Ultrasound-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) based on solidification of floating organic drop using a deep eutectic solvent for simultaneous preconcentration and determination of nickel and cobalt in food and water samples
Abstract
Ultrasound-assisted deep eutectic solvent-based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (UA-DES-DLLME-SFO) was employed with the solidification of floating organic drop to simultaneously preconcentrate and determine nickel and cobalt in food and water by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). 2-(5-Bromo-2-pyridylazo)-5-(diethylamino) phenol (5-Br-PADAP) was employed as the chelating agent, while decanoic acid and dl-menthol were employed as deep eutectic solvents. The influence of extraction solvent type and volume, chelating agent content, pH, ionic strength, and ultrasonication duration was assessed on the microextraction efficiency. Moreover, analytical figures of merit of the approach were determined. The optimal condition resulted in detection limits of 0.3 µg/L and 0.4 µg/L, quantification limits of 1.1 µg/L and 1.3 µg/L, and preconcentration factors of 50 for Ni and Co, respectively. Relative standard deviations (n = 10) for 50.0 µg/L nickel and cobalt were 2.3% and 2.5%, respectively. The developed technique was employed to simultaneously extract and determine nickel and cobalt contents of food and water samples.
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In regard to the transition metals, zinc [80], cobalt [55], copper [17,74], mercury [74,75,77], nickel [55], cadmium [17,74,75,80], and chromium [81] have all been quantified using DES in DLLME-SFOD.
“In regard to the transition metals, zinc [80], cobalt [55], copper [17,74], mercury [74,75,77], nickel [55], cadmium [17,74,75,80], and chromium [81] have all been quantified using DES in DLLME-SFOD.”
DES-DLLME-SFOD was also applied for the extraction of Pb, Cd, Cu, As, and Hg from tea [76], Cr (VI) from urine samples [81], and nickel and cobalt from food and water [55].
“DES-DLLME-SFOD was also applied for the extraction of Pb, Cd, Cu, As, and Hg from tea [76], Cr (VI) from urine samples [81], and nickel and cobalt from food and water [55].”
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- Authors
- Tavakoli, M., Jamali, M. R., & Nezhadali, A.
- Affiliations
- Payame Noor University (IR)
- Corresponding author
- Jamali, Mohammad Reza
- Venue
- Analytical Letters
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2021-03-11
- Volume
- 54
- Issue
- 18
- Pages
- 2863-2873
- ISSN
- 0003-2719 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-236X
- OpenAlex
- W3138463797
- Cited by
- 32
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 2
- FWCI
- 2.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Analytical Letters (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Payame Noor University
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Analytical Chemistry › Analytical chemistry methods development
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Electrochemistry › Electrochemical Analysis and Applications
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Spectroscopy › Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography
- Keywords
- dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, solidification of floating organic drop, deep eutectic solvents, ultrasound-assisted extraction, nickel determination, cobalt determination, food samples, water samples, 5-Br-PADAP, capric acid, DL-menthol, preconcentration, simultaneous determination
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