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Cited by 365Earthquake and Disaster Impact StudiesDisaster Management and ResilienceInfrastructure Resilience and Vulnerability Analysis

Inequities in Long-Term Housing Recovery After Disasters

Peacock, Walter Gillis, Van Zandt, Shannon, Zhang, Yang, Highfield, Wesley E.·2014·Journal of the American Planning Association
DOI 10.1080/01944363.2014.980440
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Abstract

Problem, research strategy, and findings: Disaster impacts result from interactions between hazard exposure, physical vulnerability, and social vulnerability. We report empirical work from 1992′s Hurricane Andrew in Miami-Dade (FL) and 2008′s Hurricane Ike in Galveston (TX) to assess long-term trends in housing recovery. Longitudinal, parcel-level data on housing units along with neighborhood sociodemographic data permit analysis of the pace of recovery for different neighborhoods, populations, and housing types. Housing recovery is highly uneven for different population groups. Unsurprisingly, damage has major consequences; even after four years, the effects of damage are evident in the rebuilding process. Social vulnerability factors play differently in different settings. In Miami, income and race and ethnicity were critical determinants of higher losses and slower recovery rates, while in Galveston income was the more critical factor, with housing in lower-income areas suffering more damage and lagging significantly in the recovery process.Takeaway for practice: Effective land use policy and building codes can reduce physical vulnerability and ultimately damage, thus enhancing resilience for all. Differentials in impact and recovery trajectories suggest that assessment and the monitoring of recovery is critical to target resources to areas that are lagging. Perhaps most important is having an effective plan in place that addresses housing recovery issues to help reduce long-term consequences. Pre-event planning for housing and social change can help support community vision and overcome inequities.

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Crossref · 10.1080/01944363.2014.980440

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  • Inequities in disaster relief also stem from many aspects of redlining: homes are likely less resilient to natural disasters and face more damage; lower property values result in fewer funds to cover damage; and a lack of previous repairs means that properties may not be eligible for certain programs.

    “Inequities in disaster relief also stem from many aspects of redlining: homes are likely less resilient to natural disasters and face more damage; lower property values result in fewer funds to cover damage; and a lack of previous repairs means that properties may not be eligible for certain programs.154,155”

    From NPCC4: Advancing climate justice in climate adaptation strategies for New York City (2024) · cites this paper as [154]

  • Some federal flood mitigation grants for homeowners require matching, often making them unaffordable, particularly for residents who have not been able to build wealth through homeownership.

    “Some federal flood mitigation grants for homeowners require matching, often making them unaffordable, particularly for residents who have not been able to build wealth through homeownership.154”

    From NPCC4: Advancing climate justice in climate adaptation strategies for New York City (2024) · cites this paper as [154]

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Authors
Peacock, W. G., Van Zandt, S., Zhang, Y., & Highfield, W. E.
Affiliations
  • Texas A&M University (US)
  • Virginia Tech (US)
  • Texas A&M University at Galveston (US)
Corresponding author
  • Peacock, Walter Gillis
  • Zhang, Yang
  • Highfield, Wesley E.
ORCID
Venue
Journal of the American Planning Association
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Published
2014-10-02
Volume
80
Issue
4
Pages
356-371
ISSN
  • 0194-4363 (ISSN-L)
  • 1939-0130
DOI
10.1080/01944363.2014.980440
OpenAlex
W2034876258
Cited by
365
References
99
Citations by year
2026: 38 · 2025: 36 · 2024: 48 · 2023: 49 · 2022: 39 · 2021: 55 · 2020: 38 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 2
FWCI
19.38
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Journal of the American Planning Association (publishedVersion)
  • RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Transportation › Earthquake and Disaster Impact Studies
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Disaster Management and Resilience
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Civil and Structural Engineering › Infrastructure Resilience and Vulnerability Analysis
Keywords
housing recovery, disaster recovery, Hurricane Andrew, Hurricane Ike, hurricane damage, social vulnerability, physical vulnerability, racial and ethnic disparities, income inequality, neighborhood recovery, housing loss, building regulations, land use policy, disaster resilience, Miami-Dade County, Galveston

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