The DOI matches its Crossref record; 82 of the 82 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The transition to autonomous cars, the redesign of cities and the future of urban sustainability
Open accessAbstract
Autonomous cars controlled by an artificial intelligence are increasingly being integrated in the transport portfolio of cities, with strong repercussions for the design and sustainability of the built environment. This paper sheds light on the urban transition to autonomous transport, in a threefold manner. First, we advance a theoretical framework to understand the diffusion of autonomous cars in cities, on the basis of three interconnected factors: social attitudes, technological innovation and urban politics. Second, we draw upon an in-depth survey conducted in Dublin (1,233 respondents), to provide empirical evidence of (a) the public interest in autonomous cars and the intention to use them once available, (b) the fears and concerns that individuals have regarding autonomous vehicles and (c) how people intend to employ this new form of transport. Third, we use the empirics generated via the survey as a stepping stone to discuss possible urban futures, focusing on the changes in urban design and sustainability that the transition to autonomous transport is likely to trigger. Interpreting the data through the lens of smart and neoliberal urbanism, we picture a complex urban geography characterized by shared and private autonomous vehicles, human drivers and artificial intelligences overlapping and competing for urban spaces.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“Cities may be able to lower the number of single-passenger vehicles on the road by implementing AVs for public transportation, resulting in lower emissions and better air quality [35,65,71].”
From Assessing the Role of Autonomous Vehicles in Urban Areas: A Systematic Review of Literature (2024) · cites this paper as [65]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“Due to the lack of legislation, autonomous vehicle deployment and operation require some form of regulation [55,64,65].”
From Assessing the Role of Autonomous Vehicles in Urban Areas: A Systematic Review of Literature (2024) · cites this paper as [65]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The real-time city? Big data and smart urbanism
Kitchin, R. (2014) · GeoJournal · doi:10.1007/s10708-013-9516-8 · Cited by 2,794
Awad, E., Dsouza, S., Kim, R., Schulz, J., Henrich, J., Shariff, A., Bonnefon, J.-F., & Rahwan, I. (2018) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0637-6 · Cited by 1,859 · cited 1×
“Safety concerns have also been confirmed in sociological and psychological studies looking at the attitudes of people toward autonomous cars (Awad et al., 2018; Kyriakidis et al., 2015; Taeihagh et al., 2018; Wu et al., 2020).”
BackgroundKyriakidis, M., Happee, R., & de Winter, J. C. F. (2015) · Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.trf.2015.04.014 · Cited by 1,383
On-demand high-capacity ride-sharing via dynamic trip-vehicle assignment
Alonso–Mora, J., Samaranayake, S., Wallar, A., Frazzoli, E., & Rus, D. L. (2017) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1611675114 · Cited by 1,196
Fagnant, D. J., & Kockelman, K. M. (2014) · Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies · doi:10.1016/j.trc.2013.12.001 · Cited by 1,177
Technological forecasting and social change
(1988) · Technological Forecasting and Social Change · doi:10.1016/0040-1625(88)90012-1 · Cited by 1,148
User preferences regarding autonomous vehicles
Haboucha, C. J., Ishaq, R., & Shiftan, Y. (2017) · Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies · doi:10.1016/j.trc.2017.01.010 · Cited by 996
Milakis, D., van Arem, B., & van Wee, B. (2017) · Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems · doi:10.1080/15472450.2017.1291351 · Cited by 963
