The DOI matches its Crossref record; 30 of the 30 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Contract cheating and assessment design: exploring the relationship
Open accessAbstract
This paper reports on findings from a large Australian research project that explored the relationship between contract cheating and assessment design. Using survey responses from 14,086 students and 1147 educators at eight universities, a multivariate analysis examined the influence of a range of factors on the likelihood that different assessment types would prompt considerations of contract cheating in students. Perceptions of likelihood were highest among students who speak a language other than English at home. Perceptions of likelihood were also higher among students who reported there to be lots of opportunities to cheat, and amongst students who were dissatisfied with the teaching and learning environment. Perceptions of likelihood for certain assessment types were also higher in commerce and engineering than in any other discipline. Overall, four assessment types were perceived by students to be the least likely to be outsourced, however these are also the least likely to be set by educators. The analysis indicates that educators are more likely to use these assessment tasks when they report positively on organisational support for teaching and learning.
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“As with pre-AI discussions of academic integrity, it is important to recognise that students' misconduct is not equal across all assessment types; some forms lend themselves to academic dishonesty more than others (Bretag et al., 2019).”
From The AI Assessment Scale (AIAS) in action: A pilot implementation of GenAI supported assessment (2024) · cites this paper as Bretag et al., 2019
Citations
Cites
A five-dimensional framework for authentic assessment
Gulikers, J. T. M., Bastiaens, T. J., & Kirschner, P. A. (2004) · Educational Technology Research and Development · doi:10.1007/bf02504676 · Cited by 916
Academic Dishonesty: Honor Codes and other Contextual Influences
McCabe, D. L., & Trevino, L. K. (1993) · The Journal of Higher Education · doi:10.1080/00221546.1993.11778446 · Cited by 855
McCabe, D. L., & Treviño, L. K. (2017) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781315263465-43 · Cited by 732
Contract cheating: a survey of australian university students
Bretag, T., Harper, R., Burton, M., Ellis, C., Newton, P., Rozenberg, P., Saddiqui, S., & van Haeringen, K. (2019) · Studies in Higher Education · doi:10.1080/03075079.2018.1462788 · Cited by 476
Self-citationPerforming the sharing economy
Richardson, L. (2015) · Geoforum · doi:10.1016/j.geoforum.2015.11.004 · Cited by 465
Cheating among college and university students: A North American perspective
McCabe, D. L. (2005) · International Journal for Educational Integrity · doi:10.21913/ijei.v1i1.14 · Cited by 459
Developing Effective Assessment in Higher Education: A Practical Guide
Bloxham, S., & Boyd, P. (2007) · Insight (University of Cumbria) · Cited by 377
Association for the Study of Higher Education (2006) · ASHE Higher Education Report · doi:10.1002/(issn)1554-6306 · Cited by 322
In their own words: a qualitative study of the reasons Australian university students plagiarize
Devlin, M., & Gray, K. (2007) · Higher Education Research & Development · doi:10.1080/07294360701310805 · Cited by 268
Marsden, H., Carroll, M., & Neill, J. T. (2005) · Australian Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1080/00049530412331283426 · Cited by 267
Research works printed but not linked: 4
- Arkoudis S., 2016, International Education Association of Australia Research Digest, 8
- Bretag T, 2007, People and Place, 15, 13
- Herrington J., 2006, Proceedings of the 2006 Annual International Conference of the Higher Education Research and Development Society of Australasia Inc (HERDSA): Critical Visions: Thinking, Learning and Researching in Higher Education: Research and Development in Higher Education 29, 141
- O’Malley M., 2012, International Journal of Innovation in Science and Mathematics Education (Formerly CAL-Laborate International), 20
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Items 201–201 of 201
Devi, A. M., Kalita, J., Islam, M., & Begum, S. (2026) · International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health · doi:10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20264111
Metadata
- Authors
- Bretag, T., Harper, R., Burton, M., Ellis, C., Newton, P., van Haeringen, K., Saddiqui, S., & Rozenberg, P.
- Affiliations
- University of South Australia (AU)
- The University of Western Australia (AU)
- UNSW Sydney (AU)
- Swansea University (GB)
- Griffith University (AU)
- The University of Sydney (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Bretag, Tracey
- ORCID
- Venue
- Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2018-12-14
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 676-691
- ISSN
- 0260-2938 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-297X
- OpenAlex
- W2905256499
- Cited by
- 201
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 24 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 48 · 2022: 35 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 8
- FWCI
- 22.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- figshare.com
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education (publishedVersion)
- UWA Profiles and Research Repository (UWA) (submittedVersion)
- Adelaide Research & Scholarship (AR&S) (University of Adelaide) (submittedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Griffith Research Online (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Australian Government Department of Education and Training (SP16-5383)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Academic integrity and plagiarism
- Social Sciences › Education › Student Assessment and Feedback
- Social Sciences › Education › Evaluation of Teaching Practices
- Keywords
- contract cheating, academic integrity, assessment design, student perceptions, assessment types, language background, teaching and learning environment, higher education teachers
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