The DOI matches its Crossref record; 51 of the 51 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
First- and Second-Generation College Students: A Comparison of Their Engagement and Intellectual Development
Open accessAbstract
Students who are the first in their family to attend college are less likely to graduate compared to students with one or both parents who have baccalaureate degrees. However, surprisingly little is known about the college experiences of first-generation students. This study examined the self-reported college experiences of 1,127 first-year students at a variety of four-year colleges and universities. First-generation students tended to be less engaged and gained less from college than their counterparts with college-educated parents did. These differences were primarily due to first-generation students having lower educational aspirations and living off campus.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999) · Structural Equation Modeling A Multidisciplinary Journal · doi:10.1080/10705519909540118 · Cited by 108,788
Hu, L.-T., & Bentler, P. M. (1998) · Psychological Methods · doi:10.1037/1082-989x.3.4.424 · Cited by 12,298
What Matters in College? Four Critical Years Revisited.
Feldman, K. A., & Astin, A. W. (1994) · The Journal of Higher Education · doi:10.2307/2943781 · Cited by 5,745
Forms of Intellectual and Ethical Development in the College Years; A Scheme
Perry, W. G. (1970) · Cited by 4,174
How College Affects Students: Findings and Insights From Twenty Years of Research.
Weidman, J. C., Pascarella, E. T., & Terenzini, P. T. (1992) · Contemporary Sociology · doi:10.2307/2075453 · Cited by 3,070
Higher Education: Handbook of Theory and Research
(2007) · Higher Education: Handbook of Theory and Research · doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-5666-6 · Cited by 2,359
Kuh, G. D. (2003) · Change: The Magazine of Higher Learning · doi:10.1080/00091380309604090 · Cited by 1,248
Self-citationFirst-generation college students: Characteristics, experiences, and cognitive development
Terenzini, P. T., Springer, L., Yaeger, P. M., Pascarella, E. T., & Nora, A. (1996) · Research in Higher Education · doi:10.1007/bf01680039 · Cited by 1,040
Allen, W. (1992) · Harvard Educational Review · doi:10.17763/haer.62.1.wv5627665007v701 · Cited by 1,030
The Impact of College on Students
Feldman, K. A., & Newcomb, T. M. (2020) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780429339059 · Cited by 955
Cited by
What Student Affairs Professionals Need to Know About Student Engagement
Kuh, G. D. (2009) · Journal of College Student Development · doi:10.1353/csd.0.0099 · Cited by 1,298
Self-citation(2013) · Cited by 834
Wolf-Wendel, L., Ward, K., & Kinzie, J. (2009) · Journal of College Student Development · doi:10.1353/csd.0.0077 · Cited by 510
First-generation students' academic engagement and retention
Soria, K. M., & Stebleton, M. J. (2012) · Teaching in Higher Education · doi:10.1080/13562517.2012.666735 · Cited by 371
Li, J., & Xue, E. (2023) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs13010059 · Cited by 280
Metadata
- Authors
- Pike, G. R., & Kuh, G. D.
- Venue
- The Journal of Higher Education
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2005-05
- Volume
- 76
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 276-300
- ISSN
- 0022-1546 (ISSN-L)
- 1538-4640
- OpenAlex
- W2102852010
- Cited by
- 731
- References
- 51
- FWCI
- 79.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: First- and Second-Generation College Students: A Comparison of Their Engagement and Intellectual Development. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1080/00221546.2005.11772283
- The paper
- Pike, G. R., & Kuh, G. D. (2005). First- and Second-Generation College Students: A Comparison of Their Engagement and Intellectual Development. The Journal of Higher Education. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221546.2005.11772283
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.