Differences in Glucose Transporter Gene Expression between Rat Pancreatic α- and β-Cells Are Correlated to Differences in Glucose Transport but Not in Glucose Utilization

Heimberg, Harry; De Vos, Anick; Pipeleers, Daniel; Thorens, Bernard; Schuit, Frans

doi:10.1074/jbc.270.15.8971

Cited by 188Pancreatic function and diabetesMetabolism, Diabetes, and CancerDiabetes Treatment and Management

Differences in Glucose Transporter Gene Expression between Rat Pancreatic α- and β-Cells Are Correlated to Differences in Glucose Transport but Not in Glucose Utilization

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Heimberg, Harry, De Vos, Anick, Pipeleers, Daniel, Thorens, Bernard, Schuit, Frans·1995·Journal of Biological Chemistry

DOI 10.1074/jbc.270.15.8971

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Abstract

Glucose exerts inverse effects upon the secretory function of islet alpha- and beta-cells, suppressing glucagon release and increasing insulin release. This diverse action may result from differences in glucose transport and metabolism between the two cell types. The present study compares glucose transport in rat alpha- and beta-cells. beta-Cells transcribed GLUT2 and, to a lesser extent, GLUT 1; alpha-cells contained GLUT1 but no GLUT2 mRNA. No other GLUT-like sequences were found among cDNAs from alpha- or beta-cells. Both cell types expressed 43-kDa GLUT1 protein which was enhanced by culture. The 62-kDa beta-cell GLUT2 protein was converted to a 58-kDa protein after trypsin treatment of the cells without detectable consequences upon glucose transport kinetics. In beta-cells, the rates of glucose transport were 10-fold higher than in alpha-cells. In both cell types, glucose uptake exceeded the rates of glucose utilization by a factor of 10 or more. Glycolytic flux, measured as D-[5(3)H]glucose utilization, was comparable in alpha- and beta-cells between 1 and 10 mmol/liter substrate. In conclusion, differences in glucose transporter gene expression between alpha- and beta-cells can be correlated with differences in glucose transport kinetics but not with different glucose utilization rates.

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GLUT1 constitutes the primary glucose transporters in human β-cells, whereas Glut2 mediates glucose transport in mouse β-cells.
“In mice, this is mediated by Glut2 (Slc2a2), which has a low affinity for glucose (i.e. has a high Km) and a high transport capacity (682).”
From Pancreatic β-Cell Electrical Activity and Insulin Secretion: Of Mice and Men (2018) · cites this paper as [258]
The citation is attached to the claim about mouse β-cells, not the separate statement about human GLUT1. The Discussion (page unavailable) describes high-Km, high-capacity glucose transport via GLUT2 in rat β-cells, but the paper does not establish that this finding applies to mouse β-cells. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Alpha-cells can sense high concentrations of glucose despite expressing low Km GLUT1 but lacking high Km GLUT2.
“It may seem surprising that the ␣-cells can sense high concentrations of glucose because they express low K m glucose transporter GLUT1 but lack high K m GLUT2 (38).”
From Paradoxical Stimulation of Glucagon Secretion by High Glucose Concentrations (2006) · cites this paper as [38]

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Differences in glucose transporter gene expression between rat pancreatic a- and ß-cells are correlated to differences in glucose transport but not in glucose utilization.
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Authors: Heimberg, H., De Vos, A., Pipeleers, D., Thorens, B., & Schuit, F.
Affiliations: Vrije Universiteit Brussel (BE)
University of Lausanne (CH)
ORCID: Heimberg, Harry
Pipeleers, Daniel
Thorens, Bernard
Schuit, Frans
Venue: Journal of Biological Chemistry
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 1995-04
Volume: 270
Issue: 15
Pages: 8971-8975
ISSN: 0021-9258 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1074/jbc.270.15.8971
OpenAlex: W2096514865
Cited by: 188
References: 34
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 9
FWCI: 6.89
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: hybrid
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor, 9366 d)
Locations: Journal of Biological Chemistry (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
IRIS (submittedVersion)
SERVAL (Université de Lausanne) (submittedVersion)
Funders: Vrije Universiteit Brussel
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Pancreatic function and diabetes
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
Keywords: glucose transport, glucose transporter gene expression, alpha cells, pancreatic beta cells, GLUT1, GLUT2, glucose uptake, glucose utilization, glycolytic flux, glucagon, insulin, rat islets
MeSH terms: Animals, Biological Transport, Cells, Cultured, Glucose, Islets of Langerhans, Kinetics, Methylglucosides, Monosaccharide Transport Proteins, 3-O-Methylglucose, Rats

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Differences in Glucose Transporter Gene Expression between Rat Pancreatic α- and β-Cells Are Correlated to Differences in Glucose Transport but Not in Glucose Utilization

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