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Dietary whey protein increases liver and skeletal muscle glycogen levels in exercise-trained rats
Open accessAbstract
We investigated the effect of different types of dietary protein on glycogen content in liver and skeletal muscle of exercise-trained rats. Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats (approximately 100 g;n 6 per group) were divided into sedentary or exercise-trained groups with each group being fed either casein or whey protein as the source of dietary protein. Rats in the exercised groups were trained during 2 weeks using swimming exercise for 120 min/d, 6 d/week. Exercise training resulted in an increase in the skeletal muscle glycogen content. Furthermore, the whey protein group significantly increased the skeletal muscle glycogen content compared with the casein group. The increase in glycogen content in liver was significantly greater in rats fed the whey protein diet compared with those fed the casein diet. We also found that the whey protein diet increased the activity of liver glucokinase, whereas it decreased the activities of 6-phosphofructokinase and pyruvate kinase compared with the casein diet. However, hepatic total glycogen synthase activity and mRNA expression were similar with the two diets. In the skeletal muscle, whey protein decreased only 6-phosphofructokinase activity compared with casein. Total glycogen synthase activity in the skeletal muscle in the whey protein group was significantly higher than that in the casein group. The present study is the first to demonstrate that a diet based on whey protein may increase glycogen content in liver and skeletal muscle of exercise-trained rats. We also observed that whey protein regulated glycogen metabolism in these two tissues by different mechanisms.
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“it has also been demonstrated that whey protein enhances glycogen synthesis in the liver and skeletal muscle more than casein in an insulin-independent fashion that appears to be due to its capacity to upregulate glycogen synthase activity [171].”
From International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: protein and exercise (2017) · cites this paper as [171]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Morifuji, M., Sakai, K., Sanbongi, C., & Sugiura, K.
- Affiliations
- Meiji Seika Pharma Co., Ltd. (Japan) (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Morifuji, Masashi
- Venue
- British Journal of Nutrition
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2005-04
- Volume
- 93
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 439-445
- ISSN
- 0007-1145 (ISSN-L)
- 1475-2662
- OpenAlex
- W2066097229
- Cited by
- 58
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 1.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- British Journal Of Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Keywords
- whey protein, casein, dietary protein, glycogen, liver glycogen, skeletal muscle glycogen, exercise training, swimming training, glucokinase, 6-phosphofructokinase, pyruvate kinase, glycogen synthase, glycogen metabolism, rats
- MeSH terms
- Whey Proteins, Animals, Blood Glucose, Caseins, Dietary Proteins, Glycogen, Liver, Liver Glycogen, Male, Milk Proteins, Physical Conditioning, Animal, Proteins, RNA, Messenger, Weight Gain, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Muscle, Skeletal, Rats
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