Cited by 17,064Urban Planning and GovernancePublic Policy and Administration ResearchLocal Governance and Planning

The DOI matches its Crossref record.

A Ladder Of Citizen Participation

Arnstein, Sherry R.·1969·Journal of the American Institute of Planners

DOI 10.1080/01944366908977225

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

The heated controversy over “citizen participation,” “citizen control”, and “maximum feasible involvement of the poor,” has been waged largely in terms of exacerbated rhetoric and misleading euphemisms. To encourage a more enlightened dialogue, a typology of citizen participation is offered using examples from three federal social programs: urban renewal, anti-poverty, and Model Cities. The typology, which is designed to be provocative, is arranged in a ladder pattern with each rung corresponding to the extent of citizens' power in determining the plan and/or program.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1080/01944366908977225

Cites

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Sorted by citations

Items 701–800 of 1,034

‘Learning for resilience': Developing community capital through flood action groups in urban flood risk settings with lower social capital
McEwen, L. J., Holmes, A. P., Quinn, N. W., et al. (2017) · International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction · doi:10.1016/j.ijdrr.2017.10.018 · Cited by 105
From Engagement to Co-Production: How Users and Communities Contribute to Public Services
Bovaird, T., & Löffler, E. (2013) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203152294-9 · Cited by 105
The past, present and uncertain future of community energy in Denmark: Critically reviewing and conceptualising citizen ownership
Gorroño-Albizu, L., Sperling, K., & Djørup, S. R. (2019) · Energy Research & Social Science · doi:10.1016/j.erss.2019.101231 · Cited by 105
Guidance for Contained Field Trials of Vector Mosquitoes Engineered to Contain a Gene Drive System: Recommendations of a Scientific Working Group
Benedict, M. Q., D'Abbs, P. H., Dobson, S. L., Gottlieb, M., Harrington, L. C., Higgs, S., James, A. A., James, S. L., Knols, B. G., Lavery, J., et al. (2008) · Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases · doi:10.1089/vbz.2007.0273 · Cited by 104
Can policy perception influence social resilience to policy change?
Marshall, N. (2007) · Fisheries Research · doi:10.1016/j.fishres.2007.06.008 · Cited by 105
Dealing with uncertainty: adaptive approaches to sustainable river management
Clark, M. (2002) · Aquatic Conservation Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems · doi:10.1002/aqc.531 · Cited by 105
Public involvement methods in natural resource policy making: Advantages, disadvantages and trade-offs
Steelman, T. A., & Ascher, W. L. (1997) · Policy Sciences · doi:10.1023/a:1004246421974 · Cited by 105
Good Governance: Concept and Context
Addink, H. (2019) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198841159.001.0001 · Cited by 105
Narrative policy analysis and the integration of public involvement in decision making
Hampton, G. (2009) · Policy Sciences · doi:10.1007/s11077-009-9087-1 · Cited by 104
Designing a Participatory Process for Stakeholder Involvement in a Societal Decision
Bayley, C. L., & French, S. (2007) · Group Decision and Negotiation · doi:10.1007/s10726-007-9076-8 · Cited by 105
Are we talking the walk of community-based research?
Stoecker, R. (2009) · Action Research · doi:10.1177/1476750309340944 · Cited by 104
Community participation for rural health: a review of challenges
Kenny, A. J., Farmer, J., Dickson‐Swift, V., & Hyett, N. (2014) · Health Expectations · doi:10.1111/hex.12314 · Cited by 107
Improving democratic governance through institutional design: Civic participation and democratic ownership in Europe
Skelcher, C., & Torfing, J. (2010) · Regulation & Governance · doi:10.1111/j.1748-5991.2010.01072.x · Cited by 104
A framework of attitudes towards technology in theory and practice
Kerschner, C., & Ehlers, M. (2016) · Ecological Economics · doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2016.02.010 · Cited by 103
Community cultural development: Exploring the connections between collective art making, capacity building and sustainable community-based tourism
