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Cited by 127Animal Nutrition and PhysiologyAnimal Behavior and Welfare StudiesRegulation of Appetite and Obesity

Diet selection for protein by poultry

Forbes, J.M., Shariatmadari, F.·1994·World s Poultry Science Journal
DOI 10.1079/wps19940002
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Abstract

If birds can learn to associate different sensory properties of foods with different metabolic feelings caused by different protein contents, then they should be able to choose a balance of foods which makes them feel most comfortable. Broiler chickens given a choice between two foods, one containing a higher concentration of protein than required and the other a lower concentration, eat amounts of the two which will give a diet that is close to optimum for growth in terms of overall protein content. When both foods have excessive or insufficient protein the birds eat predominantly from that closer to their requirements. As broilers grow they choose a progressively lower protein diet in line with their reducing protein:energy requirements. Strains with higher potential rates of lean deposition voluntarily consume a higher ratio of high-protein to low-protein food compared with low-growth strains, while strains selected for high fat deposition eat less protein per unit of energy than lean birds. Males select higher protein diets than females. Although increases in environmental temperature would be predicted to reduce energy requirements and thus increase the protein:energy ratio in selected diets, heat-stressed birds do not increase the protein content of their diet, probably because of the high heat increment of protein metabolism. Short periods of access to one food alone are followed by a preference for the opposite food when access to both is restored. When given appropriate training, laying hens can balance their diet for protein but not as well as broilers. There is evidence that growing chicks can differentiate high-lysine from low-lysine foods but do not entirely balance their diet for lysine. Methionine-deficient broilers eat more of a methionine supplemented food than normal birds, while laying hens eat some methionine-fortified food when given a choice against a low-methionine food, but not enough to support normal egg production. It is concluded that poultry can show a great degree of ‘nutritional wisdom’ as far as protein is concerned but that they need to be allowed to differentiate between foods with different nutrient profiles by sensory means, and a lack of training might account for some of the poor results obtained.

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Crossref · 10.1079/wps19940002

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  • When given a choice, a wide range of species will self-select between diets that are high and low in protein in order to maintain protein intake.

    “When given a choice, a wide range of species will self-select between diets that are high and low in protein in order to maintain protein intake”

    From FGF21 and the physiological regulation of macronutrient preference (2020) · cites this paper as [84]

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Authors
Forbes, J. M., & Shariatmadari, F.
Affiliations
University of Leeds (GB)
ORCID
Shariatmadari, F.
Venue
World s Poultry Science Journal
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Published
1994-03-01
Volume
50
Issue
1
Pages
7-24
ISSN
  • 0043-9339 (ISSN-L)
  • 1743-4777
DOI
10.1079/wps19940002
OpenAlex
W2045225084
Cited by
127
References
64
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 9
FWCI
8.88
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.cambridge.org/core/terms (unspecified, 4949 d)
Locations
World s Poultry Science Journal (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Nutrition and Physiology
  • Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
Keywords
broiler chickens, laying hens, growth rate, energy-protein ratio, heat stress, lysine, methionine deficiency

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