‘Garden agriculture’ and the nature of early farming in Europe and the Near East

Bogaard, Amy

doi:10.1080/00438240500094572

Cited by 226Archaeology and ancient environmental studiesArchaeological and Geological StudiesSoil and Environmental Studies

‘Garden agriculture’ and the nature of early farming in Europe and the Near East

Bogaard, Amy·2005·World Archaeology

DOI 10.1080/00438240500094572

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Abstract

This paper takes a comparative approach to early farming, arguing that bioarchaeological work on Neolithic Europe can inform understanding of earlier cultivation and herding in the Near East, where the ‘package’ of crops and livestock emerged in the PPNB period. Evidence for intensive cultivation (‘garden agriculture’) integrated with small-scale herding is outlined for south-east and central Europe before turning to crop and caprine husbandry practices during the PPNB. It is concluded that integration of small-scale cultivation and herding during the PPNB facilitated the spread of agriculture to Europe.

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In Southwest Asia by 7000 B.C. and Europe by 5000 B.C., the early presence of intensive land-use technologies has been confirmed by stable nitrogen isotope ratios in preserved crop grains, indicating that manures were used to sustain intensive cultivation near settlements.
“In Southwest Asia (by 7000 B.C.) and Europe (by 5000 B.C.), the early presence of intensive land-use technologies has been confirmed by stable nitrogen isotope ratios in preserved crop grains, indicating that manures were used to sustain intensive cultivation near settlements (90, 91).”
From Used planet: a global history (2013) · cites this paper as [91]

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Authors: Bogaard, A.
Affiliations: University of Nottingham (GB)
Corresponding author: Bogaard, Amy
ORCID: Bogaard, Amy
Venue: World Archaeology
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Published: 2005-06
Volume: 37
Issue: 2
Pages: 177-196
ISSN: 0043-8243 (ISSN-L)
1470-1375
DOI: 10.1080/00438240500094572
OpenAlex: W2069708404
Cited by: 226
References: 84
Citations by year: 2026: 11 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 5
FWCI: 10.09
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: World Archaeology (publishedVersion)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Archaeology and ancient environmental studies
Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Archeology › Archaeological and Geological Studies
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil and Environmental Studies
Keywords: ancient agriculture, Neolithic Europe, Pre-Pottery Neolithic B, crop husbandry, intensive agriculture, spread of agriculture, bioarchaeology, Southeastern Europe, Central Europe

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‘Garden agriculture’ and the nature of early farming in Europe and the Near East

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