Moayerian, N., McGehee, N. G., & Stephenson, M. O., Jr. (2022) · Annals of Tourism Research · doi:10.1016/j.annals.2022.103355 · Cited by 140
Potentials and challenges of using co-design in health services research in low- and middle-income countries
Singh, D. R., Sah, R. K., Simkhada, B., & Darwin, Z. J. (2023) · Global Health Research and Policy · doi:10.1186/s41256-023-00290-6 · Cited by 125
A theoretical basis for participatory planning
Smith, R. W. (1973) · Policy Sciences · doi:10.1007/bf01435125 · Cited by 104
Public participation in regional health policy: a theoretical framework
Thurston, W. E., MacKean, G., Vollman, A. R., Casebeer, A. L., Weber, M., Maloff, B., & Bader, J. (2004) · Health Policy · doi:10.1016/j.healthpol.2004.11.013 · Cited by 102
Community-Based Planning as a Source of Political Change:The Transit Equity Movement of Los Angeles' Bus Riders Union
Grengs, J. (2002) · Journal of the American Planning Association · doi:10.1080/01944360208976263 · Cited by 104
Digital Health Technologies for Maternal and Child Health in Africa and Other Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Cross-disciplinary Scoping Review With Stakeholder Consultation
(2023) · doi:10.2196/42161 · Cited by 106
‘The country(side) is angry’: emotion and explanation in protest mobilization
Woods, M., Anderson, J., Guilbert, S., & Watkin, S. (2012) · Social & Cultural Geography · doi:10.1080/14649365.2012.704643 · Cited by 103
Gender and empowerment: assessing discrepancies using the resident empowerment through tourism scale
Boley, B. B., Yeager, E. P., Maruyama, N. U., & Woosnam, K. M. (2016) · Journal of Sustainable Tourism · doi:10.1080/09669582.2016.1177065 · Cited by 105
In search of visualization challenges: The development and implementation of visualization tools for supporting dialogue in urban planning processes
Billger, M., Thuvander, L., & Wästberg, B. S. (2016) · Environment and Planning B Urban Analytics and City Science · doi:10.1177/0265813516657341 · Cited by 103
Forms of participation: The development and application of a conceptual model of participation in work environment interventions
Abildgaard, J. S., Hasson, H., Schwarz, U. V. T., Løvseth, L. T., Ala-Laurinaho, A., & Nielsen, K. M. (2018) · Economic and Industrial Democracy · doi:10.1177/0143831x17743576 · Cited by 112
Citizens in Action, What Do They Accomplish? A Systematic Literature Review of Citizen Initiatives, Their Main Characteristics, Outcomes, and Factors
Igalla, M., Edelenbos, J., & van Meerkerk, I. (2019) · VOLUNTAS International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations · doi:10.1007/s11266-019-00129-0 · Cited by 102
Citizen science breathes new life into participatory agricultural research. A review
van de Gevel, J., van Etten, J., & Deterding, S. (2020) · Agronomy for Sustainable Development · doi:10.1007/s13593-020-00636-1 · Cited by 104
Citizen participation in the smart city: findings from an international comparative study
Przeybilovicz, É., Cunha, M. A., Geertman, S. C. M., Leleux, C., Michels, A., Tomor, Z., Webster, C. W. R., & Meijer, A. J. (2020) · Local Government Studies · doi:10.1080/03003930.2020.1851204 · Cited by 103
A Conceptual Framework for Social, Behavioral, and Environmental Change through Stakeholder Engagement in Water Resource Management
Eaton, W. M., Brasier, K. J., Burbach, M. E., Whitmer, W., Engle, E. W., Burnham, M., Quimby, B., Chaudhary, A. K., Whitley, H., Delozier, J., et al. (2021) · Society & Natural Resources · doi:10.1080/08941920.2021.1936717 · Cited by 113
Reallabore in Theorie und Praxis: Reflexion des Forschungsdesigns im Hinblick auf die nachhaltige Transformation urbaner Räume
Meyer, K., Esch, D., & Rabadjieva, M. (2021) · Raumforschung und Raumordnung / Spatial Research and Planning · doi:10.14512/rur.38 · Cited by 103
New York City Panel on Climate Change 2019 Report Chapter 6: Community‐Based Assessments of Adaptation and Equity
Foster, S., Leichenko, R., Nguyen, K. H., Blake, R., Kunreuther, H., Madajewicz, M., Petkova, E. P., Zimmerman, R., Corbin‐Mark, C., Yeampierre, E., et al. (2019) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/nyas.14009 · Cited by 102
Participation of youth in decision‐making procedures during residential care: A narrative review
