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The 2-Oxoacid Dehydrogenase Complexes in Mitochondria Can Produce Superoxide/Hydrogen Peroxide at Much Higher Rates Than Complex I
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Several flavin-dependent enzymes of the mitochondrial matrix utilize NAD(+) or NADH at about the same operating redox potential as the NADH/NAD(+) pool and comprise the NADH/NAD(+) isopotential enzyme group. Complex I (specifically the flavin, site IF) is often regarded as the major source of matrix superoxide/H2O2 production at this redox potential. However, the 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (OGDH), branched-chain 2-oxoacid dehydrogenase (BCKDH), and pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complexes are also capable of considerable superoxide/H2O2 production. To differentiate the superoxide/H2O2-producing capacities of these different mitochondrial sites in situ, we compared the observed rates of H2O2 production over a range of different NAD(P)H reduction levels in isolated skeletal muscle mitochondria under conditions that favored superoxide/H2O2 production from complex I, the OGDH complex, the BCKDH complex, or the PDH complex. The rates from all four complexes increased at higher NAD(P)H/NAD(P)(+) ratios, although the 2-oxoacid dehydrogenase complexes produced superoxide/H2O2 at high rates only when oxidizing their specific 2-oxoacid substrates and not in the reverse reaction from NADH. At optimal conditions for each system, superoxide/H2O2 was produced by the OGDH complex at about twice the rate from the PDH complex, four times the rate from the BCKDH complex, and eight times the rate from site IF of complex I. Depending on the substrates present, the dominant sites of superoxide/H2O2 production at the level of NADH may be the OGDH and PDH complexes, but these activities may often be misattributed to complex I.
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“SIRT3 also deacetylates key enzymes that produce ROS such as unique subunits of the electron transport chain ((Rahman et al. 2014)) and 2-oxoacid dehydrogenases ((Quinlan et al. 2014)).”
From The Mitochondrial Acylome Emerges: Proteomics, Regulation by Sirtuins, and Metabolic and Disease Implications (2018) · cites this paper as Quinlan et al. 2014
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Metadata
- Authors
- Quinlan, C. L., Goncalves, R. L. S., Hey-Mogensen, M., Yadava, N., Bunik, V. I., & Brand, M. D.
- Affiliations
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging (US)
- Lomonosov Moscow State University (RU)
- Corresponding author
- Brand, Martin D.
- Venue
- Journal of Biological Chemistry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-03
- Volume
- 289
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 8312-8325
- ISSN
- 0021-9258 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3961658
- OpenAlex
- W1986366581
- Cited by
- 310
- References
- 87
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 41 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 31 · 2016: 30 · 2015: 33 · 2014: 19
- FWCI
- 15.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Biological Chemistry (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (TL1 AG032116)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Biochemical Acid Research Studies
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Redox biology and oxidative stress
- Keywords
- superoxide production, hydrogen peroxide production, 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase, pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, complex I, mitochondrial matrix, flavoenzyme, skeletal muscle mitochondria, reactive oxygen species
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Female, Hydrogen Peroxide, Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase Complex, Mitochondria, Muscle, NAD, Oxidation-Reduction, Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex, Superoxides, Rats, Wistar, Muscle, Skeletal, Rats
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