The DOI matches its Crossref record; 52 of the 52 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Virus dynamics and drug therapy
Open accessAbstract
The recent development of potent antiviral drugs not only has raised hopes for effective treatment of infections with HIV or the hepatitis B virus, but also has led to important quantitative insights into viral dynamics in vivo. Interpretation of the experimental data depends upon mathematical models that describe the nonlinear interaction between virus and host cell populations. Here we discuss the emerging understanding of virus population dynamics, the role of the immune system in limiting virus abundance, the dynamics of viral drug resistance, and the question of whether virus infection can be eliminated from individual patients by drug treatment.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Infectious Diseases of Humans: Dynamics and Control
Anderson, R. M., & May, R. M. (1991) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198545996.001.0001 · Cited by 6,179
Self-citationRapid turnover of plasma virions and CD4 lymphocytes in HIV-1 infection
Ho, D. D., Neumann, A. U., Perelson, A. S., Chen, W., Leonard, J. M., & Markowitz, M. (1995) · Nature · doi:10.1038/373123a0 · Cited by 4,267
HIV-1 Dynamics in Vivo: Virion Clearance Rate, Infected Cell Life-Span, and Viral Generation Time
Perelson, A. S., Neumann, A. U., Markowitz, M., Leonard, J. M., & Ho, D. D. (1996) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.271.5255.1582 · Cited by 3,531
Viral dynamics in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection
Wei, X., Ghosh, S. K., Taylor, M. E., Johnson, V. A., Emini, E. A., Deutsch, P., Lifson, J. D., Bonhoeffer, S., Nowak, M. A., Hahn, B. H., et al. (1995) · Nature · doi:10.1038/373117a0 · Cited by 3,260
Self-citationHall, A. J. (1992) · Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene · doi:10.1016/0035-9203(92)90276-i · Cited by 2,131
HIV Population Dynamics in Vivo: Implications for Genetic Variation, Pathogenesis, and Therapy
Coffin, J. M. (1995) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.7824947 · Cited by 1,981
Decay characteristics of HIV-1-infected compartments during combination therapy
Perelson, A. S., Essunger, P., Cao, Y., Vesanen, M., Hurley, A., Saksela, K., Markowitz, M., & Ho, D. D. (1997) · Nature · doi:10.1038/387188a0 · Cited by 1,880
Pantaleo, G., Graziosi, C., Demarest, J. F., Butini, L., Montroni, M., Fox, C. H., Orenstein, J. M., Kotler, D. P., & Fauci, A. S. (1993) · Nature · doi:10.1038/362355a0 · Cited by 1,808
Hepatitis B Virus Immunopathogenesis
Chisari, F. V. (1995) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.13.1.29 · Cited by 1,609
HIV with Reduced Sensitivity to Zidovudine (AZT) Isolated During Prolonged Therapy
Larder, B. A., Darby, G., & Richman, D. D. (1989) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.2467383 · Cited by 1,559
Cited by
Domingo, E., Sheldon, J., & Perales, C. (2012) · Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews · doi:10.1128/mmbr.05023-11 · Cited by 1,009
Morgan, P., Van Der Graaf, P. H., Arrowsmith, J., Feltner, D. E., Drummond, K. S., Wegner, C. D., & Street, S. D. A. (2012) · Drug Discovery Today · doi:10.1016/j.drudis.2011.12.020 · Cited by 692
Nowak, M. A., Lloyd, A. L., Vasquez, G. M., Wiltrout, T. A., Wahl, L. M., Bischofberger, N., Williams, J., Kinter, A., Fauci, A. S., Hirsch, V. M., et al. (1997) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.71.10.7518-7525.1997 · Cited by 284
Self-citationBiphasic clearance kinetics of hepatitis B virus from patients during adefovir dipivoxil therapy
Tsiang, M., Rooney, J. F., Toole, J. J., & Gibbs, C. S. (1999) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.510290626 · Cited by 242
Evolution of Drug Resistance in Candida Albicans
Cowen, L. E., Anderson, J. B., & Kohn, L. M. (2002) · Annual Review of Microbiology · doi:10.1146/annurev.micro.56.012302.160907 · Cited by 151
Metadata
- Authors
- Bonhoeffer, S., May, R. M., Shaw, G. M., & Nowak, M. A.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 1997-06-24
- Volume
- 94
- Issue
- 13
- Pages
- 6971-6976
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- OpenAlex
- W2060735144
- Cited by
- 632
- References
- 52
- FWCI
- 22.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Virus dynamics and drug therapy. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1073/pnas.94.13.6971
- The paper
- Bonhoeffer, S., May, R. M., Shaw, G. M., & Nowak, M. A. (1997). Virus dynamics and drug therapy. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.94.13.6971
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.