ten Brummelaar, M., Harder, A. T., Kalverboer, M., Post, W. J., & Knorth, E. J. (2017) · Child & Family Social Work · doi:10.1111/cfs.12381 · Cited by 122
Education for Sustainable Development Goals in public debate: The importance of participatory research in reflecting and supporting the consultation process in developing a vision for Czech education
Dlouhá, J., & Pospíšilová, M. (2017) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.06.145 · Cited by 102
Reciprocal relationships and the importance of feedback in patient and public involvement: A mixed methods study
Mathie, E., Wythe, H., Munday, D., Millac, P. A. H., Rhodes, G., Roberts, N., Smeeton, N., Poland, F. M., & Jones, J. (2018) · Health Expectations · doi:10.1111/hex.12684 · Cited by 110
What explains the performance of community-based initiatives? Testing the impact of leadership, social capital, organizational capacity, and government support
Igalla, M., Edelenbos, J., & van Meerkerk, I. (2019) · Public Management Review · doi:10.1080/14719037.2019.1604796 · Cited by 131
Themes and trends in visual assessment research: Introduction to the Landscape and Urban Planning special collection on the visual assessment of landscapes
Gobster, P. H., Ribe, R. G., & Palmer, J. F. (2019) · Landscape and Urban Planning · doi:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2019.103635 · Cited by 110
Type, tweet, tap, and pass: How smart city technology is creating a transactional citizen
Johnson, P. A., Robinson, P. J., & Philpot, S. L. (2019) · Government Information Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.giq.2019.101414 · Cited by 107
Peace engineering: The contribution of blockchain systems to the e-voting process
Baudier, P., Kondrateva, G., Ammi, C., & Seulliet, É. (2020) · Technological Forecasting and Social Change · doi:10.1016/j.techfore.2020.120397 · Cited by 115
How community participation in water and sanitation interventions impacts human health, WASH infrastructure and service longevity in low-income and middle-income countries: a realist review
Nelson, S., Drabarek, D., Jenkins, A., Negin, J., & Abímbọ́lá, Ṣ. (2021) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-053320 · Cited by 134
A critical review of catchment-scale stream rehabilitation programmes
Hillman, M., & Brierley, G. (2005) · Progress in Physical Geography Earth and Environment · doi:10.1191/0309133305pp434ra · Cited by 102
How to involve inhabitants in urban design planning by using digital tools? An overview on a state of the art, key challenges and promising approaches
Münster, S., Georgi, C., Heijne, K., Klamert, K., Noennig, J. R., Pump, M., Stelzle, B., & van der Meer, H. (2017) · Procedia Computer Science · doi:10.1016/j.procs.2017.08.102 · Cited by 101
Building back better with people centered housing recovery
Maly, E. (2017) · International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction · doi:10.1016/j.ijdrr.2017.09.005 · Cited by 101
Interdisciplinary team science and the public: Steps toward a participatory team science.
Tebes, J. K., & Thai, N. D. (2018) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/amp0000281 · Cited by 109
Integrating Methods for Developing Sustainability Indicators to Facilitate Learning and Action
Reed, M. S., Fraser, E., Morse, S., et al. (2005) · Ecology and Society · doi:10.5751/es-01296-1001r03 · Cited by 101
The role of public participation in identifying stakeholder synergies in wind power project development: The case study of Ontario, Canada
Jami, A. A. N., & Walsh, P. R. (2014) · Renewable Energy · doi:10.1016/j.renene.2014.02.004 · Cited by 101
"You Have One Friend Request"
Hand, L. C., & Ching, B. D. (2011) · Administrative Theory & Praxis · doi:10.2753/atp1084-1806330303 · Cited by 112
6 The time it takes: temporalities of planning
Abram, S. A. (2014) · Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute · doi:10.1111/1467-9655.12097 · Cited by 103
'Participatory interdisciplinarity': Towards the integration of disciplinary diversity with stakeholder engagement for new models of knowledge production
O’Brien, L., Marzano, M., & White, R. M. (2013) · Science and Public Policy · doi:10.1093/scipol/scs120 · Cited by 108
Facing the water framework directive challenges: A baseline of stakeholder participation in the European Union
