The DOI matches its Crossref record; 15 of the 15 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Gene transfer in vivo: sustained expression and regulation of genes introduced into the liver by receptor-targeted uptake.
Open accessAbstract
Receptor-mediated gene transfer has been used to introduce genes into tissues of animals in vivo. The genes introduced by this approach have been transiently expressed at low levels in animal tissues. High levels of expression, for longer periods, have been attained by the induction of cell division (i.e., partial hepatectomy) or disruption of lysosomal degradation of the DNA. We have studied the correlation of specific structural features on the DNA/ligand complexes with their ability to efficiently introduce DNA into the livers of intact animals. A chimeric gene containing the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene promoter (nucleotides -460 to +73) linked to the structural gene for human factor IX (PEPCK-hFIX gene) was condensed with galactosylated poly(L-lysine) by titration with NaCl, resulting in complexes of defined size (10-12 nm in diameter) and shape. The PEPCK-hFIX gene complex was injected into the caudal vena cava of adult rats and the conjugated DNA was specifically targeted to the livers of the animals; no detectable DNA was noted in other tissues. The plasmid containing the PEPCK-hFIX gene was found as an episome in the livers of the rats 32 days after injection of the DNA complex. Human factor IX DNA, mRNA, and functional protein were detected up to 140 days after administration of the DNA complex (the duration of the experiment). Transcription from the PEPCK promoter could be induced over the entire course of the experiment by feeding the rats a high-protein, carbohydrate-free diet. We conclude that the structure of the DNA/ligand complexes is of key importance for the successful introduction of genes into the tissues of animals by receptor-mediated endocytosis.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Wagner, E., Cotten, M., Foisner, R., & Birnstiel, M. L. (1991) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.88.10.4255 · Cited by 484
Receptor-mediated gene delivery in vivo. Partial correction of genetic analbuminemia in Nagase rats
Wu, G. Y., Wilson, J. M., Shalaby, F., Grossman, M., Shafritz, D. A., & Wu, C. H. (1991) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)98689-8 · Cited by 340
Wu, C. H., Wilson, J. M., & Wu, G. Y. (1989) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)71447-6 · Cited by 287
Model nucleoprotein complexes: Studies on the interaction of cationic homopolypeptides with DNA
Olins, D. E., Olins, A. L., & von Hippel, P. H. (1967) · Journal of Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/0022-2836(67)90324-5 · Cited by 275
Wilson, J. M., Grossman, M., Wu, C. H., Chowdhury, N. R., Wu, G. Y., & Chowdhury, J. R. (1992) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)48379-2 · Cited by 240
Deoxyribonucleic acid-polylysine complexes. Structure and nucleotide specificity
Shapiro, J. T., Leng, M., & Felsenfeld, G. (1969) · Biochemistry · doi:10.1021/bi00836a014 · Cited by 237
McGrane, M. M., de Vente, J., Yun, J., Bloom, J., Park, E., Wynshaw-Boris, A., Wagner, T., Rottman, F. M., & Hanson, R. W. (1988) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)37977-8 · Cited by 236
Self-citationMonsigny, M., Roche, A. C., & Midoux, P. (1984) · Biology of the Cell · doi:10.1111/j.1768-322x.1984.tb00298.x · Cited by 221
Structure of Nucleic Acid-Poly Base Complexes
Haynes, M., Garrett, R., & Gratzer, W. (1970) · Biochemistry · doi:10.1021/bi00824a600 · Cited by 180
Friedman, J. E., Yun, J. S., Patel, Y. M., McGrane, M. M., & Hanson, R. W. (1993) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)31478-9 · Cited by 117
Self-citation
Cited by
Design and development of polymers for gene delivery
Pack, D. W., Hoffman, A. S., Pun, S., & Stayton, P. S. (2005) · Nature Reviews Drug Discovery · doi:10.1038/nrd1775 · Cited by 2,568
Nonviral vectors for gene delivery
Mintzer, M. A., & Simanek, E. E. (2009) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/cr800409e · Cited by 2,366
Polymeric Delivery of Therapeutic Nucleic Acids
Kumar, R., Santa Chalarca, C. F., Bockman, M. R., Bruggen, C. V., Grimme, C. J., Dalal, R. J., Hanson, M. G., Hexum, J. K., & Reineke, T. M. (2021) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00997 · Cited by 365
Histidine-rich peptides and polymers for nucleic acids delivery
Pichon, C., Gonçalves, C., & Midoux, P. (2001) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0169-409x(01)00221-6 · Cited by 254
Xu, L., & Anchordoquy, T. (2011) · Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences · doi:10.1002/jps.22243 · Cited by 209
Metadata
- Authors
- Perales, J. C., Ferkol, T., Beegen, H., Ratnoff, O. D., & Hanson, R. W.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 1994-04-26
- Volume
- 91
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 4086-4090
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- OpenAlex
- W2022401861
- Cited by
- 301
- References
- 15
- FWCI
- 9.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Gene transfer in vivo: sustained expression and regulation of genes introduced into the liver by receptor-targeted uptake. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1073/pnas.91.9.4086
- The paper
- Perales, J. C., Ferkol, T., Beegen, H., Ratnoff, O. D., & Hanson, R. W. (1994). Gene transfer in vivo: sustained expression and regulation of genes introduced into the liver by receptor-targeted uptake. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.91.9.4086
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.