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Cited by 178

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The causal dynamics between renewable energy, real GDP, emissions and oil prices: evidence from OECD countries

Apergis, Nicholas, Payne, James E.·2014·Applied Economics

Abstract

This study extends the empirical literature on the determinants of renewable energy consumption in the case of 25 OECD countries for the period 1980–2011. Preliminary analysis suggests the presence of cross-sectional dependence within the panel data. As a result, second-generation panel unit root tests of Smith et al. (2004) and Pesaran (2007) are undertaken to find the respective variables that are integrated of order one. Panel cointegration and error correction modelling reveal that a long-run relationship exists between renewable energy consumption per capita, real GDP per capita, carbon dioxide emissions per capita and real oil prices. The long-run elasticity estimates are positive and statistically significant for real GDP per capita, carbon dioxide emissions per capita and real oil prices. The panel error correction model shows that a feedback relationship exists among the variables.

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Metadata

Authors
Apergis, N., & Payne, J. E.
Venue
Applied Economics
Published
2014-09-30
Volume
46
Issue
36
Pages
4519-4525
ISSN
  • 0003-6846 (ISSN-L)
  • 1466-4283
OpenAlex
W2014215804
Cited by
178
References
2
FWCI
6.56
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The causal dynamics between renewable energy, real GDP, emissions and oil prices: evidence from OECD countries. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1080/00036846.2014.964834
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Apergis, N., & Payne, J. E. (2014). The causal dynamics between renewable energy, real GDP, emissions and oil prices: evidence from OECD countries. Applied Economics. https://doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2014.964834

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