Stefano, L. D. (2010) · Journal of Environmental Management · doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.02.014 · Cited by 100
Public engagement in the W eb 2.0 era: Social collaborative technologies in a public sector context
McNutt, K. (2014) · Canadian Public Administration · doi:10.1111/capa.12058 · Cited by 105
Citizens' intentions to participate in governmental co-creation initiatives: Comparing three co-creation configurations
de Jong, M. D. T., Neulen, S., & Jansma, S. R. (2019) · Government Information Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.giq.2019.04.003 · Cited by 100
Inclusive Practices for Neurodevelopmental Research
Fletcher‐Watson, S., Brook, K., Hallett, S., Murray, F., & Crompton, C. J. (2021) · Current Developmental Disorders Reports · doi:10.1007/s40474-021-00227-z · Cited by 114
How can local energy communities promote sustainable development in European cities?
Otamendi-Irizar, I., Grijalba, O., Arias, A., Pennese, C., & Hernández, R. (2022) · Energy Research & Social Science · doi:10.1016/j.erss.2021.102363 · Cited by 80
Connecting the Sustainable Livelihoods Approach and Tourism: A Review of the Literature
Shen, F., Hughey, K. F. D., & Simmons, D. G. (2008) · Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management · doi:10.1375/jhtm.15.1.19 · Cited by 101
Citizens call for sufficiency and regulation — A comparison of European citizen assemblies and National Energy and Climate Plans
Lage, J., Thema, J., Zell-Ziegler, C., et al. (2023) · Energy Research & Social Science · doi:10.1016/j.erss.2023.103254 · Cited by 100
Social Structure, Identities, and Values: A Network Approach to Understanding People's Relationships to Forests
Harshaw, H. W., & Tindall, D. B. (2005) · Journal of Leisure Research · doi:10.1080/00222216.2005.11950061 · Cited by 100
Open government and e-government
Harrison, T. M., Guerrero, S., Burke, G. B., Cook, M. E., Cresswell, A. M., Helbig, N., Hrdinová, J., & Pardo, T. A. (2011) · Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research · doi:10.1145/2037556.2037597 · Cited by 116
What is the alternative? Impact assessment tools and sustainable planning
Benson, J. F. (2003) · Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal · doi:10.3152/147154603781766185 · Cited by 100
A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum? Reforming Patient and Public Involvement in the NHS in England
Baggott, R. (2005) · Public Administration · doi:10.1111/j.0033-3298.2005.00461.x · Cited by 100
Uses of Public Participation Geographic Information Systems Applications in E‐Government
Ganapati, S. (2011) · Public Administration Review · doi:10.1111/j.1540-6210.2011.02226.x · Cited by 99
Whose Theory of Participation? School Governance Policy and Practice in South Africa
Lewis, S. G., & Naidoo, J. (2004) · Current Issues in Comparative Education · doi:10.52214/cice.v6i2.11381 · Cited by 100
Socio-spatial learning: A case study of community knowledge in participatory spatial planning
Natarajan, L. (2015) · Progress in Planning · doi:10.1016/j.progress.2015.06.002 · Cited by 100
BEYOND GROWTH
Matarrita‐Cascante, D. (2010) · Annals of Tourism Research · doi:10.1016/j.annals.2010.05.004 · Cited by 109
Towards a Smart and Sustainable City with the Involvement of Public Participation—The Case of Wroclaw
Bednarska-Olejniczak, D., Olejniczak, J., & Svobodová, L. (2019) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su11020332 · Cited by 98
A framework for characterising and evaluating the effectiveness of environmental modelling
Hamilton, S. H., Fu, B., Guillaume, J. H. A., Badham, J., Elsawah, S., Gober, P. A., Hunt, R. J., Iwanaga, T., Jakeman, A. J., Ames, D. P., et al. (2019) · Environmental Modelling & Software · doi:10.1016/j.envsoft.2019.04.008 · Cited by 104
Creative (Climate) Communications
Boykoff, M. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108164047 · Cited by 107
Rethinking public participation in the smart city
Levenda, A., Keough, N., Rock, M. J., & Miller, B. A. (2020) · Canadian Geographies / Géographies canadiennes · doi:10.1111/cag.12601 · Cited by 102
La démocratie participative
Bacqué, M., & Sintomer, Y. (2011) · La Découverte eBooks · doi:10.3917/dec.bacqu.2011.01.0009 · Cited by 99