The ‘actually existing smart city’
Shelton, T., Zook, M., & Wiig, A. (2014) · Cambridge Journal of Regions Economy and Society · doi:10.1093/cjres/rsu026 · Cited by 870
Autonomous vehicle perception: The technology of today and tomorrow
Van Brummelen, J., O’Brien, M., Gruyer, D., & Najjaran, H. (2018) · Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies · doi:10.1016/j.trc.2018.02.012 · Cited by 869
Research works printed but not linked: 7
- Bansal Prateek, 2017, Policy and Practice, 95, 49
- Benevolo Leonardo, 1993, The European city
- Calabi Donatella, 2001, La citta’ del primo rinascimento
- Fitzgerald, Scott, F.Scott Fitzgerald, F, 2000, The great gatsby
- 10.1109/MITS.2020.3014417 · DOI · Paper page
- Hall Peter, 1998, Cities in civilization
- Hall Peter, 2002, Cities of tomorrow
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–151 of 151
Mallika Sankar, M., Pachiyappan, S., Arjun, B. S., & Srivastava, A. (2024) · Emerald Group Publishing Limited eBooks · doi:10.1108/978-1-83797-957-820241018 · Cited by 3
Li, Y., Tsang, Y. P., Lee, C. K. M., Zhang, Q., & Chen, Z. (2025) · Transport Policy · doi:10.1016/j.tranpol.2025.07.001 · Cited by 3
Majumdar, S., Mallik, B. B., & Kirkley, S. E. (2025) · International Conference on Communication, Computing, Networking, and Control in Cyber-Physical Systems (CCNCPS) · doi:10.1109/ccncps66785.2025.11135618 · Cited by 4
A Dynamic Model of Profit Maximization for Carsharing Services: Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan
Amirgaliyev, B., Kuchanskyi, O., Andrashko, Y., & Yedilkhan, D. (2023) · Urban Science · doi:10.3390/urbansci7030074 · Cited by 3
Autonomous technologies for daily personal mobilities
Kellerman, A. (2023) · European Journal of Geography · doi:10.48088/ejg.a.kel.14.3.089.096 · Cited by 3
Long-term recommendations for sustainable urban tourism
Coca‐Stefaniak, J. A., Day, J., Maxim, C., & Morrison, A. M. (2024) · Edward Elgar Publishing eBooks · doi:10.4337/9781803926742.00054 · Cited by 3
Simandan, D. (2023) · doi:10.1093/obo/9780199874002-0257 · Cited by 3
Acheampong, R. A., Cugurullo, F., Staricco, L., & Brovarone, E. V. (2024) · Cities · doi:10.1016/j.cities.2024.105184 · Cited by 3
Self-citationHow Can Autonomous Truck Systems Transform North Dakota’s Agricultural Supply Chain Industry?
Thompson, E. A., Mattson, J., Lu, P., Akoto, E. T., Boadu, S., Atuobi, H. B., Dadson, K., & Tolliver, D. (2025) · Future Transportation · doi:10.3390/futuretransp5030100 · Cited by 2
Иджитканлар, Т., & Кугурульо, Ф. (2022) · Городские исследования и практики · doi:10.17323/usp71202235-64 · Cited by 4
Enhancing Real‐Time Embedded System Education With Self‐Driving Car Models
Mustafa, D., Khabour, S. M., & Mustafa, I. G. (2024) · Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies · doi:10.1155/2024/8578058 · Cited by 2
Castillo-Paz, A. A., Elizondo-Noriega, A., Cuellar, J., Benavides, A. G. G., Emmett, G. L., Rouen, J., Topp, A., Linan, R., Perez, A. S., Ceciliano-Meza, J. L., et al. (2024) · Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET) · doi:10.23919/picmet64035.2024.10653291 · Cited by 2
Castillo-Paz, A. A., Elizondo-Noriega, A., Benavides, A., Cuellar, J. V., Emmett, G. L., Rouen, J., Topp, A., Linan, R., Perez, A. S., Ceciliano-Meza, J. L., et al. (2024) · Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET) · doi:10.23919/picmet64035.2024.10653417 · Cited by 2
Castillo-Paz, A. A., Elizondo-Noriega, A., Emmett, G. L., Rouen, J., Topp, A., Linan, R., Duarte-Pacheco, L., Ceciliano-Meza, J. L., & Moctezuma, J. F. P. (2024) · Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET) · doi:10.23919/picmet64035.2024.10653004 · Cited by 2
Владимирович, С. Г., Katochkov, V., & Grishina, V. (2022) · Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research/Advances in social science, education and humanities research · doi:10.2991/assehr.k.220106.002 · Cited by 2
