The DOI matches its Crossref record; 47 of the 51 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Nutritional factors and immunological ageing
Open accessAbstract
Undernutrition profoundly affects immune responses, particularly at the extremities of life: in infants and in the elderly. The present review focuses on this interrelationship in the elderly. It describes three different stages of ageing: stage 1, healthy ageing, which is observed in very healthy elderly individuals who have no nutritional deficit; stage 2, common ageing, which is observed in most elderly individuals in whom various micronutrient deficits are found; stage 3, pathological ageing, which is observed in patients with protein-energy deficiency. Stage 1, primary immune ageing, is essentially characterized by changes in T-cell subsets but no change in T-cell function; T-cell function is reduced only in the very elderly (>90 years old). Stage 2, secondary immune ageing, is influenced by micronutrient deficits that may be corrected by providing nutritional supplements. Furthermore, immune responses may also be enhanced by supplementation of subjects who have no micronutrient deficits, indicating that the immune system of elderly individuals is highly susceptible to the influence of micronutrients. In stage 3, tertiary immune ageing, the immune responses are strongly related to the decreased nutritional status. In these patients decreased immune responses lead to long-lasting acute-phase responses, which induce greater use of nutritional reserves during disease and lead to increased frailty. As nutritional status has a marked effect on immune responses in elderly individuals, nutritional therapy should be given to elderly individuals who have nutrient deficits, and perhaps also to individuals who do not have nutrient deficits in order to promote healthy ageing and extend the lifespan.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“There is a mutual interaction between nutrition, intake of particular bioactive dietary components, immune function, and inflammatory status, hence a close relation with the hallmarks of immunosenescence (78, 79).”
From Immunosenescence and Its Hallmarks: How to Oppose Aging Strategically? A Review of Potential Options for Therapeutic Intervention (2019) · cites this paper as [79]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
1 retracted
Chandra, R. K. (2002) · Nutrition Research · doi:10.1016/s0271-5317(01)00366-9 · Cited by 25
RetractedAdmission criteria for immunogerontological studies in man: The senieur protocol
Ligthart, G. J., Corberand, J. X., Fournier, C., Galanaud, P., Hijmans, W., Kennes, B., Müller-Hermelink, H. K., & Steinmann, G. G. (1984) · Mechanisms of Ageing and Development · doi:10.1016/0047-6374(84)90152-0 · Cited by 754 · cited 2×
“Indeed, very healthy elderly individuals aged 70–80 years who have been very carefully selected using defined protocols for healthiness (Ligthart et al. 1984; Lesourd & Mazari, 1999) have levels of lymphocyte proliferation and Il-2 release that are comparable with those of young controls aged 20–30 years (Lesourd & Ma…”
MethodResultVitamin E supplementation enhances cell-mediated immunity in healthy elderly subjects
Meydani, S. N., Barklund, M., Liu, S., Meydani, M., Miller, R. A., Cannon, J., Morrow, F. D., Rocklin, R. E., & Blumberg, J. B. (1990) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/52.3.557 · Cited by 585
Meydani, S. N. (1997) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.1997.03540410058031 · Cited by 545
Yarasheski, K. E., Zachwieja, J. J., & Bier, D. M. (1993) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.1993.265.2.e210 · Cited by 406
Pawelec, G. (1998) · Frontiers in bioscience · doi:10.2741/a266 · Cited by 357
Miller, R. A. (1991) · International review of cytology · doi:10.1016/s0074-7696(08)61527-2 · Cited by 353
(1993) · PubMed · Cited by 330
Antioxidants and immune response in aged persons: overview of present evidence
Meydani, S. N., Wu, D., Santos, M., & Hayek, M. G. (1995) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/62.6.1462s · Cited by 298
Girodon, F. (1999) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.159.7.748 · Cited by 292
Outcome of protein-energy malnutrition in elderly medical patients
Cederholm, T., Jägrén, C., & Hellström, K. (1995) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0002-9343(99)80082-5 · Cited by 287
Nutrition and immunity in the elderly: modification of immune responses with nutritional treatments
Lesourd, B. (1997) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/66.2.478s · Cited by 285
Myofibrillar protein synthesis in young and old men
Welle, S. L., Thornton, C. A., Józefowicz, R. F., & Statt, M. (1993) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.1993.264.5.e693 · Cited by 280
Sullivan, D., Patch, G., Walls, R., & Lipschitz, D. (1990) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/51.5.749 · Cited by 254
Zinc deficiency in elderly patients.
