Fat Storage-inducing Transmembrane Protein 2 Is Required for Normal Fat Storage in Adipose Tissue
Open accessAbstract
Triglycerides within the cytosol of cells are stored in a phylogenetically conserved organelle called the lipid droplet (LD). LDs can be formed at the endoplasmic reticulum, but mechanisms that regulate the formation of LDs are incompletely understood. Adipose tissue has a high capacity to form lipid droplets and store triglycerides. Fat storage-inducing transmembrane protein 2 (FITM2/FIT2) is highly expressed in adipocytes, and data indicate that FIT2 has an important role in the formation of LDs in cells, but whether FIT2 has a physiological role in triglyceride storage in adipose tissue remains unproven. Here we show that adipose-specific deficiency of FIT2 (AF2KO) in mice results in progressive lipodystrophy of white adipose depots and metabolic dysfunction. In contrast, interscapular brown adipose tissue of AF2KO mice accumulated few but large LDs without changes in cellular triglyceride levels. High fat feeding of AF2KO mice or AF2KO mice on the genetically obese ob/ob background accelerated the onset of lipodystrophy. At the cellular level, primary adipocyte precursors of white and brown adipose tissue differentiated in vitro produced fewer but larger LDs without changes in total cellular triglyceride or triglyceride biosynthesis. These data support the conclusion that FIT2 plays an essential, physiological role in fat storage in vivo.
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In vivo loss of FIT2 in adipocytes and pancreatic β cells results in failed lipid droplet formation.
“The in vivo loss of FIT2 in adipocytes and pancreatic β cells also resulted in failed LD formation (24, 59).”
From Reducing microglial lipid load enhances β amyloid phagocytosis in an Alzheimer’s disease mouse model (2025) · cites this paper as [24]
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Salazar‐Villacorta, A., Bond, L. M., Kim, L., Anagnostopoulou, K. K., Scardamaglia, A., Filippakopoulou, E., Ververi, A., Efthymiou, S., Dinopoulos, A., Murphy, D. P., et al. (2025) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2025.01.23.24319660
A FIT2–BLTP1 module sustains lipid droplet phosphatidic acid and restrains overgrowthPreprint
Chu, Q., Zhou, T., Zhou, Z., Zhang, S., Deng, L., & Ji, W.-K. (2026) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2026.09.30.755522
Partial Loss of FITM2 Function Causes Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia
Salazar‐Villacorta, A., Bond, L. M., Kim, L., Anagnostopoulou, K. K., Scardamaglia, A., Filippakopoulou, E., Ververi, A., Efthymiou, S., Dinopoulos, A., Murphy, D., et al. (2026) · Human Mutation · doi:10.1155/humu/5893503
- Authors
- Miranda, D. A., Kim, J.-H., Nguyen, L. N., Cheng, W., Tan, B. C., Goh, V. J., Tan, J. S. Y., Yaligar, J., KN, B. P., Velan, S. S., Wang, H., & Silver, D. L.
- Affiliations
- National University of Singapore (SG)
- Agency for Science, Technology and Research (SG)
- Corresponding author
- Silver, David L.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Biological Chemistry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-04
- Volume
- 289
- Issue
- 14
- Pages
- 9560-9572
- ISSN
- 0021-9258 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3975007
- OpenAlex
- W2047140120
- Cited by
- 71
- References
- 26
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 2.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Biological Chemistry (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- National University of Singapore (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Lipid metabolism and disorders
- Keywords
- FAT2, lipid droplets, triglyceride storage, adipose tissue, lipodystrophy, adipocytes, brown adipose tissue, adipogenesis, high-fat feeding, metabolic dysfunction
- MeSH terms
- Adipose Tissue, Animals, Membrane Proteins, Triglycerides, Adipocytes, Mice, Knockout, Mice
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