Industry Emergence and Market Capture: The Rise of Autonomous Vehicles
León, L. F. A., & Aoyama, Y. (2025) · Economic geography · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-01602-7_1 · Cited by 1
Multi-Agent AI Simulation for Evaluating Sustainability of Urban Transportation Infrastructure
James, E., & Martinez, S. (2025) · Civil Engineering Science and Technology · doi:10.51903/tx30kz14 · Cited by 1
Divergent urban pathways to autonomous mobility across thirty Chinese cities
Wang, Q., Trencher, G., & Taeihagh, A. (2026) · npj Sustainable Mobility and Transport · doi:10.1038/s44333-026-00096-2 · Cited by 1
Turoń, K. (2026) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su18168119 · Cited by 1
An assessment of self-driving vehicles: road maintenance and infrastructure needs
Kondratovič, V., Čygas, D., & Palevičius, V. (2023) · Environmental engineering · doi:10.3846/enviro.2023.913 · Cited by 1
Exploiting Container-Based Microservices forReliable Smart Mobility Applications
Sisinni, E., Flammini, A., Gaffurini, M., & Ferrari, P. (2024) · ACM SIGAda Ada Letters · doi:10.1145/3672359.3672365 · Cited by 1
Envisioning Cities of the Future: A Malaysia Youth Perspective Using Concept Mapping
Homer, S. T., Berezina, E., & Gill, C. M. H. D. (2024) · Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation/Advances in science, technology & innovation · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-54911-3_8 · Cited by 1
3. The challenges posed by CAVs for the built environment
Parkes, S., & Ferrari, E. (2022) · Regional Studies Policy Impact Books · doi:10.1080/2578711x.2022.2085927 · Cited by 1
Disruptive Mobility: Sharing Electric Autonomous Vehicles (SEAVs) Reshape Our Future Cities
Mohammadzadeh, M. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-87745-3_106 · Cited by 1
Trials and Tribulations: Who Learns What From Urban Experiments With Self-driving Vehicles?Preprint
Stilgoe, J., & O’Donovan, C. (2023) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4603654 · Cited by 1
Alampoor, A., & Shafahi, Y. (2024) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4764685 · Cited by 1
Disruptive Mobility: Sharing Electric Autonomous Vehicles (SEAVs) Reshape Our Future Cities
Mohammadzadeh, M. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-51812-7_106-1
Formation of streaming model of transportation and logistics system
Владимирович, С. Г. (2021) · CITISE · doi:10.15350/2409-7616.2021.4.41
Social And Environmental Impacts of Driverless CarsPreprint
Juraev, Z., & Yena, S. (2022) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4157919
2. The transition to connected and autonomous vehicles
Parkes, S., & Ferrari, E. (2022) · Regional Studies Policy Impact Books · doi:10.1080/2578711x.2022.2085926
Retos de la Inteligencia Artificial - Coches autónomos: Un breve repaso
Tapie, B. O. N., Riofrio, M. A. I., Bernal, Z. J. M., Umaquinga-Criollo, A. C., Crespo, G. P. H., & Michilena-Calderón, J. (2023) · INNOVATION & DEVELOPMENT IN ENGINEERING AND APPLIED SCIENCES · doi:10.53358/ideas.v5i2.912
The Governance of Artificial Intelligence in the “Autonomous City”
Cugurullo, F., Yiğitcanlar, T., Zhang, X., Del Casino, V., Gulsrud, N. M., & Barns, S. (2023) · Frontiers research topics · doi:10.3389/978-2-8325-3564-6
Self-citationReducing emissions during the formation of intelligent transport and logistics systems in the city
Владимирович, С. Г., & Savina, V. (2023) · E3S Web of Conferences · doi:10.1051/e3sconf/202345102004
Long-Haul Connected and Autonomous Transportation Network DesignPreprint
Hajlou, E. M. H., Schmidt, M., & Zuidwijk, R. A. (2023) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4676449
Martínez‐Buelvas, L., Rakotonirainy, A., Grant‐Smith, D., & Oviedo-Trespalacios, Ó. (2024) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4768392
Do Mobility and Sustainability Rhyme in the Autonomous City?
