg a −1 during the period from 2000 to 2010, accounting for 56% of the total carbon sequestration in the project implementation region (Lu et al. 2018).”
Influential
Exploring the Spatiotemporal Driving Forces of Vegetation Cover Variations on the Loess Plateau: A Comprehensive Assessment of Climate Change and Human Activity
Xin, J., Liu, H., Zhang, X., Liang, L., Liu, D., & Zheng, X. (2025) · Land · doi:10.3390/land14050929 · Cited by 6
“In this study, XGBoost-SHAP, Geodetector, and residual analysis methods were utilized to systematically investigate the spatiotemporal variation characteristics and driving mechanisms of vegetation coverage on the CLP from 2000 to 2021, quantifying the impacts of CC and HA on vegetation coverage.”
Artificial Reseeding Promotes Biodiversity Restoration in Alpine Sandy Meadow of the Eastern Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau
Yang, W., Zhao, J., Tian, L., & Wu, G. (2025) · Land Degradation and Development · doi:10.1002/ldr.5632 · Cited by 6
“Previous studies have examined the impacts of various restoration measures on plants, microorganisms, and soil physicochemical properties in different degraded grasslands (Guo et al. 2021; Lu et al. 2018).”
Analysis of Influencing Factors of Terrestrial Carbon Sinks in China Based on LightGBM Model and Bayesian Optimization Algorithm
Zou, Y., & Wang, X. (2025) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su17114836 · Cited by 6
The Biomass Carbon Sequestration Potential in China's Drylands
Tan, Z., Wang, S., Wei, F., Li, C., Fu, F., & Wang, L. (2025) · Earth s Future · doi:10.1029/2025ef006022 · Cited by 6
Spatial heterogeneity of carrying capacity on the Tibetan Plateau: An ecosystem service approach
Wang, L., Polasky, S., Xiao, Y., Kong, L., Ying, L., Zheng, H., & Ouyang, Z. (2025) · Journal of Environmental Management · doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.126712 · Cited by 6
Threshold Effects and Synergistic Trade-Offs in Ecosystem Services: A Spatio-Temporal Study of Kashgar’s Arid Region
Yi, S., Wang, H., Wang, C., & Huang, X. (2025) · Agriculture · doi:10.3390/agriculture15161742 · Cited by 6
The effectiveness and drivers of ecological cropland conversion for sustainable land management in the agro-pastoral ecotone of northern China
Gao, R., Pan, Z., Huan-chun, L., Bi, P., Huang, Z., Zhang, F., Liu, X., Jing, Y., Men, J., Huang, N., et al. (2025) · Ecological Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107773 · Cited by 6
Carbon sequestration patterns in the Yellow River Basin of China are governed by the vegetation structural dynamics
Niu, Z., He, H., Zhang, M., Liu, T., Li, P., Zhou, T., Feng, L., & Lv, Y. (2025) · Journal of Environmental Management · doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.127835 · Cited by 6
Integrated land preparation and afforestation enhance soil erosion resistance in the hilly and gully region of the Loess Plateau, China
Geng, W., Hu, Z., Duan, C., Zhang, X., Wang, M., Wang, H., & Strauss, P. (2025) · CATENA · doi:10.1016/j.catena.2025.109707 · Cited by 6
The cost of ecological protection and restoration: Evidence from the impact of the Shan-shui project on land values
Zeng, S., & Gui, J. (2026) · Land Use Policy · doi:10.1016/j.landusepol.2026.107919 · Cited by 6
Carbon neutralization in photovoltaic power generation system and influencing factors
Xinmiao, W. A. N. G., Zhiyong, M. A., Wangxiao, Z. H. O. U., HUANG, Y., Chen, L., & Yang, L. (2022) · 资源科学 · doi:10.18402/resci.2022.08.15 · Cited by 6
Spatial variations and mechanisms for the stability of water use efficiency in China
Xu, X., Liu, J., Jiao, F., Zhang, K., Yang, Y., Qiu, J., Zhu, Y., Lin, N., & Zou, C. (2023) · Frontiers in Plant Science · doi:10.3389/fpls.2023.1254395 · Cited by 6
Ectomycorrhizal trees enhanced water-holding capacity in forest ecosystems in northeastern China
Jing, L., Yang, Y., Wang, W., & Wang, H. (2024) · European Journal of Forest Research · doi:10.1007/s10342-023-01653-x · Cited by 6
“…and improving ecosystem services, including green dam construction in five North African countries since 1970, the Three-North Shelter Forest Program, the Grain for Green Program, and the Natural Forest Protection Project in China over the past 50 years (Lu et al. 2018; Zhao et al. 2021a).”
Resilience changes of carbon stocks to quantify the long‐term effects of ecological engineering projects in subtropical forests of China based on satellite‐derived net ecosystem production time series and inventory data
Yang, Q., Huang, Z. X., Wu, L., Guo, B., Liu, M., Xue, X., Li, X., & Liu, X. (2024) · Land Degradation and Development · doi:10.1002/ldr.5063 · Cited by 7
“Moreover, the stable regulation of vegetation and soil water is critical for the maintenance of the carbon-water cycle in terrestrial ecosystems (Lu et al., 2018).”
Background
Impact of Land Use Change on Water-Related Ecosystem Services under Multiple Ecological Restoration Scenarios in the Ganjiang River Basin, China
Wang, Y., Zhang, Z., & Chen, X. (2024) · Forests · doi:10.3390/f15071225 · Cited by 6
Nonlinear spatiotemporal variability of gross primary production in China's terrestrial ecosystems under water energy constraints
Zhao, Y., Jiang, Q., & Wang, Z. (2025) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2025.120919 · Cited by 6
Lessons from a participatory forest restoration program on socio-ecological and environmental aspects in Nepal
Pandey, H. P., Maraseni, T., Apan, A., Pokhrel, S., & Zhang, H. (2025) · Trees Forests and People · doi:10.1016/j.tfp.2025.100854 · Cited by 6
Giant panda-focused conservation has limited value in maintaining biodiversity and carbon sequestration
Shen, G., Lan, T., Deng, S., Wang, Y., Xu, W., & Xie, Z. (2023) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163186 · Cited by 6
Enhancing “4 per 1000” initiative implementation through region-specific agricultural and forestry practices
Koutika, L., Henry, B. K., Schepp, C., OLALEYE, A. O., Amiraslani, F., Minasny, B., Ma, Y., Ladha, J. K., Cardinael, R., Bossio, D., et al. (2025) · Soil Advances · doi:10.1016/j.soilad.2025.100057 · Cited by 5
Turning Profit Into Sustainability: Evidence on Artificial Intelligence, Education, and Ecological Footprint
Balcı, N., Gürel, B., & Okur, M. R. (2025) · Sustainable Development · doi:10.1002/sd.70476 · Cited by 5
Compound Drivers of Rising Ozone Extremes in the North China Plain (2013–2023): Aerosol Decline, Hot Droughts, Afforestation‐Driven BVOCs, and Reduced Vegetation Uptake
Lin, M., Horowitz, L. W., Xie, Y., & Smedt, I. D. (2025) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2025jd044764 · Cited by 6
Reforestation in northern China during the Ming Dynasty to counteract environmental degradation
Huang, C., Huang, X., Zhang, J., Chen, Y., Deng, J., Farqan, M., Ren, X., 向, 丽., Wang, T., & Yang, H. (2025) · CATENA · doi:10.1016/j.catena.2025.109473 · Cited by 5