Prasad, A. S., Fitzgerald, J. T., Hess, J. W., Kaplan, J., Pelen, F., & Dardenne, M. (1993) · PubMed · Cited by 244
Sullivan, D. H., Walls, R. C., & Bopp, M. M. (1995) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1995.tb06097.x · Cited by 158
Bogden, J. D., Oleske, J. M., Lavenhar, M. A., Munves, E. M., Kemp, F. W., Bruening, K. S., Holding, K. J., Denny, T. N., Guarino, M. A., & Holland, B. K. (1990) · Journal of the American College of Nutrition · doi:10.1080/07315724.1990.10720372 · Cited by 156
Nutrition and immunity in the elderly
Lesourd, B., & Mazari, L. (1999) · Proceedings of The Nutrition Society · doi:10.1017/s0029665199000907 · Cited by 154
(2002) · CABI Publishing eBooks · doi:10.1079/9780851995830.0000 · Cited by 149
Daily micronutrient supplements enhance delayed-hypersensitivity skin test responses in older people
Bogden, J. D., Bendich, A., Kemp, F., Bruening, K. S., Shurnick, J., Denny, T. N., Baker, H., & Louria, D. B. (1994) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/60.3.437 · Cited by 144
PENN, N. D., Purkins, L., Kelleher, J., Heatley, R. V., Mascie‐Taylor, B. H., & Belfield, P. W. (1991) · Age and Ageing · doi:10.1093/ageing/20.3.169 · Cited by 142
Enhanced expression of inducible cyclooxygenase with age in murine macrophages
Hayek, M. G., Mura, C. V., Wu, D., Beharka, A. A., Han, S. N., Paulson, K. E., Hwang, D. H., & Meydani, S. N. (1997) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.159.5.2445 · Cited by 138
Boukaïba, N., Flament, C., Acher, S., Chappuis, P., Piau, A., Fusselier, M., Dardenne, M., & Lemonnier, D. (1993) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/57.4.566 · Cited by 137
Girodon, F., Blache, D., Monget, A. L., Lombart, M., Brunet-Lecompte, P., Arnaud, J., Richard, M., & Galan, P. (1997) · Journal of the American College of Nutrition · doi:10.1080/07315724.1997.10718698 · Cited by 122
Lesourd, B. (2009) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1753-4887.1995.tb01523.x · Cited by 120
Pyridoxine supplementation: effect on lymphocyte responses in elderly persons
Talbott, M., Miller, L., & Kerkvliet, N. I. (1987) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/46.4.659 · Cited by 119
Nutrition: a major factor influencing immunity in the elderly.
Lesourd, B. (2004) · PubMed · Cited by 113
Effect of vitamin and trace element supplementation on immune indices in healthy elderly.
Pike, J., & Chandra, R. K. (1995) · PubMed · Cited by 108
Nutritional influences on immune response in healthy aged persons
Mazari, L., & Lesourd, B. (1998) · Mechanisms of Ageing and Development · doi:10.1016/s0047-6374(98)00047-5 · Cited by 99
Sullivan, D. H., & Walls, R. C. (1995) · Journal of the American College of Nutrition · doi:10.1080/07315724.1995.10718470 · Cited by 97
The Role of Nutrition in Immunity in the Aged
Lesourd, B., Mazari, L., & Ferry, M. (2009) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1753-4887.1998.tb01628.x · Cited by 92
Lesourd, B., & Meaume, S. (1994) · Immunology Letters · doi:10.1016/0165-2478(94)00062-x · Cited by 86
Ahluwalia, N., Mastro, A. M., Ball, R., Miles, M. P., Rajendra, R., & Handte, G. (2001) · Mechanisms of Ageing and Development · doi:10.1016/s0047-6374(01)00266-4 · Cited by 82
Immune response during disease and recovery in the elderly
Lesourd, B. (1999) · Proceedings of The Nutrition Society · doi:10.1079/pns19990013 · Cited by 81
Aging, nutrition and immune function.
Ahluwalia, N. (2004) · PubMed · Cited by 79
Mbawuike, I. N., Acuna, C. L., Walz, K. C., Atmar, R. L., Greenberg, S. B., & Couch, R. B. (1997) · Mechanisms of Ageing and Development · doi:10.1016/s0047-6374(96)01855-6 · Cited by 65
Galan, P., Preziosi, P., Monget, A. L., Richard, M., Arnaud, J., Lesourd, B., Girodon, F., Alférez, M. J. M., Bourgeois, C. F., Keller, H., et al. (1997) · PubMed · Cited by 54
Arreaza, E., Gibbons, J. J., Siskind, G. W., & Weksler, M. E. (1993) · Clinical & Experimental Immunology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.1993.tb05965.x · Cited by 53
Ageing alters the competence of the immune system to control parasitic infection
Albright, J. W., & Albright, J. F. (1994) · Immunology Letters · doi:10.1016/0165-2478(94)00066-2 · Cited by 51
Goodwin, J. S. (1982) · Clinical Immunology and Immunopathology · doi:10.1016/0090-1229(82)90187-8 · Cited by 49
Immune responses during recovery from protein-energy malnutrition
Lesourd, B., & Mazari, L. (1997) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/s0261-5614(97)80047-7 · Cited by 48
Immune Senescence: Deficiency or Dysregulation
Weksler, M. E. (2009) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1753-4887.1995.tb01513.x · Cited by 33
Lesourd, B., Laisney, C., Salvatore, R., Meaume, S., & Moulias, R. (1994) · Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics · doi:10.1016/s0167-4943(05)80059-7 · Cited by 31
Moulias, R., Devillechabrolle, A., Lesourd, B., Proust, J., Marescot, M. R., Doumerc, S., Favre-Berrone, M., Congy, F., & Wang, A. (1985) · Mechanisms of Ageing and Development · doi:10.1016/s0047-6374(85)80023-3 · Cited by 26
Longitudinal changes in iron and protein status of elderly Europeans. SENECA Investigators.
