The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Expression of growth/differentiation factor 1 in the nervous system: conservation of a bicistronic structure.
Open accessAbstract
Growth/differentiation factor 1 (GDF-1) is a recently described member of the transforming growth factor beta superfamily isolated from a day-8.5 mouse embryo cDNA library. Northern (RNA) analysis of embryonic mRNA detected two GDF-1 transcripts [1.4 kilobases (kb) and 3.0 kb in length] displaying distinct temporal patterns of expression. Only the 3.0-kb transcript was detected in adult tissues, where its expression was restricted almost exclusively to the central nervous system. Comparison of murine and human brain cDNA sequences corresponding to the 3.0-kb transcript revealed high conservation of two nonoverlapping open reading frames with poor conservation of the intervening spacer region and the putative 5' and 3' untranslated sequences. By immunohistochemical analysis, the protein encoded by the downstream open reading frame (GDF-1) was detected exclusively in the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves in day-14.5 mouse embryos. The upstream open reading frame encodes a protein of unknown function containing multiple putative membrane-spanning domains. These findings raise the possibility that this mRNA may give rise to two different proteins.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cited by
Contribution of rare inherited and de novo variants in 2,871 congenital heart disease probands
Jin, S. C., Homsy, J., Zaidi, S., Lu, Q., Morton, S., DePalma, S. R., Zeng, X., Qi, H., Chang, W., Sierant, M. C., et al. (2017) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng.3970 · Cited by 875
Levy, M., & Futerman, A. H. (2010) · IUBMB Life · doi:10.1002/iub.319 · Cited by 632
“In 1991, a mammalian gene, upstream of growth and differentiation factor-1 (UOG-1), was discovered while screening for transforming growth factor-b family members, and was found to be expressed as part of a bicistronic RNA together with growth/differentiation factor-1 (gdf1) (16).”
BackgroundMfrp, a gene encoding a frizzled related protein, is mutated in the mouse retinal degeneration 6
Kameya, S. (2002) · Human Molecular Genetics · doi:10.1093/hmg/11.16.1879 · Cited by 134
Necessary Role for the Lag1p Motif in (Dihydro)ceramide Synthase Activity
Spassieva, S., Seo, J.-G., Jiang, J. C., Bielawski, J., Alvarez-Vasquez, F., Jazwinski, S. M., Hannun, Y. A., & Obeid, L. M. (2006) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m608092200 · Cited by 121
Cunningham, N. S., Jenkins, N. A., Gilbert, D. J., Copeland, N. G., Reddi, A. H., & Lee, S.-J. (1995) · Growth Factors · doi:10.3109/08977199509028956 · Cited by 104
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Lee, S. J.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 1991-05-15
- Volume
- 88
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 4250-4254
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- OpenAlex
- W2071549023
- Cited by
- 162
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 1.78
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Expression of growth/differentiation factor 1 in the nervous system: conservation of a bicistronic structure. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1073/pnas.88.10.4250
- The paper
- Lee, S. J. (1991). Expression of growth/differentiation factor 1 in the nervous system: conservation of a bicistronic structure. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.88.10.4250
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.