The DOI matches its Crossref record; 38 of the 38 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Therapeutic group psychoeducation and relaxation in treating fear of childbirth
Abstract
Background. The increase in the numbers of women fearing childbirth and requesting cesarean sections call for new forms of antenatal treatment. Methods. Finnish nulliparous women experiencing severe fear of childbirth (experimental group, n = 102) attended 5 group sessions with a psychologist, once together with a midwife, during the third trimester. One session was held 3 months after the delivery. Each session consisted of a discussion of fear and feelings towards the impending birth and parenthood in a psychotherapeutic atmosphere and of relaxation exercises focused on an imaginary childbirth. The results were compared with those of 85 women treated for fear of childbirth by 2 appointments with an obstetrician (conventional treatment). Results. Before the sessions, among the women in the experimental group, scored fear of childbirth, on a scale of one to ten, was 6.9±2.0 (SD), which is similar to the score of those receiving conventional treatment (6.0±1.6). After the sessions, 84 women in the experimental group (82.4%) and 57 in the conventional treatment group (67.1%) chose to have a vaginal delivery (p = 0.02). The women in the experimental treatment group rated the helpfulness of the sessions 8.5±1.6 on a scale where 10 was maximum help and 1 no help at all, and mentioned “sharing their feelings” twice as often as “receiving information” as the most helpful factor in relieving fear. Conclusions. Group psychoeducation and relaxation exercises were well received and rated as very helpful. More cesarean section requests were withdrawn than in the comparison group and in previous studies.
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“When comparing psychoeducational group sessions with standard care (SC) for women with severe FOB, fewer cesarean births, more positive birth experiences, and less depressive symptoms postpartum were found in the intervention group, however, with small effect sizes for the psychological variables [24-26].”
From Comparing internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy with standard care for women with fear of birth: Randomized controlled trial (2018) · cites this paper as [26]
In the citing paper
“When comparing psychoeducational group sessions with standard care (SC) for women with severe FOB, fewer cesarean births, more positive birth experiences, and less depressive symptoms postpartum were found in the intervention group, however, with small effect sizes for the psychological variables [24-26].”
From Comparing internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy with standard care for women with fear of birth: Randomized controlled trial (2018) · cites this paper as [26]
In the citing paper
“When comparing psychoeducational group sessions with standard care (SC) for women with severe FOB, fewer cesarean births, more positive birth experiences, and less depressive symptoms postpartum were found in the intervention group, however, with small effect sizes for the psychological variables [24-26].”
From Comparing internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy with standard care for women with fear of birth: Randomized controlled trial (2018) · cites this paper as [26]
In the citing paper
“When comparing psychoeducational group sessions with standard care (SC) for women with severe FOB, fewer cesarean births, more positive birth experiences, and less depressive symptoms postpartum were found in the intervention group, however, with small effect sizes for the psychological variables [24-26].”
From Comparing internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy with standard care for women with fear of birth: Randomized controlled trial (2018) · cites this paper as [26]
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Cites
Experiences in Groups and Other Papers
Duflos, A., & Bion, W. R. (1962) · Revue Française de Sociologie · doi:10.2307/3319188 · Cited by 1,138
Postpartum depression: identification of women at risk
Nielsen, D., Videbech, P., Hedegaard, M. S., Dalby, J., & Secher, N. J. (2000) · BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology · doi:10.1111/j.1471-0528.2000.tb11609.x · Cited by 463
Experiences of Fears Associated with Pregnancy and Childbirth: A Study of 329 Pregnant Women
Hanna‐Leena Melender, R. (2002) · Birth · doi:10.1046/j.1523-536x.2002.00170.x · Cited by 399
Fear of childbirth during pregnancy may increase the risk of emergency cesarean section
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Tokophobia: An unreasoning dread of childbirth: A series of 26 cases
Hofberg, K., & Brockington, I. (2000) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.176.1.83 · Cited by 238
Comparison of Family Therapy and Family Group Psychoeducation in Adolescents with Anorexia Nervosa
Geist, R., Heinmaa, M., Stephens, D., Davis, R., & Katzman, D. K. (2000) · The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/070674370004500208 · Cited by 232
A randomized controlled trial of intervention in fear of childbirth*1
Saisto, T. (2001) · Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/s0029-7844(01)01552-6 · Cited by 231
Self-citationInvestigation of 33 women who demanded a cesarean section for personal reasons
Ryding, E. L. (1993) · Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica · doi:10.3109/00016349309068038 · Cited by 231
Obstetric outcome in 100 women with severe anxiety over childbirth
Sjögren, B., & Thomassen, P. A. B. (1997) · Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica · doi:10.3109/00016349709034907 · Cited by 160
Factors associated with fear of delivery in second pregnancies1, *1
Saisto, T. (1999) · Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/s0029-7844(99)00413-5 · Cited by 144
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Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Achterberg J, 1985, Imagery in Healing
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Sorted by citations
Fear of childbirth and duration of labour: a study of 2206 women with intended vaginal delivery
Adams, S., Eberhard‐Gran, M., & Eskild, A. (2012) · BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology · doi:10.1111/j.1471-0528.2012.03433.x · Cited by 378
Fear of childbirth according to parity, gestational age, and obstetric history
Rouhe, H., Salmela‐Aro, K., Halmesmäki, E., & Saisto, T. (2008) · BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology · doi:10.1111/j.1471-0528.2008.02002.x · Cited by 363
Self-citationChildbirth Fear, Anxiety, Fatigue, and Sleep Deprivation in Pregnant Women
Hall, W. A., Hauck, Y. L., Carty, E. M., Hutton, E. K., Fenwick, J., & Stoll, K. H. (2009) · Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing · doi:10.1111/j.1552-6909.2009.01054.x · Cited by 279
Women's lived experience of fear of childbirth
Nilsson, C., & Lundgren, I. (2009) · Midwifery · doi:10.1016/j.midw.2007.01.017 · Cited by 143
Rouhe, H., Salmela‐Aro, K., Toivanen, R., Tokola, M., Halmesmäki, E., & Saisto, T. (2013) · BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology · doi:10.1111/1471-0528.12011 · Cited by 190
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- SAISTO, T., TOIVANEN, R., SALMELA‐ARO, K., & HALMESMÄKI, E.
- Affiliations
- Helsinki University Hospital (FI)
- University of Jyväskylä (FI)
- Corresponding author
- SAISTO, TERHI
- Venue
- Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2006-11
- Volume
- 85
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1315-1319
- ISSN
- 0001-6349 (ISSN-L)
- 1600-0412
- OpenAlex
- W2162139610
- Cited by
- 131
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 5.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Maternal and Perinatal Health Interventions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Pregnancy-related medical research
- Keywords
- fear of childbirth, group psychoeducation, relaxation techniques, fetal therapy, nulliparous women, vaginal delivery, cesarean section, third trimester
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Cesarean Section, Fear, Female, Humans, Pregnancy, Psychotherapy, Group, Relaxation Therapy, Parturition
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