Authors: Lu, F., Hu, H., Sun, W., Zhu, J., Liu, G., Zhou, W., Zhang, Q., Shi, P., Liu, X., Wu, X., Zhang, L., Wei, X., Dai, L., Zhang, K., Sun, Y., Xue, S., Zhang, W., Xiong, D., Deng, L., Liu, B., Zhou, L., Zhang, C., Zheng, X., Cao, J., Huang, Y., He, N., Zhou, G., Bai, Y., Xie, Z., Tang, Z., Wu, B., Fang, J., Liu, G., & Yu, G.
Affiliations: Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus (CA)
State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau (CN)
Peking University (CN)
ORCID: Lu, Fei
Hu, Huifeng
Sun, Wenjuan
Zhu, Jiaojun
Liu, Guobin
Zhou, Wangming
Zhang, Quanfa
Shi, Peili
Liu, Xiuping
Wu, Xing
Zhang, Lu
Wei, Xiaohua
Zhang, Kerong
Sun, Yirong
Xue, Sha
Zhang, Wanjun
Deng, Lei
Zhou, Li
Zhang, Chao
Zheng, Xiao
Cao, Jiansheng
Huang, Yao
He, Nianpeng
Zhou, Guoyi
Bai, Yongfei
Xie, Zongqiang
Tang, Zhiyao
Wu, Bingfang
Liu, Guohua
Yu, Guirui
Venue: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Publisher: National Academy of Sciences
Published: 2018-04-16
Volume: 115
Issue: 16
Pages: 4039-4044
ISSN: 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
1091-6490
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1700294115
PMC: PMC5910802
OpenAlex: W2801549624
Cited by: 924
References: 28
Citations by year: 2026: 105 · 2025: 160 · 2024: 164 · 2023: 148 · 2022: 147 · 2021: 92 · 2020: 55 · 2019: 34 · 2018: 18
FWCI: 161.24
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.pnas.org/site/aboutpnas/licenses.xhtml (vor, 183 d)
Locations: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Institute of Botany, CAS Institutional Repository (submittedVersion)
Institute of Hydrobiology, CAS Institutional Repository (submittedVersion)
Funders: Strategic Priority Programme of Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA05060000, XDA05050700)
Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China (2016YFC0503403, 2017YFA0604702)
Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (NA)
Topics: Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Forestry › Forest, Soil, and Plant Ecology in China
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Environmental Changes in China
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Land Use and Ecosystem Services
Keywords: carbon sequestration, terrestrial carbon sink, ecosystem carbon storage, China, land use change, afforestation
MeSH terms: Carbon, China, Conservation of Natural Resources, Humans, Plants, Soil, Water Movements, Program Evaluation, Ecosystem, Biomass, Carbon Sequestration, Forests, Grassland

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Effects of national ecological restoration projects on carbon sequestration in China from 2001 to 2010

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks