Cited by 786Education, Achievement, and GiftednessPsychological and Educational Research StudiesLearning Styles and Cognitive Differences

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Revisiting the Conceptualization, Measurement, and Generation of Interest

RENNINGER, K. ANN, HIDI, SUZANNE·2011·Educational Psychologist

DOI 10.1080/00461520.2011.587723

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Abstract

This article provides an overview of recent interest research, focusing on the conceptualization, measurement, and generation of interest. It includes work that reflects differing theoretical backgrounds, research traditions, domains, and participants. Research on interest needs to be theoretically grounded if it is to be generally applicable and inform practice. Investigators must consider their own research questions, including learners’ age and characteristics of the learning context, in relation to the range of conceptualizations in the field. Whereas researchers’ questions should drive research on interest, their conceptualization of interest should inform their choice of measures. In addition, research addressing the ways in which interest might be generated and/or supported to develop should be aligned with both the conceptualization and measurement(s) of interest.

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Yuan, H., Yuan, W., Duan, S., Yong, R., Jiao, K., Wei, Y., Leach, M. P., Li, N., Zhang, X., Lim, E. G., et al. (2024) · Humanities and Social Sciences Communications · doi:10.1057/s41599-024-03324-7 · Cited by 1
“The academic system, including pedagogy and resource allocation, may in ﬂ uence students ’ learning experiences and motivation (Hulleman and Harackiewicz, 2009; McNeal, 2015; Renninger and Hidi, 2011).”
‘Am I good at this?’ Connecting ESL learners’ interest and perceived competence in grammar learning.
Zakaria, N. A. I. (2024) · International Research-Based Education Journal · doi:10.17977/um043v6i2p171-186 · Cited by 1
Students’ situational interest and perceived relevance during designed coherent physics learning modules
Neito, R., Vilhunen, E., Lavonen, J., & Reivelt, K. (2025) · International Journal of Science Education · doi:10.1080/09500693.2025.2488400 · Cited by 1
“The idea that interest has an emotion-related and a value related dimension has also been confirmed in subsequent studies (Hidi et al., 2004; Renninger & Hidi, 2011).”
How Malpractice and Error Cases Influence Information Recall in General Practice Residents, a Vignette Study
van Sassen, C., van den Broek, W. W., Bindels, P., & Zwaan, L. (2025) · Perspectives on Medical Education · doi:10.5334/pme.1730 · Cited by 1
Positive effects of the Letterland curriculum on kindergarteners’ word reading skills and engagement behaviors: A comparison of two programs
Roberts, T. A., & Smolkowski, K. (2025) · The Journal of Educational Research · doi:10.1080/00220671.2025.2496313 · Cited by 1
“It is conceptually plausible to think that imaginative and meaningful Letterland characters, character props, and stories about them would support high levels of engagement during word reading instruction (Cordova & Lepper, 1996; Renninger & Hidi, 2011).”
Effects of teachers’ co-constructive discourse practices on students’ self-related cognitions and interest in primary science learning
Schulze, C., Herrmann, A., Lange‐Schubert, K., & Saalbach, H. (2025) · Zeitschrift für Grundschulforschung · doi:10.1007/s42278-025-00245-5 · Cited by 5
“Interest means that a person repeatedly engages with or focuses attention on an object (Krapp 2002; Renninger and Hidi 2011; Schiefele 2009; Tröbst et al. 2016).”
You say to-may-toe, I say to-mah-toe
Hoffman, B. H. (2015) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-800779-2.00006-3 · Cited by 2
On Texts Interesting to Read in Foreign Language Teaching
Chodkiewicz, H. (2016) · Second language learning and teaching · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-33272-7_3 · Cited by 1
Determining Persistence of Community College Students in Introductory Geology Classes.
Kraft, K. V. D. H. (2014) · ProQuest LLC eBooks · Cited by 1
The Effect of STEAM Lessons concerning the Aquatic Organisms on Elementary Students’Creative Problem-Solving Ability, Basic Scientific Process Skills and Affective Domain
양지혜, Ho, H. S., & 최영미 (2016) · BIOLOGY EDUCATION · doi:10.15717/bioedu.2016.44.4.597 · Cited by 1
Diegetic and non-diegetic surprises, and their effect on liking, long-term recall and comprehension in narrative television commercials
Berros, J. B., & Díez, J. L. (2019) · Communication & Society · doi:10.15581/003.32.1.91-106 · Cited by 1
“Finally, these results about non-diegetic surprises can also be related to processes of arousal enhancement due to confronting conflictive surprising events (Berlyne, 1960), and recent research on psychology of interest (Silvia, 2006; Renninger & Hidi, 2011).”
Result
Fostering an Enriching Learning Experience: A Multisite Investigation of the Effects of Desktop Learning Modules on Students' Learning Experiences in Engineering Classrooms
Hunsu, N. J., Adesope, O., Wie, B. V., & Pour, N. B. (2020) · ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition · doi:10.18260/1-2--30533 · Cited by 1
Motivation Intervention through Calculus Tasks with Science and Engineering Applications.
Akbuga, E. (2018) · ProQuest LLC eBooks · Cited by 1
Self-Regulated Learners
Liberty, L. M., & DeSpain, S. N. (2020) · Advances in educational technologies and instructional design book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-7998-2132-8.ch004 · Cited by 1
Effects of Motivational Regulation Strategies on College Students’ Individual Interests:Dependence on Specific Motivational Problems
Tang, L., & Toyama, M. (2020) · The Japanese Journal of Personality · doi:10.2132/personality.28.3.9 · Cited by 1
“…これらの結果は，仮説を部分的に支持した。最後に，本研究の限界点について考察した。キーワード：興味，動機づけ調整方略，状況特異性，大学生問題と目的興味（interest）は学習の過程と達成にポジティブな影響を与えることが示されてきた。例えば，興味の低い個人に比べ興味の高い個人は，マスタリー目標を持ちやすいこと（e.g., Harackiewicz, Durik, Barron, Linnenbrink-Garcia, & Tauer 2008），深い認知的処理を行うこと（e.g., Schiefele & Krapp, 1996），高い学業パフォーマンスを発揮すること…”
Explicit, Reflective Technology Education (EXRETU) - An Intervention Study at Lower Secondary School
Heitzmann, A., Safi, N., & Güdel, K. (2014) · Cited by 1
Utfordringer i dagens norske turisme
Viken, A. (2020) · doi:10.33673/ooa20202/14 · Cited by 2
The Psychology of Political Interest
Prior, M. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108355001.002 · Cited by 1
Social Inequality
Rocca, D. (2020) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190874698.003.0003 · Cited by 1
Élaboration de l’échelle Perceptions et attitude envers la communication orale en sciences (PACOS) auprès d’étudiants du postsecondaire en sciences
Langlois, S.-P., & Cormier, C. (2021) · Mesure et évaluation en éducation · doi:10.7202/1087989ar
Developmental implications of preschool children’s affective experiences during organized activities
Ren, L., Wang, S., & Mang, L. (2022) · Early Child Development and Care · doi:10.1080/03004430.2022.2130911 · Cited by 1
“…it is difficult to distinguish whether positive or negative affect is the result or precursor of interests or the lack thereof, interest in a learning activity is generally recognized as a critical motivational variable that helps guide one’s focus and facilitate learning (Renninger & Hidi, 2011).”
Background
Student motivational profiles in science: TIMSS 2019 in Serbia
Ševkušić, S., Mirkov, S., & Lalić-Vučetić, N. (2022) · Zbornik Instituta za pedagoska istrazivanja · doi:10.2298/zipi2202117s · Cited by 2
Lower secondary school students’ interest and emotions regarding dissection in schools - a pilot study
Tomažič, I. (2017) · Acta Biologica Slovenica · doi:10.14720/abs.60.1.15671 · Cited by 1
Student experience of school science and its relationship to post-16 science take-up
Shirazi, S. (2024) · White Rose eTheses Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York) · doi:10.48785/100/205 · Cited by 1
Mari-Pauliina Vainikainen Finnish primary school pupils' performance in learning to learn assessments
Vainikainen, M., Yliopisto, H., & Universitet, H. (2014) · Cited by 1
Increasing High School Student Interest in Science: An Action Research Study.
Vartuli, C. A. (2016) · University of Bridgeport ScholarWorks (University of Bridgeport) · Cited by 1
Exploring the Mathematical Confidence and Self-Efficacy of Primary/Junior Pre-Service Teachers
Iacobelli, E. (2019) · Scholarship at UWindsor (University of Windsor) · Cited by 1
A Public-based Exploratory Approach to Technology Foresight: Text Mining and Scenario Planning
김영준 (2020) · Seoul National University Open Repository (Seoul National University) · Cited by 1
Characterizing adolescents' interest in and out of school
Slot, E. M. (2020) · doi:10.33540/114 · Cited by 1
Development of Academic Well-Being during Secondary Education: Relations to Performance, Motivational Beliefs, and Aspirations
Widlund, A. (2021) · Doria (University of Helsinki) · doi:10.13140/rg.2.2.31705.03683 · Cited by 1
Fostering Student STEM Interest and Identity Using Self-determination TheoryPreprint
Chiu, T. K. F. (2022) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1504429/v1 · Cited by 1
How do Students' Cognitive and Motivational Characteristics Relate to Experimentation Skills and Conceptual Understanding during Scientific InquiryPreprint
Omarchevska, Y., Lachner, A., Sibley, L., Richter, J., & Scheiter, K. (2023) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/3t6g5 · Cited by 1

Authors: RENNINGER, K. A., & HIDI, S.
Affiliations: Swarthmore College (US)
ORCID: RENNINGER, K. ANN
Venue: Educational Psychologist
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Published: 2011-07
Volume: 46
Issue: 3
Pages: 168-184
ISSN: 0046-1520 (ISSN-L)
1532-6985
DOI: 10.1080/00461520.2011.587723
OpenAlex: W2059669144
Cited by: 786
References: 153
Citations by year: 2026: 38 · 2025: 62 · 2024: 62 · 2023: 57 · 2022: 73 · 2021: 60 · 2020: 87 · 2019: 72 · 2018: 64 · 2017: 53 · 2016: 41 · 2015: 38 · 2014: 39 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 17
FWCI: 31.74
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Educational Psychologist (publishedVersion)
Works - Scholarship, Research, & Creative Expression (Swarthmore College) (submittedVersion)
Funders: Swarthmore College
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Education, Achievement, and Giftedness
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Psychological and Educational Research Studies
Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Learning Styles and Cognitive Differences
Keywords: interest, student motivation, interest development, learning context

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Revisiting the Conceptualization, Measurement, and Generation of Interest

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