Lesourd, B., Decarli, B., & Dirren, H. (1996) · PubMed · Cited by 17
Nutrition and ageing of the immune system.
Lesourd, B., Raynaud-Simon, A., & Mazari, L. (2002) · CABI Publishing eBooks · doi:10.1079/9780851995830.0357 · Cited by 11
Lesourd, B. (2000) · Modern nutrition · doi:10.1201/9781420039047.ch10 · Cited by 4
Research works printed but not linked: 13
- Lesourd, 1994, La malnutrition protéino-énergétique chez les sujets âgés (Protein-energy malnutrition in aged persons)., Semaines des Hôpitaux de Paris, 70, 957
- Nafziger, 1993, Decreased capacity of IL1 production by monocytes of infected elderly patients., Ageing; Immunology and Infectious Disease, 4, 425
- Muller, 1986, Aging and the Immune Responses: Cellular and Humoral Aspects, 309
- Boubaika, 1993, A physiological amount of zinc supplementation: effects on nutritional, lipid, and thymic status in an elderly population., American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 57, 566, 10.1093/ajcn/57.4.566 · DOI
- Lesourd, 2001, Handbook of Nutrition and the Aged, 145
- Tucker, 1995, Micronutrient status and ageing., Nutrition Reviews, 53, S9
- Chandra, 1994, Malnutrition, Determinants and Consequences, 245
- Sapolski, 1983, The adrenocortical stress response in the aged male rats: impairment of recovery after stress., Experimental Gerontology, 18, 284
- Bell, 1997, Alteration of immune defense in the elderly: the role of nutrition., Infections in Medicine, 14, 415
- Martin, 2000, Apports Nutritionnels Conseillés pour la Population Française (RDA for the French Population)
- Cossarizza, 1992, Age-related imbalance of virgin (CD45RA+) and memory (CD45RO+) cells between CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes in humans: study from newborns to centenarians, Journal of Immunological Research, 4, 118
- Lesourd, 2001, Handbook of Nutrition and the Aged, 145
- Lesourd, 2001, Handbook of Nutrition and the Aged, 145
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Dietary factors and low-grade inflammation in relation to overweight and obesity
Calder, P. C., Ahluwalia, N., Brouns, F., Buetler, T., Clement, K., Cunningham, K., Esposito, K., Jönsson, L. S., Kolb, H., Lansink, M., et al. (2011) · British Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114511005460 · Cited by 1,098
Aiello, A., Farzaneh, F., Candore, G., Caruso, C., Davinelli, S., Gambino, C. M., Ligotti, M. E., Zareian, N., & Accardi, G. (2019) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.02247 · Cited by 693
Calder, P. C., Bosco, N., Bourdet‐Sicard, R., Capuron, L., Delzenne, N. M., Dore, J. M., Franceschi, C., Lehtinen, M. J., Recker, T., Salvioli, S., et al. (2017) · Ageing Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.arr.2017.09.001 · Cited by 524
A Consideration of Biomarkers to be Used for Evaluation of Inflammation in Human Nutritional Studies
Calder, P. C., Ahluwalia, N., Albers, R., Bosco, N., Bourdet-Sicard, R., Haller, D., Holgate, S. T., Jönsson, L. S., Latulippe, M. E., Marcos, A., et al. (2013) · British Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114512005119 · Cited by 425
Human intestinal microbiota and healthy ageing
Tiihonen, K., Ouwehand, A. C., & Rautonen, N. (2009) · Ageing Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.arr.2009.10.004 · Cited by 357
Metadata
- Authors
- Lesourd, B.
- Affiliations
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Lesourd, Bruno
- Venue
- Proceedings of The Nutrition Society
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2006-08
- Volume
- 65
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 319-325
- ISSN
- 0029-6651 (ISSN-L)
- 1475-2719
- OpenAlex
- W2049339327
- Cited by
- 103
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 0.74
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Proceedings of The Nutrition Society (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutrition and Health Studies
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterology
- Keywords
- older adults, malnutrition, micronutrient deficiency, protein-energy malnutrition, T cell subsets, T cell function, dietary supplementation, acute phase response, frailty, healthy aging, nutritional therapy, lifespan extension
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aging, Humans, Immunity, Cellular, Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Nutritional Status, Micronutrients
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
