Imposing limits on autonomous systems
Open accessAbstract
Our present era is witnessing the genesis of a sea-change in the way that advanced technologies operate. Amongst this burgeoning wave of untrammelled automation there is now beginning to arise a cadre of ever-more independent, autonomous systems. The degree of interaction between these latter systems with any form of human controller is becoming progressively more diminished and remote; and this perhaps necessarily so. Here, I advocate for human-centred and human favouring constraints to be designed, programmed, promulgated and imposed upon these nascent forms of independent entity. I am not sanguine about the collective response of modern society to this call. Nevertheless, the warning must be voiced and the issue debated, especially among those who most look to mediate between people and technology. Practitioner Summary: Practitioners are witnessing the penetration of progressively more independent technical orthotics into virtually all systems' operations. This work enjoins them to advocate for sentient, rational and mindful human-centred approaches towards such innovations. Practitioners need to place user-centred concerns above either the technical or the financial imperatives which motivate this line of progress.
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In general, autonomous systems are generative and learn, evolve and permanently change their functional capacities as a result of the input of operational and contextual information.
“In general, autonomous systems are generative and learn, evolve and permanently change their functional capacities as a result of the input of operational and contextual information (Hancock 2017).”
From Trustworthy artificial intelligence (2021) · cites this paper as Hancock 2017
AI-based systems' actions necessarily become more indeterminate across time and are thus more challenging to predict, making trust interactions between humans and AI-based systems more complex and difficult to understand than trust interactions between humans and non-AI technologies.
“AI-based systems' actions necessarily become more indeterminate across time and are thus more challenging to predict (Hancock 2017), making trust interactions between humans and AI-based systems more complex and difficult to understand than trust interactions between humans and non-AI technologies.”
From Trustworthy artificial intelligence (2021) · cites this paper as Hancock 2017
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Keeping the Driver in the Loop: The ‘Other’ Ethics of Automation
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Automation and Development Effort in Continuous AI Development: A Practitioners’ Survey
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Salmon, P. M., & Read, G. J. M. (2018) · Human Factors and Ergonomics in Manufacturing & Service Industries · doi:10.1002/hfm.20777 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
- Authors
- Hancock, P. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Central Florida (US)
- Corresponding author
- Hancock, P. A.
- ORCID
- Hancock, P. A.
- Venue
- Ergonomics
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2016-07-13
- Volume
- 60
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 284-291
- ISSN
- 0014-0139 (ISSN-L)
- 1366-5847
- OpenAlex
- W2471606134
- Cited by
- 162
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 5 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 22.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Locations
- Ergonomics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Journal of International Crisis and Risk Communication Research (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Human-Automation Interaction and Safety
- Social Sciences › Safety Research › Ethics and Social Impacts of AI
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History and Philosophy of Science › Cybernetics and Technology in Society
- Keywords
- autonomous systems, human-centered design, human-automation interaction, user-centered design, human control, technology regulation, human factors in automation
- MeSH terms
- Automation, Humans, Ergonomics, Man-Machine Systems, Technology
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