The DOI matches its Crossref record; 65 of the 65 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Chemical carcinogenesis: too many rodent carcinogens.
Open accessAbstract
The administration of chemicals at the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) in standard animal cancer tests is postulated to increase cell division (mitogenesis), which in turn increases rates of mutagenesis and thus carcinogenesis. The animal data are consistent with this mechanism, because a high proportion--about half--of all chemicals tested (whether natural or synthetic) are indeed rodent carcinogens. We conclude that at the low doses of most human exposures, where cell killing does not occur, the hazards to humans of rodent carcinogens may be much lower than is commonly assumed.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Genetic Alterations during Colorectal-Tumor Development
Vogelstein, B., Fearon, E. R., Hamilton, S. R., Kern, S. E., Preisinger, A. C., Leppert, M., Smits, A. M. M., & Bos, J. L. (1988) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198809013190901 · Cited by 6,728
The Causes of Cancer: Quantitative Estimates of Avoidable Risks of Cancer in the United States Today
Peto, R. (1983) · The Use of Human Cells for the Evaluation of Risk from Physical and Chemical Agents · doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-1117-2_30 · Cited by 3,501
Expression of recessive alleles by chromosomal mechanisms in retinoblastoma
Cavenee, W. K., Dryja, T. P., Phillips, R. A., Benedict, W. F., Godbout, R., Gallie, B. L., Murphree, A. L., Strong, L. C., & White, R. L. (1983) · Nature · doi:10.1038/305779a0 · Cited by 1,920
Normal oxidative damage to mitochondrial and nuclear DNA is extensive.
Richter, C., Park, J. W., & Ames, B. N. (1988) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.85.17.6465 · Cited by 1,725
Self-citationAllelotype of Colorectal Carcinomas
Vogelstein, B., Fearon, E. R., Kern, S. E., Hamilton, S. R., Preisinger, A. C., Nakamura, Y., & White, R. (1989) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.2565047 · Cited by 1,304
Oxidative damage to DNA during aging: 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine in rat organ DNA and urine.
Fraga, C. G., Shigenaga, M. K., Park, J. W., Degan, P., & Ames, B. N. (1990) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.87.12.4533 · Cited by 1,106
Self-citationOncogenes, antioncogenes, and the molecular bases of multistep carcinogenesis.
Weinberg, R. A. (1989) · PubMed · Cited by 949
Inflammation and cancer: role of phagocyte-generated oxidants in carcinogenesis
Weitzman, S., & Gordon, L. (1990) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood.v76.4.655.655 · Cited by 764
Ashby, J., & Tennant, R. W. (1988) · Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology · doi:10.1016/0165-1218(88)90114-0 · Cited by 733
Urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine as a biological marker of in vivo oxidative DNA damage.
Shigenaga, M. K., Gimeno, C. J., & Ames, B. N. (1989) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.86.24.9697 · Cited by 732
Self-citation
Cited by
p53 Mutations in Human Cancers
Hollstein, M., Sidransky, D., Vogelstein, B., & Harris, C. C. (1991) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1905840 · Cited by 8,018
Oxidants, antioxidants, and the degenerative diseases of aging.
Ames, B. N., Shigenaga, M. K., & Hagen, T. M. (1993) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.90.17.7915 · Cited by 5,958
Self-citationHarman, D. (1992) · Mutation Research/DNAging · doi:10.1016/0921-8734(92)90030-s · Cited by 902
Too Many Rodent Carcinogens: Mitogenesis Increases Mutagenesis
Ames, B. N., & Gold, L. S. (1990) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.2136249 · Cited by 770
Self-citationCollins, A. R., Ai-guo, M., & Duthie, S. J. (1995) · Mutation Research/DNA Repair · doi:10.1016/0921-8777(94)00043-6 · Cited by 696
Metadata
- Authors
- Ames, B. N., & Gold, L. S.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 1990-10
- Volume
- 87
- Issue
- 19
- Pages
- 7772-7776
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- OpenAlex
- W2094536764
- Cited by
- 489
- References
- 65
- FWCI
- 25.98
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Chemical carcinogenesis: too many rodent carcinogens. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1073/pnas.87.19.7772
- The paper
- Ames, B. N., & Gold, L. S. (1990). Chemical carcinogenesis: too many rodent carcinogens. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.87.19.7772
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.