A preliminary investigation into the restorative potential of public aquaria exhibits: a UK student-based study
Open accessAbstract
Even ‘managed’ natural settings, such as botanical gardens and zoos, can provide restorative experiences. Well-being benefits may also be greater in land/waterscapes with greater biodiversity (eg, species richness). Using two photo studies with student participants, we explored aesthetic and behavioural preferences, affect and the restorative potential of multiple public aquaria exhibits, including variation in biodiversity. Study 1 (N = 39) found that aquarium exhibits, in general, scored as highly as natural environments (eg, green space) on all dimensions. Study 2 (N = 40) examined whether responses were influenced by exhibit characteristics including: climatic region (tropical/temperate), biological group (vertebrates/invertebrates), species richness (high/low) and abundance of individuals (high/low). Supporting predictions, tropical, vertebrate (fish) and high species richness exhibits were generally rated more positively than temperate/invertebrate/low species richness exhibits. However, some low richness/high abundance exhibits were also rated unexpectedly positively. Findings are discussed within the context of the growing well-being and biodiversity literature.
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Aquariums often house multiple species to naturally represent ecosystems, providing visual interpretation of oceanic restoration.
“Cracknell et al., (2016) concluded aquariums often house multiple species to naturally represent ecosystems, providing visual interpretation of oceanic restoration.”
From An Investigation into the Perception and Prevalence of Mixed-Species Exhibits in Zoos and Aquaria (2022) · cites this paper as Cracknell et al., (2016)
Section 1.5 says public aquaria may display mixed communities representing coral reefs, and Section 4.1 says exhibits are designed to replicate natural habitats. But the paper also describes single-specimen and single-species exhibits, and its discussion of restoration concerns visitors’ well-being, not visual interpretation of oceanic restoration. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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- Authors
- Cracknell, D., White, M. P., Pahl, S., & Depledge, M. H.
- Affiliations
- University of Plymouth (GB)
- University of Exeter (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Cracknell, Deborah
- Venue
- Landscape Research
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2016-11-15
- Volume
- 42
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 18-32
- ISSN
- 0142-6397 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-9710
- OpenAlex
- W2555287775
- Cited by
- 41
- References
- 62
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 2.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Locations
- Landscape Research (publishedVersion)
- Open Research Exeter (University of Exeter) (acceptedVersion)
- PEARL (University of Plymouth) (submittedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- national aquarium limited
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Urban Green Space and Health
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Aesthetic Perception and Analysis
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Museology › Museums and Cultural Heritage
- Keywords
- restorative environments, aquarium exhibits, biodiversity, species richness, well-being, aesthetic preference, behavioural preferences, affect
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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