Social dreaming together: A critical exploration of participatory speculative design
Farias, P. G., Bendor, R., & van Eekelen, B. F. (2022) · Education and New Developments 2022 – Volume I · doi:10.1145/3537797.3537826 · Cited by 100
Impact assessment procedures for sustainable development: A complexity theory perspective
Nooteboom, S. G. (2007) · Environmental Impact Assessment Review · doi:10.1016/j.eiar.2007.05.006 · Cited by 99
Non-participation in digital media: toward a framework of mediated political action
Casemajor, N., Couture, S., Delfín, M., Goerzen, M., & Delfanti, A. (2015) · Media Culture & Society · doi:10.1177/0163443715584098 · Cited by 114
Resource Recovery from Waste: Restoring the Balance between Resource Scarcity and Waste Overload
Velenturf, A. P. M., & Purnell, P. (2017) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su9091603 · Cited by 111
Civic Crowdfunding: Participatory Communities, Entrepreneurs and the Political Economy of PlacePreprint
Davies, R. (2014) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.2434615 · Cited by 89
Urban China through the lens of neoliberalism: Is a conceptual twist enough?
Zhou, Y., Lin, G. C. S., & Zhang, J. (2018) · Urban Studies · doi:10.1177/0042098018775367 · Cited by 99
The Role of Transdisciplinary Approach and Community Participation in Village Scale Groundwater Management: Insights from Gujarat and Rajasthan, India
Maheshwari, B. L., Varua, M. E., Ward, J. R., et al. (2014) · Water · doi:10.3390/w6113386 · Cited by 98
Why the public thinks natural resources public participation processes fail: A case study of British Columbia communities
Booth, A. L., & Halseth, G. R. (2011) · Land Use Policy · doi:10.1016/j.landusepol.2011.03.005 · Cited by 98
User-driven design of decision support systems for polycentric environmental resources management
Zulkafli, Z., Pérez, K., Vitolo, C., Buytaert, W., Karpouzoglou, T., Dewulf, A. R. P. J., Bièvre, B. D., Clark, J. R. A., Hannah, D. M., & Simrita, S. (2016) · Environmental Modelling & Software · doi:10.1016/j.envsoft.2016.10.012 · Cited by 103
Community Participation in the Decision-Making Process for Sustainable Tourism Development in Rural Areas of Hong Kong, China
Mak, B. K. L., Cheung, L. T. O., & Hui, D. (2017) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su9101695 · Cited by 98
In search of the citizen in the datafication of public administration
Broomfield, H., & Reutter, L. M. (2022) · Big Data & Society · doi:10.1177/20539517221089302 · Cited by 101
Beyond Biogeography: a Framework for Involving the Public in Planning of U.S. Marine Protected Areas
Dalton, T. M. (2005) · Conservation Biology · doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2005.00116.x · Cited by 98
Creating Child-Friendly Environments
Horelli, L. (1998) · Childhood · doi:10.1177/0907568298005002008 · Cited by 107
Social Capital, Sustainability and Environmental Planning
Selman, P. H. (2001) · Planning Theory & Practice · doi:10.1080/14649350122850 · Cited by 98
Continuous Institutional Innovation and the Pragmatic Conception of Democracy
Fung, A. (2012) · Polity · doi:10.1057/pol.2012.17 · Cited by 110
Acquisition of T-shaped expertise: an exploratory study
Conley, S. N., Foley, R. W., Gorman, M. E., Denham, J., & Coleman, K. (2017) · Social Epistemology · doi:10.1080/02691728.2016.1249435 · Cited by 99
Informal Urban Green Space: Residents’ Perception, Use, and Management Preferences across Four Major Japanese Shrinking Cities
Rupprecht, C. D. D. (2017) · Land · doi:10.3390/land6030059 · Cited by 98
Toward a Theoretical Understanding of Placemaking
Ellery, P. J., Ellery, J., & Borkowsky, M. (2020) · International Journal of Community Well-Being · doi:10.1007/s42413-020-00078-3 · Cited by 97
Community interventions with women’s groups to improve women’s and children’s health in India: a mixed-methods systematic review of effects, enablers and barriers
Desai, S., Misra, M., Das, A., Singh, R. J., Sehgal, M., Gram, L., Kumar, N., & Prost, A. (2020) · BMJ Global Health · doi:10.1136/bmjgh-2020-003304 · Cited by 103
Assessing Cultural Heritage Adaptive Reuse Practices: Multi-Scale Challenges and Solutions in Rijeka
Pintossi, N., Kaya, D. I., & Roders, A. P. (2021) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su13073603 · Cited by 97
