Cited by 2,568RNA Interference and Gene DeliveryNanoparticle-Based Drug DeliveryAdvanced Drug Delivery Systems

Design and development of polymers for gene delivery

Pack, Daniel W., Hoffman, Allan S., Pun, Suzie, Stayton, Patrick S.·2005·Nature Reviews Drug Discovery

Abstract

The lack of safe and efficient gene-delivery methods is a limiting obstacle to human gene therapy. Synthetic gene-delivery agents, although safer than recombinant viruses, generally do not possess the required efficacy. In recent years, a variety of effective polymers have been designed specifically for gene delivery, and much has been learned about their structure-function relationships. With the growing understanding of polymer gene-delivery mechanisms and continued efforts of creative polymer chemists, it is likely that polymer-based gene-delivery systems will become an important tool for human gene therapy.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1038/nrd1775

Cites

179 of 179 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • Non-viral vectors may offer advantages over viral vectors for CRISPR/Cas9 delivery, including low immunogenicity, absence of endogenous virus recombination, less limitation in delivering larger genetic payloads, and ease of large-scale production.

    “As an alternative, non-viral vectors may offer tantalizing possibility in CRISPR/Cas9 delivery with respect to their low immunogenicity, absence of endogenous virus recombination, less limitation in delivering larger genetic payloads and ease of large-scale production [73–75].”
  • Non-viral vectors face two main limitations in systemic delivery in vivo: serum stability of polyplexes after systemic administration and relatively low transfection efficiency in targeted tissues after administration.

    “There are two main limitations of non-viral vectors-mediated CRISPR/Cas9 delivery in vivo. The first one is the serum stability of polyplexes after systemic administration [73]. The second one is the relatively low transfection efficiency in the targeted tissues after administration in vivo [76, 77].”
  • In contrast with viral vectors, cumulative editing efficacy can be obtained after multiple administrations of non-viral vectors-mediated CRISPR/Cas9 delivery owing to limited immune responses.

    “Besides, in contrast with viral vectors, cumulative editing efficacy can be obtained after multiple administrations of non-viral vectors-mediated CRISPR/Cas9 delivery owing to limited immune responses [73, 74, 116, 138].”
  • Nanoparticles smaller than 9 nm can passively diffuse through nuclear pore complexes, while larger ones require assistance of import proteins (e.g., importins) to actively shuttle them into nucleus.

    “Nanoparticles smaller than 9 nm can passively diffuse through nuclear pore complexes (NPCs), while larger ones requiring the assistance of import proteins (e.g., importins) to actively shuttle them into the nucleus [73].”

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Authors
Pack, D. W., Hoffman, A. S., Pun, S., & Stayton, P. S.
Affiliations
  • University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
  • University of Washington (US)
Corresponding author
Pack, Daniel W.
Venue
Nature Reviews Drug Discovery
Published
2005-07-01
Volume
4
Issue
7
Pages
581-593
ISSN
  • 1474-1776 (ISSN-L)
  • 1474-1784
OpenAlex
W2003414091
Cited by
2,568
References
181
Citations by year
2026: 55 · 2025: 67 · 2024: 94 · 2023: 76 · 2022: 109 · 2021: 122 · 2020: 125 · 2019: 144 · 2018: 159 · 2017: 157 · 2016: 173 · 2015: 205 · 2014: 180 · 2013: 180 · 2012: 188
FWCI
4.89
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Nature Reviews Drug Discovery (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
  • Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery
  • Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmaceutical Science › Advanced Drug Delivery Systems
Keywords
gene therapy, structure-function relationship, polymer chemistry, non-viral vectors
MeSH terms
Animals, Cyclodextrins, Genetic Vectors, Humans, Imidazoles, Polymers, Drug Design, Genetic Therapy, Gene Transfer Techniques

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