Cugurullo, F., & Gaio, A. (2024) · doi:10.1002/9781118641156.ch7
Self-citationTransformative Horizons: Pioneering the Future of Smart Cities with AI&ML
Pal, V., Yadav, N., Sharma, A., Nayak, S., Dhaliwal, S., & Singla, S. (2024) · International Conference on Emerging Innovations and Advanced Computing (INNOCOMP) · doi:10.1109/innocomp63224.2024.00077
Smart Cities and Transportation: Governance and Institutional Frameworks
Comandon, A., Boarnet, M. G., Cadiz, J., & Holmes, A. (2024) · Springer tracts on transportation and traffic · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-64769-7_19
Innovation Model by China’s New-Energy-Vehicles Companies: In the Case of NIO
Chen, X. (2024) · WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON BUSINESS AND ECONOMICS · doi:10.37394/23207.2025.22.10
Leveraging Artificial Intelligence for Sustainable Smart Cities: Insights from Bibliometric Analysis
Kapoor, G., Singhal, M., & Chaturvedi, P. (2025) · Energy, environment, and sustainability · doi:10.1007/978-981-96-7388-9_11
Interrogating transition imaginaries: mapping present futures of urban (auto)mobilities
Hawxwell, T., & Späth, P. (2025) · Urban Transformations · doi:10.1186/s42854-025-00085-7 · Cited by 1
Examining the Role of Autonomous Driving Technology in Enhancing Environmental Sustainability
Zheng, Z., & Dasig, D. D. (2024) · IEEE International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology, Communication and Control, Environment, and Management (HNICEM) · doi:10.1109/hnicem64917.2024.11258810
Long-haul Connected and Autonomous Transportation Network DesignPreprint
Hajlou, E. M. H., Schmidt, M., & Zuidwijk, R. A. (2025) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.5954921
Perng, S.-Y. (2026) · Annals of the American Association of Geographers · doi:10.1080/24694452.2025.2599852
Gaio, A., & Cugurullo, F. (2026) · Transportation Research Part F Traffic Psychology and Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.trf.2026.103773
Self-citationSilva, Ó., Cordera, R., González-González, E., & Nogués, S. (2026) · Sustainable Futures · doi:10.1016/j.sftr.2026.101856
Lukovics, M., Kovács, P. T., & Smahó, M. (2026) · Case Studies on Transport Policy · doi:10.1016/j.cstp.2026.101890 · Cited by 1
Autonomous vehicles and transportation safety: A comprehensive review of risk and challenges
Shaik, M. E., Ahmed, S., Shakik, A., & Tausif, T. (2026) · Transportation Research Today · doi:10.1016/j.trt.2026.100018
Warf, B. (2026) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-30281-7.00013-x
Diverse Episodic Trajectory Exploration for Deep Q-Networks With Application to Self-Driving Cars
Hassani, H., Nikan, S., & Abdallah Shami, B. (2026) · IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles · doi:10.1109/tiv.2026.3732856
Su, L., Branco, F., & Martins, J. (2026) · Big Data and Cognitive Computing · doi:10.3390/bdcc10100325 · Cited by 1
Metadata
- Authors
- Cugurullo, F., Acheampong, R. A., Gueriau, M., & Dusparic, I.
- Affiliations
- Trinity College Dublin (IE)
- University of Manchester (GB)
- School of Computer Science, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Corresponding author
- Cugurullo, Federico
- Venue
- Urban Geography
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2020-04-02
- Volume
- 42
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 833-859
- ISSN
- 0272-3638 (ISSN-L)
- 1938-2847
- OpenAlex
- W3012084675
- Cited by
- 151
- References
- 82
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 36 · 2023: 31 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 6
- FWCI
- 7.58
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Licence
- other-oa
- Locations
- Urban Geography (publishedVersion)
- Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Irish Research Council (206296.14493)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Transportation › Transportation and Mobility Innovations
- Social Sciences › Transportation › Urban Transport and Accessibility
- Social Sciences › Urban Studies › Smart Cities and Technologies
- Keywords
- autonomous vehicles, urban transition, urban sustainability, urban design, diffusion of innovations, urban politics, smart urbanism, neoliberal urbanism, shared autonomous vehicles, public transport, Dublin
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