Does public participation lead to more ambitious and transformative local climate change planning?
Cattino, M., & Reckien, D. (2021) · Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability · doi:10.1016/j.cosust.2021.08.004 · Cited by 95
Youth participation: Adultism, human rights and professional youth work
Corney, T., Cooper, T., Shier, H., & Williamson, H. (2021) · Children & Society · doi:10.1111/chso.12526 · Cited by 98
Keeping Service User Involvement in Research Honest
McLaughlin, H. (2009) · The British Journal of Social Work · doi:10.1093/bjsw/bcp064 · Cited by 97
Planning for Climate Change: Is Greater Public Participation the Key to Success?
Burton, P., & Nalau, J. (2013) · Urban Policy and Research · doi:10.1080/08111146.2013.778196 · Cited by 98
Rethinking the relationship between science and society: Has there been a shift in attitudes to Patient and Public Involvement and Public Engagement in Science in the United Kingdom?
Boaz, A., Biri, D., & McKevitt, C. (2014) · Health Expectations · doi:10.1111/hex.12295 · Cited by 97
Citizens’ juries in planning research priorities: process, engagement and outcome
Gooberman‐Hill, R., Horwood, J. P., & Calnan, M. (2008) · Health Expectations · doi:10.1111/j.1369-7625.2008.00502.x · Cited by 97
Towards understanding participatory processes: Framework, application and results
Hassenforder, É., Smajgl, A., & Ward, J. R. (2015) · Journal of Environmental Management · doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.04.012 · Cited by 96
Procedural and distributive justice in a community-based managed Marine Protected Area in Zanzibar, Tanzania
Gustavsson, M., Lindström, L., Jiddawi, N. S., & de la Torre‐Castro, M. (2014) · Marine Policy · doi:10.1016/j.marpol.2014.01.005 · Cited by 96
Integrating adaptive governance and participatory multicriteria methods: a framework for climate adaptation governance
Munaretto, S., Siciliano, G., & Turvani, M. E. (2014) · Ecology and Society · doi:10.5751/es-06381-190274 · Cited by 107
Knowledge Co-production at the Research–Practice Interface: Embedded Case Studies from Urban Forestry
Campbell, L. K., Svendsen, E. S., & Roman, L. A. (2016) · Environmental Management · doi:10.1007/s00267-016-0680-8 · Cited by 108
A simplified approach to stakeholder engagement in natural resource management: the Five-Feature Framework
Talley, J. L., Schneider, J., & Lindquist, E. (2016) · Ecology and Society · doi:10.5751/es-08830-210438 · Cited by 96
Classification of Smart City Research - a Descriptive Literature Review and Future Research Agenda
Gupta, P., Chauhan, S., & Jaiswal, M. P. (2019) · Information Systems Frontiers · doi:10.1007/s10796-019-09911-3 · Cited by 99
Collaborative Governance in Tourism: Empirical Insights into a Community-Oriented Destination
Bichler, B. F., & Lösch, M. (2019) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su11236673 · Cited by 99

Authors: Arnstein, S. R.
Corresponding author: Arnstein, Sherry R.
Venue: Journal of the American Institute of Planners
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Published: 1969-07
Volume: 35
Issue: 4
Pages: 216-224
ISSN: 0002-8991 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1080/01944366908977225
OpenAlex: W2008251417
Cited by: 17,064
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 1187 · 2025: 1177 · 2024: 1134 · 2023: 1123 · 2022: 1080 · 2021: 1124 · 2020: 1117 · 2019: 1065 · 2018: 817 · 2017: 750 · 2016: 728 · 2015: 691 · 2014: 681 · 2013: 618 · 2012: 569
FWCI: 103.71
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Journal of the American Institute of Planners (publishedVersion)
BIBSYS Brage (BIBSYS (Norway)) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Urban Studies › Urban Planning and Governance
Social Sciences › Public Administration › Public Policy and Administration Research
Social Sciences › Geography, Planning and Development › Local Governance and Planning
Keywords: citizen participation, citizen control, typology of participation, urban regeneration, anti-poverty policy, Model Cities program, federal social programs, poor people, citizen power, participatory planning

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

A Ladder Of Citizen Participation

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks